MAZ-525

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MAZ / BelAZ
A MAZ-525 in side view, Leipzig Autumn Fair 1953
A MAZ-525 in side view, Leipzig Autumn Fair 1953
MAZ-525
Manufacturer: Minsky Avtomobilny Zavod , BelAZ
Sales designation: МАЗ-525 and БелАЗ-525
Production period: 1951-1965
Previous model: none
Successor: BelAZ-540
Technical specifications
Designs: Dump truck
Engines: 12-cylinder diesel engine or electric motor
Power: 221 or 172 kW
Payload: 25 t
Perm. Total weight: 49.38 t

The truck MAZ-525 ( Russian МАЗ-525 , German transcription actually MAS-525) is a large dump truck from the Soviet vehicle manufacturer Minsky Avtomobilny Zavod , which was developed in the late 1940s. As of 1959, production of this type was relocated to BelAZ as part of the specialization of the Soviet automotive industry and ended there under the name BelAZ-525 in 1965.

Historical

At the end of the 1940s, there was a need for heavy dump trucks in the Soviet Union that could not be met from domestic production. There were no suitable vehicles available, especially for the enormous movements of material when building larger dams.

The first experiments with trucks with a payload of 25 tons took place in the Soviet Union in 1949. For this purpose, a JaAZ-210E was equipped with two additional rear axles (drive formula now 10 × 8 instead of 6 × 4) and a tipping body. However, research, planning and development were quickly moved to the still young Minski Avtomobilny Sawod and continued under the name MAZ-525. Series production started in 1951. The vehicles were immediately used, among other things, in the construction of the Volga-Don Canal .

In 1957, the MAZ-530 was developed as a three-axis variant based on the model . In 1959, in the course of the specialization of the Soviet automotive industry, production was relocated to BelAZ . There the type continued to be manufactured as BelAZ-525 until 1965 and was finally replaced by the BelAZ-540 .

description

The vehicles were basically designed as dump trucks with a long-hood design, that is, the engine was in front of the cab. A special feature is that the rear axle is connected directly to the frame without any suspension. Around 1950 there were no suspension elements available that would have withstood the impact of loading rock material up to six cubic meters in size. The only suspension was rubber elements between the trough and frame as well as the oversized wheels and tires. The vehicles from the 1950s are also the first civilian vehicles in which the D-12A V12 diesel engine, originally designed for use in tanks, was used. The only known dump truck that is still preserved today is a monument in Krasnoyarsk .

variants

In the course of the production history, various modifications were made to the vehicle, some of the resulting versions were manufactured in parallel. This ranges from detailed changes to other structures or engines. The vehicle was the only one of this size in the Soviet Union at that time and therefore served as the basis for some heavy construction machinery.

One of the detailed changes, for example, was that in the course of time the air filter was first moved from the inside to the outside and later two of them were installed per vehicle. This was necessary because the machines were often used in very dusty environments such as quarries.

In 1959 there was a trial version as a tractor unit, which was operated with a 45-tonne BelAZ-5271 semi-trailer. This model was named MAZ-525A . However, it was found that the V12 diesel engine was too weak for this load. It was not until 1962 that this idea was taken up again with the more powerful BelAZ-540B.

Under the name MAZ-E-525D tractor for was Scraper D-189 built. Again, performance was the limiting factor. With a loading volume of 15 m³, the MAZ-E-525D was able to move the vehicle when it was full or empty. In order to mine, however, a second pushing tractor was required, which was operated with additional weights on the fifth wheel.

Parts of the design were also used on the MAZ-541 , an aircraft tug from the 1950s. It was designed for a trailer load of 85 tons and was built in extremely small numbers.

Since the machines were extremely inefficient due to their weight and the V12 diesel engine (300 PS (221 kW) with almost 39 l displacement), a variant with an electric motor and power supply via overhead lines and pantographs was built in small numbers. A significant disadvantage was that the vehicles could only run on fixed routes with appropriate overhead lines. A D-202 engine with a maximum output of 172 kW was used.

Technical specifications

The following data refer to the basic model MAZ-525.

  • Motor type: D-12A
  • Engine: 12 cylinder diesel engine
  • Power: 221 kW (300 PS)
  • Displacement: 38.8 l
  • Compression: 15: 1
  • Fuel consumption: 135 l / 100 km (at approx. 18–25 km / h), up to 160 l / 100 km
  • Tank capacity: 400 l diesel fuel
  • Transmission: manual gearbox with 5 forward gears and one reverse gear
  • Drive formula : (4 × 2)
  • Top speed: 30 km / h

Dimensions and weights

  • Length: 8220 mm
  • Width: 3220 mm
  • Height: 3675 mm
  • Wheelbase: 4780 mm
  • Ground clearance rear, front: 460/700 mm
  • Front track: 2500 mm
  • Rear track: 2200 mm
  • Turning circle (radius): 13,800 mm
  • Tire dimension: 18.00 × 32
  • Contents tipping body: 14.3 m³
  • maximum tilt angle: 65 °
  • Time to tip: 40 s
  • Empty weight: 24,380 kg
  • Maximum payload: 25,000 kg
  • Total weight: 49,380 kg

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR ; Vehicle Construction Institute NIIAT: Short Automobile Manual (краткий автомобильный справочник). P. 204 ff.
  2. ↑ a b c d L. M. Shugurow: АВТОМОБИЛИ. России и СССР. First part. P. 226 f.
  3. ↑ To the history of the JaAZ-210E (Russian)
  4. ↑ Motor vehicles at the Leipzig autumn fair in 1952 . In: Automobiltechnische Zeitschrift . 11/1952, p. 262.
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g Detailed description with pictures of almost all listed variants (Russian)
  6. ↑ Detailed information on the MAZ-541 (Russian)

literature

  • Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR ; Vehicle Construction Institute NIIAT: Short Automobile Manual (краткий автомобильный справочник). Transport Publishing House, 6th edition, Moscow 1971.
  • LM Shugurov: АВТОМОБИЛИ. России и СССР. First part. Ilbi / Prostreks, Moscow 1993, ISBN 5-87483-004-9 .

Web links

Commons : MAZ-525  - Collection of images, videos and audio files