Kalush

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Kalush
Калуш
Kalush coat of arms
Kalush (Ukraine)
Kalush
Kalush
Basic data
Oblast : Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
Rajon : District-free city
Height : 318 m
Area : 65 km²
Residents : 67,887 (2005)
Population density : 1,044 inhabitants per km²
Postcodes : 77300-77309
Area code : +380 3472
Geographic location : 49 ° 1 ′  N , 24 ° 22 ′  E Coordinates: 49 ° 1 ′ 0 ″  N , 24 ° 22 ′ 0 ″  E
KOATUU : 2622800000
Administrative structure : 1 city
Mayor : Ihor Nassalyk
Address: вул. Гагаріна 1
77300 м. Калуш
Website : http://kalush.osp-ua.info/
Statistical information
Kalush (Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast)
Kalush
Kalush
i1

Kalush (also Kalusa ; Ukrainian and Russian Калуш ; Polish Kałusz ; Yiddish קאַלוש / Kalush or Kalish , German also Kallusch ) is a city in the Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast in western Ukraine . The city lies at the foot of the Carpathian Mountains , in an area that is part of the historic Galicia landscape .

Views from the place

Administrative classification

The city is the center of the Kalush Rajon , but administratively not part of it.

climate

The climate is temperate continental , humid with cool summers and relatively mild winters. The annual precipitation is 600–800 mm.

history

Map of Kalush 1889

Kalush largely shares the history of Ukraine , Galicia and Poland .

The name of the city, which probably comes from the word kalyushi for salt, was first mentioned in 1437. 1549 the city received in Volyn by the Polish King Sigismund II. August the Magdeburg rights and has since been a "free city". There was an important Jewish community in the village since the 16th century . In 1772 the city and Galicia became part of the Habsburg Empire , from 1867 to 1918 Kalush belonged to Austria-Hungary and from 1850 was the seat of the district administration of the Kałusz district , from 1867 the seat of a district court was added. Its salt industry resulted in particularly rapid population growth in the 19th century.

Kalush was largely destroyed during the First World War .

Kalush in 1917

In 1919 Kalush was briefly part of the West Ukrainian People's Republic . Due to the peace of Riga , Kalush became part of Poland and was from 1921 in the Stanislaw Voivodeship . In 1939 the area was occupied by the Soviet Union due to the Hitler-Stalin Pact and many Poles were deported to Siberia . From 1941 to 1944 western Ukraine was occupied by the German army . The district of Galicia was formed from the occupied territory and became part of the Generalgouvernement .

Up to this time, many different ethnic groups with different cultures and religions lived in the city. The population consisted mainly of Ukrainians , Poles and Jews. The extermination of the Jewish population organized by the Germans , for which SS-Hauptsturmführer Hans Krüger was responsible, marked the end of the multilingual ethnic mix typical of East Galicia. After the end of the Second World War , the Soviet Union forcibly relocated the Polish population to Poland, so that today the city is mostly inhabited by Ukrainians , alongside a few Russians .

Since 1940 the city has been the center of the Kalush Rajon of the same name , on March 20, 1972 the city was placed under Oblast Administration by the Rajons, since then it is no longer administratively part of the Rajons.

Attractions

economy

Kalusch is an important industrial center in the region. The most important companies are the chemical plants Karpatneftechim (petrochemicals) and Oriana-Galew (potash fertilizers). One of the oldest breweries (founded in 1649), Kaluskyi Brovar, is also located in the town of Kalush . There is a potash deposit nearby .

Due to the large number of highly skilled workers, unemployment in 2006 was only 3.6%.

traffic

Kalush has good road connections to Lviv (130 km) and Kiev (560 km). The city lies on the railway line Stryj – Ivano – Frankivsk, which opened in 1875 . Local traffic is handled by buses and marshrutkas .

education

In addition to several higher schools, there is a polytechnic university called Kaluskyj politechnitschnyj koledsch / Калуський політехнічний коледж.

Town twinning

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Kalusch  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Reichsgesetzblatt of October 8, 1850, No. 383, page 1741