MAZ-514

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MAZ
Model of a MAZ-514 (photographed 2018)
Model of a MAZ-514 (photographed 2018)
MAZ-514
Manufacturer: Minsky Avtomobilny Zavod
Sales designation: МАЗ-514
Production period: 1974–1977 (?)
Previous model: none
Successor: MAZ-6303
Technical specifications
Engines: Diesel engines
Power: 132-199 kW
Payload: 14 t
Perm. Total weight: approx. 23 t

The MAZ-514 ( Russian МАЗ-514 , German transcription actually MAS-514) was a Soviet truck from the production of the Minsky Avtomobilny Sawod . The heavy three-axle truck was a variant of the smaller MAZ-500 developed for long-distance transport and was first presented as a prototype in 1965. It should enable truck trains with a total weight of almost 50 tons. Due to various technical problems, the vehicle was only built in series in very small numbers from 1974 and production was discontinued in 1977 at the latest. Probably a total of less than 1000 copies were made.

The MAZ-515 tractor unit was developed and built on the basis of the MAZ-514 . The MAZ-516 , a similar vehicle that was not designed for operation with heavy trailers, was produced from 1969 and until 1980.

Vehicle history

The same model in the rear view. Good to see: the two driven rear axles with double tires
Detailed view of the driver's cab. With this grille (identical to the MAZ-500A) the vehicle was built in series

The first prototype, named MAZ-514, was presented in 1965. This was also the year in which mass production of the MAZ-500, the base vehicle of the series, began. Like the basic model, the first machines were fitted with a six-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine of the JaMZ-236 type with 180 hp (132 kW) and a displacement of 11.15 liters. The first tests were carried out with this engine from 1966. In addition to the MAZ-514, prototypes of the MAZ-516 (three-axle vehicle with lifting axle ) and the MAZ-515 tractor unit , which are closely related in terms of construction, were also created during this period .

During vehicle testing, it quickly became apparent that the six-cylinder engine was unsuitable for the truck. Together with the intended trailer load, the truck was far too heavy. However, MAZ only had access to larger quantities of the more powerful V8 engine JaMZ-238 of the same series from around 1971 and only from 1978 to models with a turbocharger . Accordingly, the vehicle was not built in series. The rear suspension, which was based on a design by the American Timken Company , had also proven to be unsuitable .

With the start of series production of the MAZ-516 in 1969, the project was taken up again. Various details on the MAZ-514 have been adapted to the MAZ-516, in particular the arrangement of the tank, spare wheel and battery have been changed. From 1971, the JaMZ 238 V8 diesel engine with 240 hp (176 kW) and 14.86 liters displacement was built into the prototypes. With this step, the decision to series production of the truck was made. As the performance was still rather inadequate, the trailer load was limited. Trailers with a payload of nine tons could still be carried. From this point on, a new manual transmission with eight forward gears was also used.

Series production began a few years later in 1974. Production was carried out in particular for national and international long-distance transport and companies such as Sovtransavto , the state-owned Soviet forwarding company (the counterpart to Deutrans in the GDR). The production vehicles received the JaMZ-238E as an engine, a variant of the V8 with 270 PS (199 kW). The number of pieces remained very low, of the three three-axis models MAZ-514, MAZ-515 and MAZ-516 only 1000 to 1500 copies were built, whereby the MAZ-516 was manufactured the longest and also sold internationally. At the latest in 1977 with the introduction of the MAZ-5335 , the MAZ-514 disappeared from production. Exact reasons are not known, but from 1976 KamAZ built similar resilient, more modern vehicles in very large numbers.

A special feature of the MAZ-514 was the large total weight of the trucks. The vehicle was driven in combination with the MAZ-5205A semi-trailer and a single-axle dolly , which enabled payloads of up to 32 tons with a total weight of 48.7 tons. Technically, the concept corresponds to that of the modern EuroCombis . Due to the relatively low engine output, however, the top speed fell from 4% to around 22 km / h even on rather low inclines.

There is no information on whether a MAZ-514 truck has survived to this day.

Technical specifications

The data listed here apply to the MAZ-514. Due to the rarity of the model and the small number of pieces, many technical details can no longer be understood. But there is a close technical relationship between all models of the MAZ-500 series.

  • Engine: four-stroke diesel engine
  • Engine type:
    • first prototypes: JaMZ-236 (V6)
    • Prototypes from 1971: JaMZ-238 (V8)
    • Production vehicles: JaMZ-238E (V8)
  • Power:
    • JaMZ-236: 180 PS (132 kW)
    • JaMZ-238: 240 PS (176 kW)
    • JaMZ-238E: 270 PS (199 kW), also indicated as 265 PS
  • Displacement: 14.86 l
  • Bore: 130.0 mm
  • Stroke: 140.0 mm
  • Transmission: eight-speed manual gearbox with reverse gear
  • Top speed with 270 HP engine:
    • 80.0 km / h empty
    • 66.0 km / h on level ground under full load (48.7 tons total weight of the truck)
    • 26.9 km / h on a 3% gradient and full load
    • 22.1 km / h on a 4% gradient and full load
  • Drive formula : 6 × 4

Dimensions and weights

  • Length: 8520 mm
  • Width: 2500 mm
  • Height: 2640 mm above the cab
  • Wheelbase: 3850 + 1400 mm
  • Front track: 1970 mm
  • Rear track: 1866 mm each (double tires)
  • Height of the trailer coupling: 825 mm
  • Height of loading sill: 1375 mm
  • Height of side wall: 655 mm, with extension boards 950 mm
  • Inner dimensions of the loading area: 6200 × 2340 mm
  • Payload (truck): 14,000 kg
  • Payload (trailer): 18,000 kg
  • Total payload: 32,000 kg
  • permissible trailer load: approx. 25,000 kg when operated with a trailer of type MAZ-5205A
  • Permissible total weight of the train: at least 48,700 kg (with 270 HP engine power)

literature

  • Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR ; Vehicle Construction Institute NIIAT: Short Automobile Manual (краткий автомобильный справочник). Transport Publishing House, 6th edition, Moscow 1971.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f МАЗ 500-й серии: советский «дальнобой» . 5koleso, 2015. (Russian)
  2. ↑ a b Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR ; Vehicle Construction Institute NIIAT: Short Automobile Manual (краткий автомобильный справочник). Various pages.
  3. ↑ a b Information on the MAZ-514 on denisoviet.ru (Russian)
  4. ↑ On the history of the MAZ-500 series (Russian)
  5. ↑ prospectus of the Soviet foreign trade organization AVTOEXPORT for MAZ-516th Moscow, around 1970, in English, no further details.
  6. ↑ a b Historical document on payloads and other data from trucks from the Minsky Avtomobilny Zavod (Russian)
  7. ↑ Article on the MAZ-514 , including a historical graphic of the vehicle dimensions (Russian)
  8. ↑ Data of some semi-trailers from Soviet production (Russian)

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