List of major carbon dioxide emitters

The list of the largest carbon dioxide emitters contains tables and graphics with information on anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ).

overview

In 2016, humanity released around 35 billion tons (35 gigatons, Gt, or 35 Pg ) of carbon dioxide, which is around 74% of all greenhouse gases emitted. This leads to a strong increase in the total mass of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of around 3,000 gigatons by around 1% per year.

The four states of the People's Republic of China , the USA , India and Russia caused more than half of global emissions . Historically, however, the largest amounts are still attributable to earlier industrialized countries . When viewed per capita , developed countries are far ahead of developing and emerging countries such as China and India. In Europe , Germany , Great Britain , France and Italy were the largest emitters. In 2016, Germany was in sixth place worldwide with 753 million tons, 64 percent of the record amount of 1176.4 million tons of CO ₂ emitted in 1979 .

The power company with the largest emissions of carbon dioxide is the Chinese Huaneng Power International , according to the Washington, DC- based think tank Center for Global Development (CGD) . In Europe, E.ON , Gazprom and RWE are the largest emitters. Of the thermal power plants , the Taiwanese power plant Taichung has the highest CO ₂ emissions. In Europe, the Polish power plant in Bełchatów and the German power plant in Niederaußem have the highest CO ₂ emissions.

CO ₂ is contained in the atmosphere in a proportion of about 0.04% (about 400  ppm ), which is currently increasing at a rate of 2 to 3 ppm per year. Compared to the pre-industrial level of 280 ppm, the previous anthropogenic CO ₂ emissions have already led to an increase in the atmospheric concentration of over 40%.

See also : Carbon dioxide in the earth's atmosphere  and the greenhouse effect

Emissions

The largest carbon dioxide emitters according to EPA data , 2014

By country

The following table shows the 50 countries with the highest carbon dioxide emissions in 2018 and their share of global emissions in percent. All figures are rounded to three significant digits or full months.

Emissions in million tons of CO _{2 from} 1950 to 2017 and 2018

Rank (2018)	country	1950	1960	1970	1980	1990	2000	2010	2015	2016	2017	2018	Share * %	2018 rel. 1990 % ***
1	People's Republic of China	79	806	824	1530	2520	3560	8930	10200	10200	10400	11256	29.7	+352
2	United States	3150	3630	4850	5170	5250	6110	5780	5480	5360	5320	5275	13.9	0
3	India	77	153	252	357	669	1070	1620	2150	2230	2300	2622	6.9	+300
4th	Russia	396	897	1540	2320	2560	1500	1640	1650	1640	1670	1748	4.6	−33
5	Japan	111	259	834	1020	1160	1270	1220	1230	1210	1190	1199	3.1	+3
6th	Germany	524	846	1080	1150	1060	911	842	804	809	805	753	2.0	−29
7th	Iran	1	38	93	123	213	378	584	660	669	698	728	1.9	+242
8th	South Korea	3	15th	59	141	268	448	600	652	659	673	695	1.8	+159
9	Saudi Arabia	4th	2	41	143	140	255	468	548	557	547	625	1.6	+346
10	Canada	150	201	344	431	467	575	561	581	568	575	594	1.6	+28
11	Indonesia	12	26th	50	136	208	339	470	564	571	595	558	1.5	+202
12	Brazil	26th	62	116	201	225	358	452	536	504	510	500	1.3	+122
13	Mexico	53	126	188	299	322	417	510	500	531	539	496	1.3	+58
14th	South Africa	72	122	188	238	300	368	447	447	449	439	477	1.3	+59
15th	Turkey	10	20th	49	83	157	233	316	384	404	428	417	1.1	+174
16	Australia	58	95	160	229	279	351	408	404	414	418	415	1.1	+49
17th	United Kingdom	519	627	716	614	613	576	520	430	407	395	372	1.0	−39
18th	Italy	48	125	325	419	445	474	430	360	357	353	345	1.0	−22
19th	Poland	116	214	326	487	385	324	338	315	326	339	334	0.9	−13
20th	France	209	290	471	531	406	421	396	349	351	354	323	0.9	−20
21st	Kazakhstan	77	160	228	291	268	134	237	264	268	284	309	0.8	+15
22nd	Republic of China (Taiwan)	4th	14th	31	87	128	225	279	272	280	293	285	0.8	+123
23	Thailand	1	4th	16	41	93	185	289	334	343	348	281	0.7	+202
24	Spain	36	57	127	224	236	317	287	274	263	278	276	0.7	+16
25th	Vietnam	1	7th	26th	16	22nd	58	149	206	222	224	271	0.7	+1132
26th	Malaysia	4th	5	16	30th	62	146	241	263	259	260	258	0.7	+323
27	Egypt	11	18th	24	51	86	123	206	210	219	221	251	0.7	+192
28	United Arab Emirates	0	0	15th	34	46	105	161	206	213	208	214	0.6	+365
29	Argentina	30th	49	82	106	111	149	190	206	206	204	210	0.6	+89
30th	Ukraine	153	326	517	740	742	318	308	231	240	228	197	0.5	−72
31	Pakistan	7th	15th	25th	34	72	111	168	183	200	213	196	0.5	+172
32	Iraq	2	8th	24	47	48	73	112	169	190	194	188	0.5	+292
33	Algeria	4th	6th	16	67	79	90	121	152	151	151	165	0.4	+109
34	Netherlands	51	75	144	178	163	173	183	167	167	165	162	0.4	−1
35	Philippines	4th	9	26th	39	43	75	86	115	125	134	148	0.4	+244
36	Venezuela	39	58	76	94	126	157	196	184	175	169	120	0.3	−5
37	Nigeria	2	4th	22nd	69	41	77	93	113	118	121	111	0.3	+171
38	Czech Republic	56	100	153	178	165	128	118	105	107	106	111	0.3	−33
39	Belgium	85	109	155	156	122	127	115	101	100	99	106	0.3	−9
40	Qatar	0	0	8th	14th	14th	38	79	130	130	133	103	0.3	+636
41	Uzbekistan	8th	23	52	87	115	112	106	97	98	101	102	0.3	−17
42	Kuwait	0	8th	25th	26th	52	56	93	101	102	101	100	0.3	+92
43	Bangladesh	1	2	4th	7th	15th	31	58	84	85	88	93	0.2	+564
44	Chile	9	14th	25th	24	34	55	70	86	88	87	91	0.2	+176
45	Colombia	8th	17th	25th	39	47	58	70	82	88	84	90	0.2	+73
46	Oman	0	0	1	7th	12	23	52	69	70	69	85	0.2	+431
47	Turkmenistan	1	4th	9	16	20th	27	41	58	56	59	84	0.2	+83
48	Romania	23	62	128	193	171	97	85	78	76	76	80	0.2	−57
49	Greece	5	12	28	58	84	103	97	75	71	75	72	0.2	−9
50	Austria	23	36	58	61	64	68	73	68	68	71	71	0.2	+13
	Other countries **	298	648	1308	1665	1875	1624	2005	2074	2106	2108	3325	8.8	+78
	world	6560	10400	15900	20300	22800	25,000	32900	35000	35100	35500	37887	100.0	+67

^* Share based on 2018

^** Calculated residual size

^***1990 is the reference year of the Kyoto Protocol

By sectors

The following table shows the distribution of CO ₂ emissions across sectors according to the IPCC 2006 categories. It should be noted that energetic uses are fully subsumed under energy , i. H. also emissions from z. B. from heat generation in industry or from fuel consumption in agriculture. The other sectors therefore only contain emissions that do not result from direct energy consumption, such as cement production (industry) or animal husbandry (agriculture).

Emissions in millions of tons of CO ₂

Rank (2017)	sector	1950	1960	1970	1980	1990	2000	2010	2015	2016	2017	Share (2017,%)
1	energy	5880	9090	14300	18500	20800	22900	29900	31700	31700	32100	90.4
2	Industrial processes	655	1270	1550	1750	1800	1960	2820	3140	3200	3250	9.2
3	Agriculture	17th	31	48	80	100	113	141	158	162	165	0.5
4th	waste	6th	11	24	22nd	23	33	28	27	27	27	0.1
	Sum (a)	6560	10400	15900	20300	22800	25,000	32900	35000	35100	35500	100.0

^(a) Values ​​rounded

According to energy company

Portions of this article appear since 2009 is out of date to be .
Please help to research and insert the missing information .

The following table shows the energy companies with the highest CO ₂ emissions in millions of tons.

Emissions in million tons of CO ₂ (2009)

rank	Companies	country	amount
1	Huaneng Power International	People's Republic of China	416,990
2	Datang International Power	People's Republic of China	325.680
3	China Guodian Corporation	People's Republic of China	312.980
4th	China Huadian Corporation	People's Republic of China	306,940
5	Eskom	South Africa	215.910
6th	National Thermal Power	India	191.860
7th	China Power Investment Corporation	People's Republic of China	167.630
8th	Southern Company	United States	145.140
9	American Electric Power	United States	128.620
10	E.ON	Germany	120.280
11	China Resources	People's Republic of China	117.380
12	Gazprom	Russia	110.940
13	Saudi Electric	Saudi Arabia	108.590
14th	RWE	Germany	107.290
15th	Enel	Italy	107.290
16	State Grid Corporation	People's Republic of China	93.441
17th	China Shenhua Energy	People's Republic of China	90.819
18th	Vattenfall Europe	Germany	89.762
19th	AES Corporation	United States	86.983
20th	Unified Energy System	Russia	78.862
21st	Duke Energy	United States	77.832
22nd	Tennessee Valley Authority	United States	75.414
23	Federal Comisión de Electricidad	Mexico	73.945
24	Taiwan Power Company	Republic of China (Taiwan)	72.756
25th	Tepco	Japan	70.513
26th	MidAmerican Energy	United States	63.678
27	FirstEnergy	United States	62.789
28	Ameren	United States	60.388
29	Egyptian Electricity Holding Company	Egypt	59.632
30th	Electricity de France	France	59.552

According to German companies

The companies in the following table are the DAX companies with the highest CO ₂ emissions.

Emissions in million tons of CO ₂ (2018)

rank	Companies	amount	source
1	RWE	118,000
2	HeidelbergCement	72,700
3	E.ON	69.100
4th	Lufthansa	32,600
5	BASF	21,800

Lufthansa's emissions must be multiplied by a climate factor of 2–5 in order to be able to compare their climate impact. When it comes to emissions from BASF, it should be noted that the use of the products it manufactures for building insulation can actually save considerable amounts of CO ₂ .

After power plants

Portions of this article appear since 2009 is out of date to be .
Please help to research and insert the missing information .

The following table shows the power plants with the highest CO ₂ emissions in million tons.

Emissions in million tons of CO ₂ (2009)

rank	power plant	Country, region	amount
1	Taichung power plant	Republic of China (Taiwan) , Taichung	36,336
2	Poryong power station	South Korea , Chungcheongnam-do	32.823
3	Taen power plant	South Korea , Chungcheongnam-do	30,347
4th	Bełchatów Power Plant	Poland , Łódź Voivodeship	29,500
5	Dangjin Power Plant	South Korea , Chungcheongnam-do	29,046
6th	Hadong Power Plant	South Korea , Gyeongsangnam-do	28.719
7th	Niederaussem power plant	Germany , North Rhine-Westphalia	26,300
8th	Mailiao power station	Republic of China (Taiwan) , Yunlin County	25.304
9	Vindhyachal power plant	India , Madhya Pradesh	24.812
10	Kendal power station	South Africa , Mpumalanga	24.652
11	Matimba power plant	South Africa , Mpumalanga	24,182
12	Samchonpo power plant	South Korea , Gyeongsangnam-do	24.113
13	Ekibastus power plant	Kazakhstan , Pavlodar region	24.076
14th	Lethabo power plant	South Africa , Free State	23.989
15th	Scherer power plant	United States , Georgia	23.861
16	Jänschwalde power plant	Germany , Brandenburg	23,600
17th	Majuba power plant	South Africa , Mpumalanga	23,412
18th	Neyveli power plant	India , Tamil Nadu	23,120
19th	Miller Power Plant	United States , Alabama	22,152
20th	Duvha power plant	South Africa , Mpumalanga	22.026
21st	Matla power plant	South Africa , Mpumalanga	21,531
22nd	Talcher power plant	India , Orissa	21.227
23	Waigaoqiao power plant	People's Republic of China , Shanghai	21,161
24	Bowen Power Station	United States , Georgia	20,566
25th	Drax power plant	United Kingdom , Yorkshire and the Humber	20,500
26th	Tutuka power plant	South Africa , Mpumalanga	20,333
27	Beilun power plant	People's Republic of China , Zhejiang	20,148
28	WA Parish power plant	United States , Texas	20.095
29	Eraring power station	Australia , New South Wales	19.799
30th	Shoaiba power plant	Saudi Arabia , Mecca Province	19.691

World emissions

The next table shows the annual global carbon dioxide emissions since 1950.

Emissions in millions of tons of CO ₂

year Emissions 1950 6540 1951 7010 1952 7140 1953 7370 1954 7540 1955 8250 1956 8800 1957 9090 1958 9360 1959 9840 1960 10300 1961 10400 1962 10700 1963 11200 1964 11700 1965 12200 1966 12800 1967 13100 1968 13800 1969 14700 1970 15800 1971 16300 1972 17000 1973 17900 1974 17800

year emission 1975 17700 1976 18700 1977 19100 1978 19900 1979 20400 1980 20200 1981 19700 1982 19500 1983 19600 1984 20200 1985 20900 1986 21100 1987 21900 1988 22700 1989 23100 1990 22700 1991 23100 1992 22400 1993 22600 1994 22800 1995 23300 1996 23900 1997 24100 1998 24000 1999 24200

year emission 2000 24900 2001 25200 2002 25700 2003 27000 2004 28200 2005 29200 2006 30200 2007 31000 2008 31600 2009 31200 2010 32900 2011 33900 2012 34400 2013 34400 2014 34700 2015 34700 2016 34800 2017 35700 2018 37900

Other CO ₂ sources

In permafrost regions ( Arctic , Antarctic , high mountains ) between 13,000 and 15,000 gigatons of carbon are stored, about twice as much as in the entire earth's atmosphere : When the permafrost soils thaw, which is accelerated by climate change, it is released as CO ₂ . The manufacture of cement for concrete production accounted for around 6-9% of man-made emissions between 1925 and 2000.

See also

• List of the largest greenhouse gas emitters
• List of the largest methane emitters
• List of the largest nitrous oxide emitters
• List of the largest F-gas emitters
• List of countries according to CO ₂ emissions per capita
• List of countries by greenhouse gas emissions

literature

• Richard Heede: Tracing anthropogenic carbon dioxide and methane emissions to fossil fuel and cement producers, 1854–2010. In: Climatic Change , November 2013, doi: 10.1007 / s10584-013-0986-y (English).

Web links

• Climate Watch (CO ₂ ) - A detailed selection option including visualization of the emission data used here and other emission data (English).
• United Nations (UN) - Carbon dioxide emissions by country, 1990–2010 (English).
• Global Carbon Atlas - Geographical emissions of several countries over time .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Gütschow, J .; Jeffery, L .; Gieseke, R. (2019): The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series (1850-2016) . v2.0. GFZ Data Services. doi: 10.5880 / pik.2019.001 .
2. ↑ Sven Titz: Climate change: The most important facts at a glance. In: nzz.ch. Neue Zürcher Zeitung , December 17, 2018, accessed on January 29, 2019 . 
3. ↑ ^{a b} EU publications: Fossil CO2 and GHG emissions of all world countries 2019 report study, op.europa.eu , accessed on October 30, 2019.
4. ↑ Gütschow, J., u. a .: Data description. (PDF) PIK, December 2018, accessed on September 12, 2019 . 
5. ↑ Anke Herold et al .: Methodological Choice and Identification of Key Categories . In: 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories . Volume 1 General Guidance and Reporting, No. 4.2 , General rules for identification of key categories, p. 4.7 (English, [1] [PDF]).
6. ↑ Data for Climate Action - Historical GHG Emissions - Global Historical Emissions. In: Climate Watch. World Resources Institute (WRI), accessed October 6, 2019 . 
7. ↑ Carbon Monitoring for Action: Highest CO2 Emitting Power Companies in the World .
8. ↑ Humanistic Management Center: Climate balance sheets of DAX companies (PDF).
9. ↑ Annual Report 2018 RWE (PDF).
10. ^ Sustainability Report. Accessed September 4, 2019 . 
11. ↑ E.ON Annual Report 2018 (PDF).
12. ↑ Lufthansa Annual General Meeting: Climate activists want to vote Spohr out .
13. ↑ Annual Report 2018 BASF .
14. ↑ The Real Cost of Flying: Climate Killer Air Traffic .
15. ↑ Carbon Monitoring for Action: Top Power Producing Plants in the World (English).
16. ↑ Deutschlandfunk , Wissenschaft im Brennpunkt , August 7, 2016, Andrea Rehmsmeier : On thin ice , November 5, 2016.
17. ↑ International Permafrost Association , November 5, 2016.
18. ↑ Cement production In: holcim.ch , accessed on September 13, 2017.
19. ↑ Dietmar Hipp: UMWELT: Kurzer Prozess In: Der Spiegel. 31/2010, accessed on September 13, 2017.
20. ^ Suzanne Goldenberg: Just 90 companies caused two-thirds of man-made global warming emissions. In: The Guardian , November 20, 2013, accessed November 23, 2013.
21. ↑ Douglas Starr: Just 90 companies are to blame for most climate change, this 'carbon accountant' says. In: Science , August 25, 2016. Retrieved September 1, 2016 (via Richard Heede and his work; English).