MAZ-200

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MAZ
A MAZ-200, photographed in 2012
A MAZ-200, photographed in 2012
MAZ-200
Manufacturer: Minsky Avtomobilny Zavod
Sales designation: МАЗ-200
Production period: 1951-1966 / 67
Previous model: JaAZ-200
Successor: MAZ-500
Technical specifications
Designs: Flatbed , tractor unit , tipper , various special bodies
Engines: JaAZ-204 (A / B / W) and JaMZ-236
Power: 83-124 kW
Payload: 7 t
Perm. Total weight: 13.6 t

The MAZ-200 ( Russian МАЗ-200 ) is a truck (4 × 2) made by the Soviet vehicle manufacturer Minsky Avtomobilny Zavod . The truck, built from 1951 to 1966/67, belongs to the first generation of commercial vehicles developed in the Soviet Union after the Second World War . In various sources, the MAZ-200 is also listed under the German transcription MAS-200 . A total of around 230,000 trucks of all variants were built.

Vehicle history

Workshop trolley on the MAZ-200D chassis (2008)
AZ-30/205 tank tender based on the shorter, otherwise identical frame of the MAZ-205 (2016)
MAZ-200 at the Leipzig autumn fair in 1954
MAZ-205 in use (around 1950)

After the Second World War, there was a great need in the Soviet Union for powerful trucks, which were needed for the reconstruction of the destroyed country and the full motorization of the armed forces . During the war, the Soviet commercial vehicle industry had concentrated on the construction of armored vehicles, and the demand for trucks had been met to a large extent by supplies from the United States under the Lend Lease Act . The truck types in production such as the ZIS-5 were technically outdated.

The MAZ-200 was developed in 1944/45 in the Yaroslavl Automobile Plant (Ярославский автомобильный завод) as JaAZ-200 (ЯАЗ-200) from the JaG-7 , which was never mass-produced . In connection with the reorganization of Soviet automobile manufacturing, series production was transferred to the newly built plant in Minsk in 1951. The MAZ-200 differs from the original sample only in the use of a radiator grille with vertical struts and the company emblem.

Series production of the flatbed truck began in Minsk in 1951 and continued until late December 1965 or early 1966. As early as 1965, the successor, the much more modern front control vehicle MAZ-500 , went into large-scale production. The MAZ-205 from the same series has been produced by MAZ since 1948 and replaced from 1965 by the successor from the new truck family, the MAZ-503 . The MAZ-200P with the more modern JaMZ-236 six-cylinder four-stroke engine was built until 1967, making it the last model in the vehicle family whose production was discontinued.

In the early 1960s, the MAZ-200 was sold for 3460 rubles , making it cheaper than a GAZ M-21 Volga . Since the MAZ-200 was not sold to private individuals, but only given to consumers, the prices are only partially comparable. The trucks were used in all areas of the Soviet Union and also exported. In the 1970s, it was replaced by more modern types of trucks in Soviet factories, although some vehicles remained in service until the 1980s.

The MAZ-200 was also exported to the GDR in small numbers . The MAZ-205 dump truck was introduced from 1961 to 1965. The MAZ-200W tractor unit was probably also imported in small numbers. The National People's Army used the MAZ-200 with a box body for special vehicles from 1963.

construction

The truck is powered by a four-cylinder two-stroke diesel engine JaAZ-204A (ЯАЗ-204А). The engine initially developed 110  PS (83 kW), after the modernization 120 PS (88 kW). At the start of production, the tractor units received the more powerful variant JaAZ-204B with 130 HP and later the JaAZ-204W with 135 HP. A self-developed injection pump was used for the first time in Soviet vehicle construction. The manual five - speed gearbox is partly synchronized for the first time in a Soviet truck . In a modified form, it was also used after serial production of the MAZ-200 in the Urals-375 ended . From 1962, a newly developed six-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine JaMZ-236 (ЯМЗ-236), which develops 165 hp (124 kW), was installed in some vehicles.

The vehicle has a conventional ladder frame and is leaf-sprung on both axles. The rear axle has twin tires and the brakes are operated with compressed air . Due to the lack of sheet metal, the cabin consisted of a wooden frame that was planked with sheet metal and provided with protective varnish. Vehicles intended for export were generally painted light blue. The MAZ-200 was the first Soviet truck to be equipped with a speedometer .

Model variants

MAZ-200 with crane superstructure K-51 as a memorial in Iwanowo (2013)
The MAZ-205 tipper , here as a memorial in front of the manufacturing plant in Minsk (2015)
The MAZ-502 , designed for the military, was one of two variants of the four-wheel drive truck (2007)
The MAZ-501 was the civil version with all-wheel drive, here is a sketch of the MAZ-501W tractor unit

In the course of 15 years of production history, various versions of the MAZ-200 have been manufactured. The original Russian names are in brackets. The most important models are highlighted.

  • MAZ-200 (МАЗ-200) - The basic variant with a flatbed .
  • MAZ-200W (МАЗ-200В) - A tractor unit intended for use with the MAZ-5245B (МАЗ-5245Б, for cargo) and MAZ-5245W (МАЗ-5245В, for passenger transport) semi-trailers.
  • MAZ-200G (МАЗ-200Г) - Version built for the military from 1951 to 1958 with a universal platform for transporting people and material. The gear reduction was enlarged and a reinforced clutch from the JaAZ-210 was installed. So the power increased off-road, but the top speed dropped to 52 km / h.
  • MAZ-200D (МАЗ-200Д) - the chassis with a driver's cab on which numerous different superstructures have been placed.
  • MAZ-200P (МАЗ-200П) - A flatbed version with an enhanced six-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine. Built from 1962 to 1967.
  • MAZ-200M (МАЗ-200М) - tractor unit with a more powerful six-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine.
  • MAZ-200R (МАЗ-200Р) - tractor unit with advanced hydraulic equipment for operation with the MAZ-5232W (МАЗ-5232В) tipping semitrailer .
  • MAZ-205 (МАЗ-205) - dump truck .
  • MAZ-501 (МАЗ-501) - An all-wheel drive truck developed on the basis of the MAZ-200 for forestry.
  • MAZ-502 (МАЗ-502) - The all-wheel drive, military version of the MAZ-501.
  • AZ-8-200 (АЦ-8-200) - A version as a tank truck for various liquids on the chassis of the MAZ-200D.
  • TZ-200 (ТЗ-200) - variant as a tank truck for fuel.
  • AZ-525 (АЦ-525) - milk tanker.
  • PM-9 (ПМ-9) - An explosive device .
  • K-51, K-52, as well as K-53 (К-51, К-52, К-53) - crane vehicles .
  • APK-6 (АПК-6) - version and change loader vehicle .
  • AZ-30/205 (АЦ-30/205) - This is a tank tender .
  • AM-32 (АМ-32) - A turntable ladder with a ladder length of 32 m. A similar vehicle was also built with a 45 m ladder.
  • CHAR-1-200 (ЧАР-1-200) - A refrigerated vehicle .

Technical specifications

For the last generation vehicles up to 1966.

  • Engine type: JaAZ-204A
  • Engine: four-cylinder two-stroke diesel engine , water-cooled
  • Power 120 hp (88 kW) at 2000 min -1
  • Displacement: 4.65 l
  • Bore: 127.0 mm
  • Stroke: 108.0 mm
  • Compression: 17: 1
  • maximum torque: 461 Nm at 1200 to 1400 min -1
  • Firing order: 1–3–4–2
  • Fuel consumption: 32.0 l / 100 km at 40 km / h
  • Tank capacity: 225 l diesel fuel
  • Clutch: single-plate dry clutch
  • Gearbox: manual gearbox with 5 forward gears and one reverse gear, partly synchronized
  • Top speed: 65.0 km / h
  • On-board voltage: 24 V.
  • Starter: Type ST26, 11 HP power
  • Alternator: G106, 250 W, 10 A
  • Batteries: 2 × 128 Ah
  • Drive formula : 4 × 2

Dimensions and weights

  • Length: 7620 mm
  • Width: 2650 mm
  • Height: 2430 mm
  • Wheelbase: 4520 mm
  • Ground clearance: at least 290 mm
  • Turning circle (diameter): 20.2 m
  • Front track: 1950 mm
  • Rear track: 1920 mm (double tires)
  • Dimensions of the loading area (L × W × H, inside): 4500 × 2480 × 600 mm
  • Height of the loading sill: 1390 mm
  • Tire size: 12.00-20 ″
  • Empty weight: 6400 kg
  • Payload: 7000 kg, on unpaved roads 5000 kg (each +225 kg in the cab)
  • permissible total weight: 13,625 kg
  • Front axle load: 3565 kg
  • Rear axle load: 10,060 kg
  • permissible trailer load: 9500 kg
  • permissible total weight of the truck combination: 23,125 kg

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ DV-17/5: Kfz. Types of the National People's Army. Edition 1963.
  2. ↑ a b Information and history on the vehicle family (Russian)
  3. ↑ a b c d Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR ; Vehicle Construction Institute NIIAT: Short Automobile Manual (краткий автомобильный справочник). P. 122 ff.
  4. ↑ LM Shugurow: АВТОМОБИЛИ России и СССР . First part. P. 184.
  5. ↑ Entry available online from the magazine "Autopilot", April 2005. (Russian)
  6. ^ Werner Oswald: Motor vehicles of the GDR. Motorbuch-Verlag, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-613-01913-2 , p. 294.
  7. ↑ a b Ralf Kunkel: Typenkompass. GDR trucks. Imports from the USSR. P. 74 f.

literature

  • LM Shugurov: АВТОМОБИЛИ России и СССР . First part. Ilbi / Prostreks, Moscow 1993, ISBN 5-87483-004-9 .
  • Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR ; Vehicle Construction Institute NIIAT: Short Automobile Manual (краткий автомобильный справочник). Transport Publishing House, 6th edition, Moscow 1971.
  • Economic Council of the Belarusian SSR ; Minsk State Automobile Plant : Автомобили МАЗ-200, МАЗ-200В, МАЗ-205 и МАЗ-501. Краткое руководство по уходу и эксплуатации . Minsk 1963. (Official instructions for use of the vehicles in Russian.)
  • Ralf Kunkel: Type compass. GDR trucks. Imports from the USSR . Motorbuch Verlag Stuttgart, 1st edition 2015, ISBN 978-3-613-03799-1 .

Web links

Commons : MAZ-200  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files