Giessen Wingolf

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Charged by the Giessen Wingolf 1861
Pub on the house around 1900

The Giessen Wingolf is a Christian , non-denominational student association . The Giessen Wingolf was founded after various preliminary stages on August 15, 1852 at the then Hessian State University in Giessen , the Ludoviciana , and is thus the oldest non-beating corporation in Giessen and in the then Grand Duchy of Hesse . He is a member of the Wingolfsbund and has been its presiding association eight times since 1854 (suburb).

A large number of theologians within the Evangelical Church in Hesse belonged to the Giessen Wingolf. The members of the association include the chemist Jacob Volhard and theologians such as Ferdinand Kattenbusch and the pastor Paul Schneider , who became known as the “Preacher of Buchenwald” . The Kaufmann-Will-Kreis is connected to the Giessen Wingolf through some of its members.

history

prehistory

"Gießener Schwarzer" around 1819

At the end of the Napoleonic Wars of Liberation in 1815, after almost 25 years of political and economic instability in Central Europe, the focus on religious questions increased. This was based less on the rational theology in the course of the Enlightenment than on a new, internalized, Pietist current. At the same time, there is a clear religious element in the student associations; so in 1814 the members of the " Teutsche Reading Society " in Gießen (forerunner of the Gießen blacks ) wore a cross on a black beret as a sign of their Christian principle, they advocated strict Christian morality and chastity in addition to national patriotism. The first Wartburg Festival in 1817 (on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of Luther's posting of the theses ) saw not only the burning of the “old braids”, but a much more central event, the common celebration of the Lord's Supper . So there was already a clear Protestant accent in the early fraternity endeavors. But in the course of the political radicalization and conflicts after the Karlsbad Decisions in 1819 and the Hambach Festival in 1832, the Christian motives were increasingly pushed back by the political, national and dueling within the student body.

Contrary to the political aspirations, the current of what was then called the “newly awakened life of faith” or neo-pietism spread among the student body . It was typically not an ecclesiastical movement, but developed in the 1830s in smaller, bourgeois circles and "edifying circles". For example , the most influential theologians in this direction of revival theology were August Neander and August Tholuck . The centers of this movement at the universities were initially Berlin, Halle, Erlangen and Bonn. At the Hessian State University in Giessen, on the other hand, lecturers of theological rationalism were represented almost exclusively ; Students with a background in revival theology from Hessen-Darmstadt began their studies at other universities until the 1830s. Students from Gießen are members of the early CStV Uttenruthia Erlangen in 1839, the Erbauungskränzchen in Jena in 1841 and the first Berlin Wingolf club in 1841.

Rosenbund 1841 and Allemannia 1844

Giessen wingolfit in old German costume , 1852

After her marriage to Karl Wilhelm Ludwig of Hesse in 1836, Princess Elisabeth of Prussia formed at the court and the court church in the residential city of Darmstadt, influenced by Berlin, for the “newly awakened life of faith”. Gustav Baur (1816–1889), who taught in 1841 as a private lecturer and in 1847 as professor of theology in Giessen, also grew up in this Darmstadt environment . His younger brother Wilhelm Baur (1826–1897) founded a Christian literary group at the Darmstadt grammar school from 1840/41, whose “federal brothers” particularly venerated the authors of the Göttingen Hainbund and Klopstock . With this literary character, the awakening-theological intention and the will to fraternize young people, this circle, the so-called "Rosenbund" , had a share in the spiritual roots of the later Wingolf connections. The members of the Rosenbund moved to the State University in Giessen from 1843 onwards. Here, however, they only met corps without a Christian element being represented. In 1844 they founded the fraternity reform association Allemannia, which rejected the duel and was based on Christianity. The Allemannia developed into a collecting basin for all those who rejected the previous life of connections in the course of the “ progress ”. This Allemannia made contact with the Bonner Wingolf in the same year and asked for a meeting "to break away from the corps troubles". This meant: rejection of duels , mensur and excessive drinking habits, instead striving for a Christian lifestyle. However, there was no further contact because the Allemannia split into three connections, including the Cattia of 1845, which was particularly dominated by theologians. The Cattia disbanded due to political differences after the revolution in March 1850; a member later joined the Giessen Wingolf as a spiritual successor association.

Founded in 1852

Gleiberg Castle

Gustav Baur retained his theological circle even after 1848. Another brother of his, Hermann Baur, moved to Giessen University in 1851 and a Wingolfite association was formed from this group. Central people were Otto Zöckler , who came from the Marburg grammar school (under August Vilmar ), and two members of the so-called "Nassauer Hof" (precursors of the Gießen fraternity, Germania, founded in 1851 ) Otto Schlapp and Friedrich Meyer . This still loose association was sponsored and supported by the rector of the University Friedrich Gotthilf Osann . The association made contact with the Wingolf in Halle and Marburg . After visiting the Wartburg Festival of Wingolf in Eisenach in 1852 and the foundation festival of the Hallenser Wingolf , at which the fellow travelers were enthusiastic about Tholuck's speech , the 14 members of the association decided to found a Wingolf. The statutes were adopted on August 1, 1852, and the foundation was established on August 15 in the restaurant "Zur Spießpforte" at Gleiberg Castle near Gießen , which has been called "Zum Schwarzen Walfisch" since around 1860. The principle, which was established in 1852 and is still valid today, is essentially non-denominational, just as the entire revival movement at that time was not confessional. The principle is:

“The Wingolf is a student association that has set itself the task of making faith in Christ, which should fill all humanity, into the basis through which it wants to purify and pervade both scientific activity and personal life on all sides. "

In contrast to other associations (including Wingolfs associations), the Giessen statutes put the management of the association in the hands of two presides (first (x) and second (xx) praeses ) who were newly elected every six weeks. The terms senior and pub attendant were explicitly avoided.

The first years until 1870

Letter from Ernst Moritz Arndt of January 2, 1860 to the Giessen Wingolf
Aktivitas ex-stroll 1863

The connection quickly became very popular, so in the fall of 1853 as the third batch that of the Cub Major was introduced. In contrast to other Wingolf connections, this is still called xxx . Regular meetings with the Bonner Wingolf were held in Burbach in Siegerland , with the Marburger Wingolf at Staufenberg Castle ( Staufenberg Convention ). Even August Tholuck visited a pub in Gießen in 1854 in order to deepen contacts with Halle. During the visits to Aktivitas in Bonn, the lectures of the emeritus Ernst Moritz Arndt were heard, with whom the Giessen Wingolf entered into correspondence. Arndt saw the Wingolf as an ally "against the old hereditary bugs of German universities" (duels and drinking bouts). As early as 1854 Gießen led the Kommers of the Wartburg Festival des Wingolf, in 1858 the association was given the presidency of the Wartburg Festival. In the same year, the first old men 's organization was constituted, which existed as the " Philistine Committee " until the actual Philistine Association was founded in 1871 and is the first old men' s organization in the Wingolfsbund.

Violent disputes in the connection led to a crisis in 1860/61, which was quickly resolved. As a counterweight to Giessen Senior Convent of Giessen Wingolf founded in the winter term 1861/62, together with the Giessen Fraternities Alemannia and Germania the Giessen-President-Convent (PC), which dissolved after two years due to content differences again.

The Wingolfsbund was hit hard by the political upheavals after the German War in 1866, as federal brothers fought against each other and the annexations of Prussia led to conflicts. In 1867 Gießen took over the chairmanship of the federation and tried to find a suitable balance between the individual association and the Wingolf federation with the draft of a completely new constitution for the Wingolfsbund. This Giessen design was accepted in 1869 and is still considered to be exemplary and trend-setting for the Wingolfsbund in its basic features.

Memorial stone in the old botanical garden of the University of Giessen

Several members had to take part in the Franco-German War of 1870/71 as combatants, field chaplains or hospital doctors. Of the three fallen members of the Gießen Ludwig University, in whose memory a monolith was erected in the Botanical Garden, two belonged to the Gießen Wingolf.

Empire

Fuxia by the Giessen Wingolf 1896

After the founding of the empire, the old rulers were brought together in a so-called "Frankfurter Philistertag" held in Frankfurt am Main in 1871 , which initially took place every two years and from 1890 annually. The “Wingolfsblätter”, which have since appeared in the Wingolfsbund, have intensified contact throughout Germany. The Giessen Wingolf joined forces with the Bonner and Marburger Wingolf in 1873 to form a convention (cartel); Since then, regular meetings have taken place regularly, initially in Limburg an der Lahn , and from 1890 in Diez as the Diezer Convention. Within the Wingolfsbund, there were fundamental disputes about the interpretation of the Christian principle and the rejection of the duel, even among members who, as officers, were satisfied with the weapon and thus the duel imposed by the then code of honor . A dispute between the Leipzig Wingolf and the Halle Wingolf led to the dissolution of the Wingolf Association. During this time, the Giessen Wingolf took over the provisional chairmanship of the Federation, organized the "Wartburg Festival without Wingolf Association" in 1878 and laid the foundation for the re-establishment two years later.

Color card for the 50th foundation festival

Often changing pubs and increasing activity led to the desire for a house of their own. On the occasion of the 40th foundation festival in 1892, the building was decided, in the following year the "Hessische Wingolfsverband eV" was founded as a developer and loans were acquired from the members. The foundation stone was laid on July 27, 1893, and only one year later the Wingolfshaus built by the Stein & Meyer architecture firm in the newly developed Wilhelmstrasse was inaugurated. With this, the Giessen Wingolf owned the third fraternity house in Giessen after the Corps Hassia and the Corps Teutonia Giessen.

The history of the Wingolfsbund had already been researched by the Giessener theologian and historian Hans Waitz and the establishment of a federal archive for the extensive files of the Wingolfsbund was called for. This was set up in the Giessen Wingolf House in the 1890s and enabled Waitz to publish the “History of the Wingolf Association” (1896, 1904 and 1926) and the “History of the Wingolf Association” (1913). Together with the heraldic publications by Hermann Knodt, the Giessen Wingolf is therefore the center of research into the history of Wingolf.

Weimar Republic

After the end of the First World War , political instabilities and difficult study conditions led to a politicization of the student body. From 1919 to 1921 a Christian-social movement found its way into the Giessen Wingolf. Although the association had always rejected a political position or a national principle as in the case of the fraternities in its history, as they were not compatible with the higher Christian principle, the convention in 1921, in protest of several older members , decided : “Wingolf demands nationality from its members Sentiment and educate them in the patriotic spirit ”. This path largely determined the development of the connection in the Weimar Republic . Wingolf and other Giessen corporations resigned from the German University Ring in 1922 because of its protest against the closure of Ludwig University as a result of the murder of Walther Rathenau . In 1924 the "Mitteilungen aus dem Gießener Wingolf", still published today, appeared for the first time. In order to alleviate the consequences of the economic crisis for socially disadvantaged students and to enable them to become a member of Wingolf, a special support fund, the “Sponsorship Fund”, was set up in 1929.

time of the nationalsocialism

The National Socialist seizure of power led to multiple areas of tension in the Giessen Wingolf. The Association Age Wingolfiten (VAW) continued to pressure the new rulers in each case with great concern the leadership principle (with the previous VAW-General Robert Roden Hauser as Wingolfsführer) and an Aryan paragraph by whose implementation rejected the Giessen Philistines association according to its own description, but due to the centralistic leadership of the VAW could not prevent. This led to the exclusion and withdrawal of some Philistines from the Giessen Wingolf. The active connection was shaped by a conflict between opponents and supporters of the dictatorship, which resulted in withdrawals on both sides. As a member of the Confessing Church, the then Fox Major Karl Zeiß tried to arm its members against political influences and organized a group of students who took part in the BK's illegal preachers' seminars in Frankfurt am Main; these were under threat of non-recognition of the theological examination. Other Wingolfites from Giessen, convinced of National Socialism, fought against the politically opposition-minded federal brothers. As a connection shaped by Protestant theologians, the Giessen Wingolf suffered from the church struggle between the Confessing Church and German Christians . This and the refusal of the required compulsory integration into the National Socialist German Student Union led to the postponement of the Giessen Wingolf on October 31, 1935. In contrast to other Wingolf associations, there was no brief transformation in Giessen into a Christian working group without a corporate form.

Memorial plaque for Ernst Steiner in Hausen near Gießen

The Philistine Association initially continued to exist because liquidation proceedings were made more difficult by the fact that it was the owner of the house. After the ban on student associations and the dissolution of the Wingolf Association on February 24, 1936, the Giessen Wingolf House became the central federal archive for all the Wingolf associations that had been dissolved, which is why the Federal Archives of Wingolfs Otto Imgart and his wife Dagmar Imgart moved into the house. After long negotiations about the house and the archive, the Philistine Association was dissolved on February 2, 1939. From then on, Wingolfite life in Giessen was limited to informal Philistine meetings that took place in the Wingolf House; the "Mitteilungen aus dem Gießener Wingolf" appeared under the cover name "Gleiberg 1852" until 1943.

Around the orientalist Alfred Kaufmann and other Wingolfites such as pastors Ernst Steiner and Adolph Kalbhenn, the so-called Kaufmann-Will-Kreis emerged from 1940 , a bourgeois group with resistance to the National Socialist dictatorship in Giessen in the form of systematic listening to foreign radio stations and oppositional discussions and boycott of Nazi collections. Dagmar Imgart , the wife of the federal archivist, urged the loosely organized meeting , who, as a staunch supporter of National Socialism , spied on the Secret State Police and, as an agent provocateur , enabled the arrest of the participants on February 6 and 7, 1942. As a result, Alfred Kaufmann and Heinrich Will were sentenced to death, Ernst Steiner and other participants were murdered by those in power.

Re-establishment after the Second World War

Schiffenberg Abbey , site of the re-establishment in 1948

After the Second World War , the occupying powers banned all German associations that had existed until then, including student associations. A possible re-establishment of the Giessen Wingolf was made more difficult, in addition to the turmoil within the Phil Championship due to the Nazi dictatorship, that the Hessian Ludwig University was dissolved due to the great destruction as the only university in West Germany and only a "Justus Liebig University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Veterinary medicine ”existed. The reconstitution of the Philistine Society was approved on September 12, 1946 by the authorities of the military government. The Wingolf House, which, unlike other corporation houses in Gießen, survived the bombings in 1944 and 1945 almost unscathed, was confiscated by the military government on April 30, 1947, which is why the Wingolf's Federal Archives had to be housed in an empty granary. In the following the house was renovated by the Americans and a youth center was built there (German Youth Activites, GYA). At the 95th foundation festival of the association in mid-August 1947, the Philistine Association unanimously stated its regret about the implementation of the race laws after 1933 and the resulting resignation of some Wingolfites and decided on a corresponding re-entry rule. The Philistine Board began the preparations for a re-establishment of the active connection, among other things with a leaflet campaign in May 1948 and two subsequent meetings with interested students. The festive re-establishment took place on December 4, 1948 with eight active members in the Schiffenberg monastery near Gießen .

Wingolf House 2013

Despite the increasing number of new members, it turned out to be difficult to organize a fraternity because the fraternity had neither its own house nor other premises. In consultation with the GYA, the house could be used for events; from 1951 a basement room was partially available. In February 1952, the Philistine Association was recognized as the legal owner of the house, but had to rent it to the GYA and, after its liquidation, the following year to the city of Giessen, which continued to use it as a youth home. Since October 1957, the house has been under the control of the Giessen Wingolf, who moved into it on November 9th of the same year after renovation work.

Newer development

In 1990 the Bonner, Marburg and Giessener Wingolf founded the “Diezer Convention”, which existed from 1873 to 1932 and sees itself as a substantive union with the aim of preserving the Christian and corporate values ​​of the Federation. The causes were the open questioning of the male union principle in Wingolf and the acceptance of unbaptized members in some Wingolf associations. In 1991, the Kiel Wingolf and the Wingolf Association Chattia zu Würzburg joined the convention, which has since met annually at the different university locations. A short time later, the convention members achieved that all Wingolf associations demand a clear commitment to Jesus Christ as their Lord from their members. The obligation of Christian baptism for all Wingolfites was rejected by the majority of the associations.

In the mid-1990s there were nationalistic tendencies in the Wingolf association Ottonia Magdeburg and in the Jenenser Wingolf, which aroused considerable resistance, especially from the Giessen and Freiburg Wingolf , who saw them as incompatible with the Wingolf idea and were unwilling to support it. The disputes temporarily threatened to lead to a new dispute of principles and came to an end in 1997 under the suburb of Giessen with the exclusion of Ottonia Magdeburg, which the Wingolf decided with a three-quarters majority.

In the summer of 2002, the Giessen Wingolf celebrated its 150th foundation festival with a speech by the then Thuringian Prime Minister Bernhard Vogel on the subject of "Academics - Capital for the Future" in the auditorium of the university.

Wingolf House

Stained glass on the house
Wingolf House 1895

The Giessen Wingolfshaus is located at Wilhelmstrasse 40 in the upper university quarter and serves as a connection as a corporation house and as a student residence with eleven rentable rooms. The listed building was built according to plans by the architects Stein & Meyer and was inaugurated on July 18, 1894 as one of the first houses in this quarter. After the Gießen Wingolfs dissolved in 1935, the Federal Archives of the Wingolf Association were set up on the pub floor; It was not until 1943 that the army administration confiscated part of the house and built a kindergarten for the National Socialist People's Welfare (NSV) there. Unlike other corporation houses in Gießen, the Wingolf House was only affected by bombs in the immediate vicinity by the air raid on December 6, 1944 , but was looted several times in the following period. Due to the widespread destruction of the inner city, municipal institutions - a registry office and a women's labor school - were housed on the house from then on. On April 30, 1947, the entire house was confiscated by the American military government, then renovated and used as a youth home (German Youth Activities, GYA). Since 1957 the building has been owned by the Giessen Wingolf again.

The Wingolfshaus is located on a slight elevation about 50 meters from Wilhelmstrasse and is separated from it by a park belonging to the property. It combines Renaissance style elements of late historicism and is determined by the risalit on the left , the columned hall with Tuscan order and the squat, octagonal tower with a French dome . The unifying feature is the tricolor consisting of light sandstone , warm reddish brown of the clinker brick and the earthy gray of the base . On the tower there is a square heraldic panel on which the coat of arms of the Giessen Wingolf is depicted. Behind the villa, built in the same material, there is a U-shaped adjoining room that contains a laundry room, a bowling alley and a drum floor and, together with the Wingolf house and the associated garden, forms a whole

Motto, color and coat of arms

The Giessen Wingolf has the following motto, which corresponds to the principle of the Wingolfsbund and was first used in 1848 by the Halle Wingolf :

"Δι᾽ ἑνὸς πάντα" - "Di henos panta!"
(Greek: through one - Jesus Christ - everything!), borrowed from the Bible passage ( Phil 4,13  Lut )

The color of the Giessen Wingolf consists of the black-white-gold ribbon with golden percussion (framing), a black student cap, the pointed collar and the golden federal pin of the Wingolfsbund. Foxes wear a black and gold ribbon , school foxes a gold and black ribbon, and connoisseurs a white, black and white ribbon. Inactive boys and Philistines can wear a barrel instead of a student hat . The compound's pub jackets and pekes are black. The colors of the connection correspond to those of the Wingolf Association and were first worn in 1845 by the Bonn Wingolf.

The current coat of arms of the Giessen Wingolf, which has existed since 1884, is a square shield with the following content: the Jerusalem cross at the top right, the Prussian eagle at the top left, the old Giessen city coat of arms that was valid until 1916 (a lion striding to the right from a winged little Gothic g) under a three-pointed crown) and a laurel wreath around the date of foundation on the lower left. In the center of the coat of arms is the middle shield with the tricolor of the Wingolfsbund.

  • Founding coat of arms 1852

  • Couleur mug 1865

  • since 1884 (coat of arms window)

Known members

  • Otto Zöckler

  • Jacob Volhard

  • Friedrich Meyer

  • Georg Schlosser

  • Theodor Schäfer (monument)

  • Ferdinand Kattenbusch

  • Friedrich Meyer (1832–1891), Lutheran theologian, rector of the Neuendettelsau Diakonissenanstalt
  • Otto Zöckler (1833–1906), Lutheran theologian, church historian
  • Jacob Volhard (1834–1910), chemist, chemical historian, student and biographer Justus von Liebigs
  • Julius Wilbrand (1839–1906), chemist
  • Georg Schlosser (1846–1926), evangelical theologian, pioneer of prison chaplaincy and internal mission
  • Theodor Schäfer (1846–1914), Lutheran theologian, pioneer in the care of the disabled
  • Ferdinand Kattenbusch (1851–1935), ev. Theologian, founder of denominational studies
  • Gustav Krüger (1862–1940), evangelical church historian, rector of the University of Giessen
  • Hans Waitz (1864–1942), evangelical theologian and church historian
  • Alfred Kaufmann (1868–1946), evangelical pastor and orientalist, founder of the Kaufmann-Will circle
  • August von Gall (1872–1946), evangelical theologian and orientalist
  • Otfried Praetorius (1878–1964), high school professor and genealogist
  • Karl Grein (1881–1957), evangelical theologian
  • Eduard Zentgraf (1882–1973), full professor of forest science
  • Ernst Steiner (1885–1942), evangelical pastor in Hausen near Gießen, murdered by the Gestapo in 1942
  • Ludwig Clemm (1893–1975), Hessian state historian and director of the Hessian State Archives in Darmstadt
  • Paul Schneider (1897–1939), evangelical pastor and martyr, "Preacher of Buchenwald"
  • Friedrich Maurer (1898–1984), Germanist, linguist, co-founder of the Institute for the German Language in Mannheim
  • Heinrich Steitz (1907–1998), evangelical theologian, church historian
  • Werner Strothmann (1907–1996), evangelical theologian, syrologist
  • Otto Völzing (1910–2001), prehistorian and excavator of the lion man
  • Karl Zeiß (1912–1994), ev. Pastor, pioneer of sports pastoral care, "Olympic pastor"
  • Karl Dienst (1930–2014), evangelical theologian and church historian
  • Ulrich Karthaus (* 1935), Germanist, literary scholar
  • Andreas Mehl (* 1945), Full Professor of Ancient History (University of Halle / S.)
  • Hans-Jürgen Irmer (* 1952), politician (CDU), resigned in 2000
  • Roland Freese (* 1958), forensic psychiatrist
  • Oliver Holtemöller (* 1971), economist (University of Halle / S.)

Source: Complete directory of Wingolfs, 1991

See also

literature

  • Anonymous: From the Wingolf , Halle 1853 (near Plötz), on the Giessen Wingolf: pp. 147–156
  • Anonymous: From the Wingolf - Eine Blüthenlese , Marburg 1860, 2nd edition Erlangen 1866, 3rd edition Halle / Erlangen 1875
  • Hans Waitz : History of the Wingolfbund communicated and presented from the sources . Darmstadt 1896, 2nd edition 1904, 3rd edition 1926 (Verlag Johannes Waitz)
  • Friedrich Waas: The Giessen Wingolf . In: Hans Waitz (Hrsg.): History of Wingolf connections , Darmstadt 1914 (Verlag Johannes Waitz)
  • Christian G. Schüttler: Festschrift for the 50th re-establishment of the Gießen Wingolf , Gießen 1998

Web links

Commons : Gießener Wingolf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ^ Karl Dienst : Politics and Religious Culture in Hesse and Nassau between 'State Change' (1918) and 'National Revolution' (1933): Causes and Consequences . Peter-Lang-Verlagsgruppe , Frankfurt 2010, ISBN 978-3-631-60469-4 , pp. 137-147
  2. ↑ Jürgen Setter: A short history of the connections in Giessen . Verlag Friesland, Sande , 1983 ISBN 978-3-9800773-0-9 , p. 30f
  3. ↑ Peter Kaupp: "All the world for a pleasant example" The Wartburg Festival of 1817 and its effects on the democratic German constitutions. (PDF) Retrieved February 17, 2017 .
  4. ↑ O. Imgart; in: From the Giessen Wingolf ; 14 (1938), No. 2, p. 44
  5. ↑ Detailed description of the Rosenbund in: Karl Esselborn (Ed.): Wilhelm Baur. Life memories ; Darmstadt 1911
  6. ↑ Jürgen Setter: A short history of the connections in Giessen . Verlag Friesland, Sande , 1983 ISBN 978-3-9800773-0-9 , pp. 39-40
  7. ↑ From the diaries of the stud. theol. Raillard ; in: Wingolfsnachrichten 1936, p. 80
  8. ↑ Herman Haupt : On the history of the Giessener Cattia (1845-1850) ; in: Burschenschaftliche Blätter, 17 (1902), pp. 25-30
  9. ↑ a b Friedrich Waas: History of the Giessen Wingolf. In: Hans Waitz (Hrsg.): History of the Wingolf connections. Darmstadt 1914, pp. 279-280.
  10. ↑ Municipality of Krofdorf-Gleiberg (ed.): Krofdorf-Gleiberg between tradition and progress: home book for the 1200th anniversary of the municipality of Krofdorf-Gleiberg . Giessen 1974 ISBN 978-3-9803023-1-9 , p. 140
  11. ↑ a b Friedrich Waas: History of the Giessen Wingolf. In: Hans Waitz (Hrsg.): History of the Wingolf connections. Darmstadt 1914, pp. 288-289.
  12. ^ Friedrich Waas: History of the Giessen Wingolfs. In: Hans Waitz (Hrsg.): History of the Wingolf connections. Darmstadt 1914, p. 294.
  13. ^ Anonymus: From the Wingolf - Eine Blüthenlese , Marburg 1860, 2nd edition Erlangen 1866, 3rd edition Halle / Erlangen 1875, pp. 197-198
  14. ^ Ernst Moritz Arndt Society: Letters from Ernst Moritz Arndt. Retrieved February 26, 2017 .
  15. ^ Friedrich Waas: History of the Giessen Wingolfs. In: Hans Waitz (Hrsg.): History of the Wingolf connections. Darmstadt 1914, pp. 295-296.
  16. ↑ a b c Friedrich Waas: History of the Giessen Wingolfs. In: Hans Waitz (Hrsg.): History of the Wingolf connections. Darmstadt 1914, pp. 300-301.
  17. ↑ a b c d Jürgen Setter: A short history of the connections in Giessen . Verlag Sande Friesland, 1983 ISBN 978-3-9800773-0-9 , p. 217
  18. ↑ Anonymous: From the Wingolf - Eine Blüthenlese , 3rd edition Halle / Erlangen 1875
  19. ↑ a b Friedrich Waas: History of the Giessen Wingolf. In: Hans Waitz (Hrsg.): History of the Wingolf connections. Darmstadt 1914, pp. 301-303.
  20. ^ Friedrich Waas: History of the Giessen Wingolfs. In: Hans Waitz (Hrsg.): History of the Wingolf connections. Darmstadt 1914, p. 298.
  21. ↑ Oliver Janz : Citizens of a special kind. Evangelical pastors in Prussia 1850–1914 . Berlin, New York 1994. (Publications of the Historical Commission in Berlin, Vol. 87), Verlag Walter de Gruyter ISBN 978-3-11-014140-5 , p. 183
  22. ↑ a b Building description and photographs at Wilhelmstrasse 40, Gießen  in the German Digital Library . Retrieved February 26, 2017
  23. ↑ Jürgen Setter: A short history of the connections in Giessen . Verlag Sande Friesland, 1983 ISBN 978-3-9800773-0-9 , p. 208
  24. ^ Margarete Schneider: Paul Schneider - The preacher of Buchenwald. Newly edited by Elsa-Ulrike Ross and Paul Dieterich . SCM Hänssler, Holzgerlingen 2014, ISBN 978-3-7751-5550-2 . In epub format: ISBN 978-3-7751-7210-3
  25. ↑ Resolution quoted from: Bruno W. Reimann: Avant-garde des Faschismus: Student body and striking connections at the University of Giessen 1918–1937 . Peter-Lang-Verlagsgruppe , 2007 ISBN 978-3-631-55610-8 , pp. 182-187
  26. ↑ Bruno W. Reimann: Avant-garde of fascism: student body and striking connections at the University of Giessen 1918-1937 . Peter-Lang-Verlagsgruppe , 2007 ISBN 978-3-631-55610-8 , pp. 76-80
  27. ↑ Otto Weimar (Ed.): From the Gießener Wingolf , 5th year, No. 4, July 1, 1929
  28. ↑ Eva Chr. Gottschaldt (ed.): "That is the deed of our wonderful leader." The Christian student associations Wingolf and National Socialism in the mirror of the association press. A documentation (= Marburg Contributions to the Past and Present of Student Associations, Vol. 4). Marburg 1997, ISBN 3-926295-08-2 , pp. 79-86
  29. ↑ Kurt Meier : "The theological faculties in the Third Reich". Verlag Walter de Gruyter , Berlin, New York 1996. ISBN 978-3-11-013761-3 , pp. 275-281
  30. ↑ Hans Christhard Mahrenholz : Introduction of the Aryan principle in Wingolf after 1933. Once and now. Yearbook of the Association for Corporate Student History Research, Vol. 27, 1982, pp. 127-134.
  31. ↑ Christian G. Schüttler: Festschrift for the 50th re-establishment of the Gießen Wingolf , Gießen 1998. p. 29
  32. ^ A b Karl Dienst : Between Science and Church Politics: on the importance of university theology for the identity of a regional church in the past and present . Peter-Lang-Verlagsgruppe, 2009 ISBN 978-3-631-58365-4 , pp. 41-42
  33. ↑ a b c A "castle" with an eventful history. In: Gießener Allgemeine Zeitung . August 19, 2011, accessed February 8, 2017 .
  34. ↑ Christian G. Schüttler: Festschrift for the 50th re-establishment of the Giessen Wingolf , Giessen 1998. pp. 29–30
  35. ↑ Eva Chr. Gottschaldt (ed.): "That is the deed of our wonderful leader." The Christian student associations Wingolf and National Socialism in the mirror of the association press. A documentation (= Marburg Contributions to the Past and Present of Student Associations, Vol. 4). Marburg 1997, ISBN 3-926295-08-2 , p. 146
  36. ^ Christian G. Schüttler: Festschrift for the 50th re-establishment of the Giessen Wingolf , Giessen 1998. pp. 30–31
  37. ↑ Hedwig Brüchert-Schunk: Examples of bourgeois resistance in Hesse: The Heinrich Roos Circle of Friends in Wiesbaden and the Kaufmann-Will Circle in Giessen . In: Renate Knigge-Tesche Axel Ulrich (Ed.): Persecution and Resistance in Hesse 1933–1945 . Frankfurt / M. 1996 ISBN 978-3-8218-1735-4 , pp. 508-524.
  38. ^ Kurt Heyne: Resistance in Giessen and the surrounding area 1933–1945 . Announcements from the Upper Hessian History Association, Giessen, New Series 71, Giessen 1986 (on the Kaufmann-Will-Kreis p. 216 ff)
  39. ↑ Jochem Schäfer: Goethe and his late work "Wilhelm Meisters Wanderjahre" in the light of the resistance against National Socialism: The German Hiking Day 1927 in Herborn and its consequences . Books on Demand , June 2011 (on the Kaufmann-Will-Kreis p. 59) ISBN 978-3-8423-4428-0
  40. ↑ Christian G. Schüttler: Festschrift for the 50th re-establishment of the Giessen Wingolf , Giessen 1998. pp. 35–36
  41. ^ Stadtarchiv Gießen (StAG), in file no.N 2351
  42. ↑ Giessener Freie Presse , August 30, 1947, No. 117, p. 3
  43. ^ Christian G. Schüttler: Festschrift for the 50th re-establishment of the Giessen Wingolf , Giessen 1998. P. 36–40
  44. ↑ Christian G. Schüttler: Festschrift for the 50th re-establishment of the Giessen Wingolf , Giessen 1998. pp. 42–44
  45. ↑ 100 years of Freiburg Wingolf: Festschrift. P. 11
  46. ↑ Documentation of individual aspects on this in: Eva Chr. Gottschaldt: No escape from lines of argumentation of the Antifa. How the Wingolfsbund deals with right-wing extremist tendencies in its own ranks. Little documentation. In: Project “Conservatism and Science e. V. “(Ed.): Connecting associations. A reader on the political and social functions of student associations (=  Marburg contributions to the past and present of student associations, vol. 5). Marburg 2000 ISBN 978-3-9807550-0-9 pp. 28–42 ( PDF ( Memento of the original from 23 September 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.antifa-ak.de
  47. ↑ Dietrich Heither “something lazy in the Wingolfsbund”, in Forum Wissenschaft I / 1997, page 63 ff
  48. ^ Bernhard Vogel : Academics - Capital for the future. (PDF) Speech by the Thuringian Prime Minister at the academic ceremony for the 150th Foundation Festival of the Giessen Wingolf on June 1, 2002 in the auditorium of the Justus Liebig University Giessen. Retrieved February 10, 2017 .
  49. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Hesse : Wingolf liaison house. Retrieved February 6, 2017 .
  50. ↑ Eva Chr. Gottschaldt (ed.): "That is the deed of our wonderful leader." The Christian student associations Wingolf and National Socialism in the mirror of the association press. A documentation (= Marburg Contributions to the Past and Present of Student Associations, Vol. 4). Marburg 1997, ISBN 3-926295-08-2 , p. 14
  51. ↑ Hans Keller: History of the Bonner Wingolfs . in: Hans Waitz : History of the Wingolfs connections . Darmstadt 1914, p. 106
  52. ^ Website of the university town of Giessen: The coat of arms of the city of Giessen. Retrieved February 6, 2017 .

Coordinates: 50 ° 34 ′ 34.46 "  N , 8 ° 40 ′ 18.08"  E