List of stumbling blocks in Costa di Rovigo

Stumbling blocks in Costa di Rovigo in memory of the Buchaster family, including 5-year-old Manfred, who was picked up by SS men after his grandmother had already been murdered in a gas chamber in Auschwitz.

The list of stumbling blocks in Costa di Rovigo includes the stumbling blocks in the Italian town of Costa di Rovigo in Veneto . They are intended to remember the fate of the people from this region who were murdered, deported, expelled or driven to suicide by the German National Socialists . The Stolpersteine, called pietre d'inciampo in Italian , were laid by Gunter Demnig on January 19, 2016.

Costa di Rovigo

No resident Jews fell victim to the Holocaust in Costa di Rovigo , but rather those who immigrated or were assigned during the turmoil of Nazi rule in large parts of Europe.

Carlo Gruen had to leave Ljubljana on the instructions of the Italian fascists, but subsequently lived safely in Costa di Rovigo until the National Socialists took power. The Buchaster family, who fled here from Leipzig, was able to accommodate their 5-year-old son or grandson Manfred with a family before the parents and grandparents were deported to Auschwitz by the German armed forces . However, in an effort to exterminate all Jews, German SS men returned to the small town to pick up the little boy.

At the time of the German takeover, ten of Feige and Haim Buchaster's 13 children were still living in Italy. The Nazi regime succeeded in murdering the parents, two sons and two grandsons. The vast majority of the descendants of the Buchasters survived the Shoah, however, and fought to rebuild the state of Israel. The fate of the family vividly shows how closely the German racial madness was linked to the founding of the state of Israel .

Directory of stumbling blocks

image	Surname	Location	Life
	Feige Buchaster (nee Hasenlauf)	Via Giacomo Matteotti 42	Feige Rachel Hasenlauf was born on March 15, 1880 in Bochnia ( Austria-Hungary ). She was the daughter of Elias Simon Borgenicht (1842-1916) and Ryfka Hasenlauf (1845-1925). She had five siblings, whose fate is largely unknown, with the exception of the two brothers Majer Borgenicht (1866–1937) and Chaim Josef Hasenlauf (1872–1937), who both died before the Holocaust . She married Haim Leib Buchaster, who also came from Bochnia. The couple must have moved to Leipzig relatively quickly, because all of their 13 children were born there: Hermann Osias (born December 28, 1904) married Scheindla Sally Goldstein and had a son with her. Tony (born July 3, 1906), who married Bernard Goldberg and had two sons. Jakob (born October 13, 1907) married Paula Speyer and had a son, Manfred. Israel (born January 5, 1909) died on April 19, 1909. Kalman Mandel (born January 27, 1910) died on February 8, 1910. Marie (born April 9, 1911) married Hermann Zvi Stienmesser and had a son. Nathan (born September 13, 1912) married Zvia Lotte Segall and had two children, including at least one son. Bertha (born October 27, 1913) married Moshe Moritz Bromberger and had two children with him. Leon David (born January 31, 1915) died on June 28, 1924. Eliyahu (born December 28, 1916) married Caroline Buchaster and probably had six children. He died on April 16, 2006 in Kvutzat Yavne, Israel. Zeev Wolf Isaak (born March 9, 1920) married Riva Green and had two children with her. Ester Elsa (born June 17, 1921) was married twice and had four children. Simi Selma (born January 7, 1923) married a man named Kauftheil and had two children with him. In 1939 she fled to Milan with her husband. They stayed there until 1940, when Feigel and Haim wanted to flee to Palestine, where there were already six of their children. The attempt to escape failed: they were on board a ship that was stopped by Italian forces in the Libyan port of Benghazi and sent back from Africa to Calabria. They were interned in the Ferramonti di Tarsia internment camp. Jakob, Paula and Manfred were already there. The Buchaster family came to Costa di Rovigo, here they were subject to the internamento libero , the so-called free internment, the place was not allowed to be left, but they were allowed to move freely within the place. The family lived here for two peaceful years, from autumn 1941 to autumn 1943. After the armistice of September 8, 1943 and the subsequent German invasion, the appearance of peace broke. On December 3, 1943, the Buchaster family were arrested and transferred to Rovigo Prison. The refusal of the head of the detention center to accept children initially saved Manfred, Feigel's grandson. Feigel's husband Haim was too ill and was admitted to a hospital, but was also deported in 1944. On June 24, 1944, Feigel, Jakob and Paula were transferred to the Fossoli transit camp and on June 26, 1944, deported to the Auschwitz extermination camp on Transport No. 13 . The train arrived there on June 30, 1944. Feigel Buchaster was murdered immediately upon arrival. Two of her sons were also murdered by the Nazi regime, Hermann Buchaster on October 31, 1942 in Auschwitz (his wife there in 1943 and his 10-year-old son Bernhard in 1944) and Jakob Buchaster, also in Auschwitz in 1944. Eight of their children were able to get to safety in time, seven allegedly to Palestine. Daughter Tony died in New York in 1982, everyone else died in Israel, some of them at biblical age: Nathan 1965, Marie 1991, Zeev Wolf 1999, Simi Selma 2003, Eliyahu 2006 and Ester Elsa 2011.
	Haim Leib Buchaster	Via Giacomo Matteotti 42	Haim Leib Buchaster was born on September 20, 1877 in Bochnia ( Austria-Hungary ). He was the son of Jacob Buchaster and he married Feigel Hasenlauf, who also came from Bochnia. The couple had thirteen children, eight sons and five daughters. Two of the sons died in childbed and a third at the age of nine. Two other sons, a daughter-in-law and two grandsons were victims of the Shoah . The other eight children managed to emigrate to Palestine in time. In 1925 he was a member of the newly founded Association of Jüdischer Reisender zu Leipzig , the association's office was initially at Haim Buchaster at Nordstrasse 3. In 1939, Haim and his wife fled to Milan. They stayed there until 1940, when Haim and Feigel wanted to flee to Palestine, where there were already six of their children. The attempt to escape failed: they were on board a ship that was stopped by Italian forces in the Libyan port of Benghazi and sent back from Africa to Calabria. The couple was then interned in the Ferramonti di Tarsia internment camp. His son Jakob was already there with his wife and child. The Buchaster family came to Costa di Rovigo, here they were subject to the internamento libero , the so-called free internment, the place was not allowed to be left, but they were allowed to move freely within the place. The family spent two peaceful years here, from autumn 1941 to autumn 1943. After the armistice of September 8, 1943 and the subsequent German invasion, the appearance of peace broke. On December 3, 1943, the Buchaster family were arrested and transferred to Rovigo Prison. The refusal of the head of the detention center to accept children initially saved Manfred, Haim's grandson. Haim was admitted to hospital because of his health. In 1944 he was finally deported. Haim Leib Buchaster did not survive the Shoah. His wife, Jakob and Paula were transferred to the Fossoli transit camp on June 24, 1944 , and deported to the Auschwitz extermination camp on June 26, 1944 on Transport No. 13 . The train arrived there on June 30, 1944. Haim's wife Feigel Buchaster was murdered immediately upon arrival. His sons Herrmann and Jakob as well as his grandsons Bernhard and Manfred did not survive the Shoah either.
	Jakob Buchaster	Via Giacomo Matteotti 42	Jakob Buchaster was born as the son of Haim Leib Buchaster and Feige Hasenlauf on October 13, 1900 in Leipzig . He married Paula Falek in 1936. In 1937 Jakob moved with Paula in Humboldstr. 9 in Leipzig. In 1938 their son Manfred was born. Jakob did not receive any exit documents for the USA for himself or his family. He fled to Italy with his wife and son in 1939, where they were interned in the Ferramonti di Tarsia internment camp. His parents, whose escape to Palestine also failed, ended up in this internment camp. The five members of the Buchaster family came to Costa di Rovigo, here they were subject to the internamento libero , the so-called free internment, the place was not allowed to be left, but they were allowed to move freely within the place. The family lived here for two peaceful years, from autumn 1941 to autumn 1943. After the armistice of September 8, 1943 and the subsequent German invasion, the appearance of peace broke. On December 3, 1943, the Buchaster family were arrested and transferred to Rovigo Prison. The refusal of the head of the detention center to accept children initially saved Manfred, Jacob's son. He was housed with neighbors, the Giuriola family. Jacob's father Haim was taken to a hospital because of his condition (he was deported in 1944). On June 24, 1944, Jakob, Paula and Feigel were transferred to the Fossoli transit camp and deported on June 26, 1944 with Transport No. 13 to the Auschwitz extermination camp . The train arrived there on June 30, 1944. Jakob came to the men's camp in Birkenau, among other things he worked in the clay pit. He was still alive on September 29, 1944. Jakob Buchaster did not survive the Shoah. His wife Paula had been transported to Bergen-Belsen, where she was liberated on April 15, 1945. Jakob's son was picked up from the neighbors by the SS in July 1944 and was also murdered. For Jakob Buchaster, his wife and son Manfred, there are three stumbling blocks in Leipzig at their former home address.
	Manfred Buchaster	Via Giacomo Matteotti 42	Manfred Buchaster was born on September 19, 1939 in Leipzig, his parents were Jakob and Paula Buchaster. The family lived in Leipzig at Humboldtstrasse 9. After the family did not receive any exit papers for the USA, the family fled to Italy in 1939, where they were interned in the Ferramonti di Tarsia internment camp. Manfred's grandparents also end up in this internment camp. The Buchaster family came to Costa di Rovigo subject to internamento libero (free internment). Manfred lived here with his family for the next two years, from 1941 to 1943. After the German invasion, the Buchaster family were arrested on December 3, 1943. The prison director refused to admit the child and Manfred can be accommodated with neighbors, the Giuriola family. Manfred's parents and grandmother were deported. In July 1944, Manfred was also picked up by the SS. Manfred Buchaster did not survive the Shoah. Stumbling blocks in Leipzig for Manfred Buchaster and his parents Manfred's mother survived the Shoah. In October 2006, the public library of Costa di Rovigo was named after him in memory of Manfred Buchaster. Furthermore, there are three more stumbling blocks for the family in Leipzig in front of the former residential address.
	Paula Buchaster (née Falek)	Via Giacomo Matteotti 42	Paula Buchaster, nee Falek, was born on July 26, 1912 in Dresden. She was married to Jakob Buchaster from 1936. In 1937 their son Manfred was born. After the family did not receive any exit documents for the USA, the three fled to Italy, where they were interned in the Ferramonti di Tarsia internment camp. Her in-laws, who also failed to flee to Palestine, ended up in this internment camp some time later. The five members of the Buchaster family came to Costa di Rovigo, here they were subject to the internamento libero , the so-called free internment, the place was not allowed to be left, but they were allowed to move freely within the place. The family lived here for two peaceful years, from autumn 1941 to autumn 1943. After the armistice of September 8, 1943 and the subsequent German invasion, the appearance of peace broke. On December 3, 1943, the Buchaster family were arrested and transferred to Rovigo Prison. The refusal of the head of the detention center to accept children initially saved Manfred, Paula's son. He was housed with neighbors, the Giuriola family. On June 24, 1944, Paula, Jakob and Feigel were transferred to the Fossoli transit camp and on June 26, 1944 deported to the Auschwitz extermination camp on Transport No. 13 . The train arrived there on June 30, 1944. Paula was deported from here to Bergen-Belsen. There she was liberated on April 15, 1945. She emigrated to the USA and remarried there, Hermann Speier, who had also emigrated. The couple had a daughter, Sandy. She died on January 13, 1994 in New York. Daughter Sandy researched the history of the Buchaster family, especially that of her half-brother Manfred. Her husband Jakob was sent to the men's camp in Birkenau and did not survive. Their son Manfred did not survive the Shoah either. For Paula Buchaster, her husband and son Manfred, there are three stumbling blocks in Leipzig in front of their former home address.
	Carl Gruen	Via Umberto I.	Carl Gruen was born in Vienna in 1894. He lived with his wife Mira and his son in the Slovenian city of Ljubljana . After the invasion of the Axis powers in Yugoslavia, the family was ordered, Ljubljana was under Italian occupation, to go to Costa di Rovigo, where they were subject to an internamento libero , a "free internment". In January 1942, his wife and son were able to return to Ljubljana because Mira Gruen was not Jewish. Carl Gruen had to stay in Costa di Rovigo. After the Nazi regime came to power in Italy, he was arrested twice, in December 1943 and July 1944, and was able to reach and escape hospital stays both times due to his poor eyesight. He did not survive the third arrest in September 1944. It is not known where and when he was murdered.

Laying data

The Stolpersteine ​​in Costa da Rovigo were laid personally by Gunter Demnig on January 19, 2016.

literature

• Maria Chiara Fabian and Alberta Bezzan: Siamo qui solo di passaggio ... . La persecuzione antiebraica nel Polesine 1941-1945, Panozzo Editore, Rimini 2015

Web links

Commons : Stumbling blocks in Costa di Rovigo  - Collection of images

• Stolpersteine.eu , Demnig's website

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Sandy Speier Klein on the Buchaster family
2. ^ Maria Chiara Fabian and Alberta Bezzan: Siamo qui solo di passaggio .... La persecuzione antiebraica nel Polesine 1941-1945, Panozzo Editore 2015
3. ↑ in Italian sources her name is Feigel Buchaster
4. ↑ http://digital-library.cdec.it/cdec-web/persone/detail/person-956/hasenlauf-feigel.html
5. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Silvia Zanardi: Le pietre d'inciampo per ricordare la Storia , La Nuova di Venezia e Mestre, January 19, 2016, accessed on January 7, 2017.
6. ↑ ^{a b c} CDEC Digital Library: Hasenlauf, Feigel , accessed on January 9, 2017
7. ↑ ^{a b c} CDEC Digital Library: Buchaster, Haim Leib , accessed on January 9, 2017
8. ↑ U.S. Census 1940, entry Tony Goldberg
9. ↑ ^{a b c} CDEC Digital Library: Buchaster, Jakob , accessed on January 7, 2017
10. ↑ ^{a b} CDEC Digital Library: Buchaster, Manfred Bernhard , accessed on January 9, 2017
11. ↑ Alias ​​Buchaster
12. ↑ Buchaster family
13. ↑ Spelling also Chaim Leib Buchaster
14. ↑ Barbara Kowalzik: Jewish working life in the inner northern suburb of Leipzig 1900-1933, p. 128
15. ↑ Buchaster family
16. ↑ Jakob, Paula and Manfred Buchaster on Stolpersteine ​​Leipzig
17. ↑ Buchaster family
18. ↑ Manfred Buchaster
19. ↑ Manfred Buchaster
20. ↑ The Buchaster family on Stolpersteine ​​Leipzig
21. ↑ Paula book Aster on Digital Library
22. ↑ Jakob, Paula and Manfred Buchaster on Stolpersteine ​​Leipzig
23. ↑ Buchaster family
24. ^ Fondazione Centro di documentazione ebraica contemporanea: Il Comune di Costa di Rovigo Ricarda la famiglia Buchaster , accessed on April 16, 2016
25. ↑ Mosaico: Nuove pietre di inciampo per ricordare la Shoah e le vittime del nazismo , January 19, 2016, accessed on May 19, 2017

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