Hechlingen am See

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Hechlingen am See
Heidenheim market
Coat of arms of Hechlingen am See
Coordinates: 48 ° 58 ′ 41 ″  N , 10 ° 43 ′ 59 ″  E
Height : 468–499 m above sea level NN
Area : 17.29 km²
Residents : 578  (Jun 30, 2008)
Population density : 33 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : May 1, 1978
Postal code : 91719
Area code : 09833
Hechlingen am See
Hechlingen am See

Hechlingen am See is a district of the Markt Heidenheim in the central Franconian district of Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen ( Bavaria ).

Geographical location

Hechlingen is located in the Franconian Alb southwest of the Hahnenkamm in the Rohrach valley , a tributary of the Wörnitz . The Hahnenkammsee extends south of the village in the Altmühltal Nature Park . The state roads St 2284 and St 2216 meet in the village . The "Enduro-Park Hechlingen", a training area for motorcycles in a former quarry, is located near the village. To the east of the village lies the St. Katharina chapel ruin . There are numerous springs in the vicinity. The Rote Berg rises to the west and the Hungerberg to the south . To the north is the Steinerne Rinne near Hechlingen .

Prehistoric time

As archaeological evidence shows, the place was settled as early as the Middle and Neolithic . Several burial mounds in the Hechlinger Flur are known from the Hallstatt period.

history

A “Villa rustica” was found in the “Ochsenwiesen” district of Hechling; Hechlingen is about 10 kilometers south of the Limes . An old or Roman road passed near the village.

Hechlingen is likely to be a foundation of the Alemannic-Juthungian conquest of the 4th or 5th century from the Ries ; this is indicated by the ending "-ingen" of the place name. The place was first mentioned in a document but only in 899, when King Arnulf of Carinthia gave the Eichstätter Church Eigengut (or Königslehen) des Cozpendet and Theotger, among other things, to “Hachilinga”. Hechlingen is therefore associated with one of the oldest known Bavarian noble families , the Hahilinga . These are mentioned in the Lex Baiuvariorum , in which the old popular law of the Baier tribal duchy from 635 onwards, alongside the Trozza , Huosi , Fagana , Anniona and the ducal family of the Agilolfinger , and were thus one of the six Bavarian progenitor families. Strikingly, the town of Hüssingen can be found in the immediate vicinity , which may be traced back to the Huosi family. Today it belongs to Westheim , also just a few kilometers away , where an early Merovingian burial ground was found. Possibly the places Hechlingen and Hüssingen were the most north-westerly outposts of the Bavarian sphere of interest, while the settlement near Westheim was the counterpart on the Franconian side. Robert Schuh sees the place name based on the personal name "Hachil (-o, -i)" as a member of the Hahilinga clan.

Between 1057 and 1075, the Eichstatt Bishop Gundekar II consecrated a church to "Hachelingun". In 1301 King Albrecht I pledged the place with other villages of the Sammenheim office to his uncle, Count Ludwig von Oettingen . In 1319 the Auhausen monastery received property in “Hehchelingn” (later there were a total of 6 estates), and in 1334 the Heidenheim monastery , which already owned the Meierhof. From the Salbuch of the Heidenheim monastery from 1400 it can be seen that the monastery was the most important landlord in Hechlingen. At the end of the 14th century, the Pappenheimers came to own property in the village. In the first half of the 15th century, taxes from the village to the Nuremberg-Burggräfliche (later Ansbachisch-Margräfliche) Amt Hohentrüdingen can be proven; In 1404 the burgraves acquired the Hohentrüdinger rule by buying it. At this time, the Heidenheim monastery lent several properties in Hechlingen for inheritance rights; In addition, in 1475 and 1504 Hechlinger property income from the chapel founded in 1423 was transferred to Mariabrunn . In 1457, the Eichstatt Bishop Johann confirmed the establishment of an early mass at the St. Catherine's Chapel near "Hachling"; the parish church of St. Lucia and Ottilie is mentioned as the patronage of Eichstätt in 1458. In 1524 the Oettingen Order of the Teutonic Order exchanged their property in Hechlingen with the Auhausen Monastery.

In 1525, farmers from Hechling took part in the peasant uprisings; when these were defeated by Margrave Casimir, Hechlingen had to pay high fines. After the Reformation (in Hechlingen in 1533) and the secularization of the monasteries in Heidenheim (1537) and Auhausen (1534), the Margraves of Brandenburg acquired from Hechlingen land had high jurisdiction and full protection of the church and the lower jurisdiction over essential parts of the village inside; the empires were still to be given to the Brandenburg caste office in Hohentrüdingen and the Brandenburg cloister administration offices in Heidenheim and Auhausen; But riches also went to Pappenheim / Treuchtlingen and to the Oettingsche Amt Sammenheim (status 1616); Despite the Brandenburg power, the Oettinger never dropped their claim to high jurisdiction in Hechlingen. As a so-called Freidorf , Hechlingen was able to preserve rural lower court autonomy with the annual rug court . These ownership and legal relationships essentially remained until the end of the Holy Roman Empire . In 1800 it is said that 81 subjects in Hechlingen belong to the former Ansbach (since 1792 Prussian) Oberamt Hohentrüdingen and 40 subjects are "foreign masters".

In 1806 Hechlingen fell to the Kingdom of Bavaria with the former Ansbach-Brandenburg rule. In 1808 a tax district of Hechlingen was formed, which also included the Hasenmühle and the Stahlmühle ; this was in the district court Heidenheim of the Rezatkreis , the forerunner of the administrative region Middle Franconia. In 1810 Hechlingen became a rural community (= rural community), which also included the Balsenmühle and the Scheckenmühle . Due to the municipal edict of 1818, the rural community of Hechlingen lost these two mills again. In the course of the regional reform in Bavaria , the municipality lost its independence and was incorporated into Markt Heidenheim with its districts Hasenmühle and Stahlmühle on May 1, 1978 .

From around 1965 Hechlingen developed from a pure farming village to a residential community and a tourist destination. From 1971 to 1983/84 a land consolidation procedure and a village renovation were carried out. With the construction of the Hahnenkammsee, the place name was given the addition of "am See" by the state. In 1990 the village was given the title “State Recognized Resort”.

Population numbers

  • 1818: 828 inhabitants
  • 1824: 826 inhabitants, 163 residential buildings
  • 1867: 905 inhabitants, 207 buildings, church, school, bridge over the Rohrach
  • 1950: 756 inhabitants, 156 residential buildings
  • 1961: 736 inhabitants, 166 residential buildings
  • 1970: 717 inhabitants
  • 1979: 717 inhabitants

church

Evangelical parish church of St. Lucia and Ottilie

A first church building was probably consecrated in 1061. Before that there should have been a wooden church. Today's Evangelical Lutheran parish church of St. Lucia and Ottilie consists of a nave from 1868 to 1872 with galleries; the five-storey choir tower with a pointed helmet over four gables comes from the previous building from 1491. Of the neo-Gothic furnishings, the altar and pulpit from 1860 by Anselm Sickinger , which come from the demolished Evangelical cemetery chapel in Kaufbeuren , should be mentioned. The style adjustment of the interior of the church that took place during a renovation in 1959 was reversed during a further renovation from 1985 to 1989.

Attractions

The entrance to the Hechlinger Hohlweg
Catherine Chapel
  • The castle Stahelsberg on the south located Schlossberg ( 528.3  m above sea level.  NN ), of which is only seen with moat, a wall is mentioned in 1197 with Rupertus of Stahelsberg first time. Inside the castle courtyard are the foundation walls of a church of the Cistercian monastery Stahelsberg , which was moved to Zimmer im Ries .
  • The Katharinenkapelle , a former pilgrimage church in Oettingen , was built before 1450. The ruin stands on the eastern Kappelbuck (Kapellenberg; 585.5  m above sea level ).
  • The Hechlinger Hohlweg , also known as Schafgasse, which leads to the Kapellenberg, is 250 meters long and up to nine meters deep, making it one of the largest hollow ways in the region.
  • The restored foundations of a Roman estate (villa Rustica) can be seen between Hechlingen and Hüssingen .
  • Approximately one kilometer north of Hechlingen and southeast of the Scheckenmühle district is the approximately 15-meter-long Steinerne Gully of Hechlingen .
  • The blood channel near Hechlingen , a Celtic sanctuary south of Hechlingen

Soil monuments

See: List of soil monuments in Heidenheim (Middle Franconia)

literature

Web links

Commons : Hechlingen am See  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lutz, pp. 18-22
  2. ↑ Lutz, p. 24f
  3. ↑ Lutz, p. 33
  4. ↑ Schuh, pp. 125f .; Lutz, p. 48f
  5. ^ Wilhelm Störmer: The Baiuwaren. From the Great Migration to Tassilo III. 1st edition. CH Beck, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-406-47981-2 ; Similar considerations were made by Ernst Schwarz as early as 1949: The Bavarian conquest of Regensburg as reflected in the names of peoples and places , p. 67
  6. ↑ Schuh, p. 126
  7. ↑ Lutz, p. 68
  8. ↑ 1250 years Heidenheim, p. 99
  9. ↑ Lutz, p. 74
  10. ↑ Lutz, p. 81
  11. ↑ Historical Atlas, p. 62
  12. ↑ This section mainly based on Schuh, pp. 125f
  13. ↑ a b c d Historical Atlas, p. 234
  14. ↑ a b c Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 731 .
  15. ↑ Lutz, pp. 11, 108, 145f
  16. ↑ J. Heyberger and others: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria together with an alphabetical local dictionary. Munich 1867, column 1038
  17. ^ Official register of places for Bavaria 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census. Munich 1964, column 785
  18. ↑ Schuh, p. 125
  19. ^ Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. Bavaria I: Franconia. 2nd edition, Munich: Deutscher Kunstverlag 1999, p. 433; Johann Schrenk / Karl Friedrich Zink: God's houses . Treuchtlingen / Berlin: wek-Verlag 2008, pp. 92–94
  20. ↑ Schloßberg map services of the BfN
  21. ↑ Kapellenberg map services of the BfN