Nature reserve islands Böhmke and Werder

53.94755 14.029973Coordinates: 53 ° 56 '51.2 " N , 14 ° 1' 47.9" E

The nature reserve Böhmke and Werder Islands is a 118 hectare nature reserve in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in the Insel Usedom nature park not far east of the village of Balm and north of Neppermin . It was placed under protection on March 31, 1971. It includes the islands of Böhmke and Werder as well as the surrounding areas of the Nepperminer and Balmer lakes in the backwaters and a headland in the north. The areas represent an important breeding habitat for coastal birds.

The current state of the area is assessed as satisfactory, as the breeding success of the birds has no longer been assured in recent years due to high predator pressure and bush cover.

The land areas of the nature reserve cannot be entered. The road from Neppermin to Balm is good for viewing.

history

The islands of Böhmke and Werder can be traced back to the glacial marl mounds that formed sand hooks over time. The Swedish register card from 1693 shows pasture use on the island of Böhmke. In the 18th century the island of Werder was still connected to the island of Usedom by a land bridge. After the Second World War , agriculture was practiced on it for a short time. Both islands were used as summer pasture until 1976. From 1978 on, Gotland sheep were grazed to keep the areas open for coastal birds.

Flora and fauna

Both islands are bordered by an extensive belt of reeds, both on the water and on the land. Hawthorn , black alder and overgrown cherries can be found on the cliff slopes . From 1975 to 1993 an average of 13,000 and between 1994 and 2010 5,500 breeding pairs of black-headed gulls were counted, under whose protection an average of 130 common tern pairs have settled since 1997 . In the years before, up to 800 breeding pairs brooded on both islands. Since the 1990s, both species have only settled on Böhmke. The breeding site was given up due to the presence of the red fox. More regular breeding birds shelduck , Greylag Goose , Mallard , Gadwall , Mute Swan , grebes , Bläss- and moorhen and bearded tit , reed warbler and reed warbler . Oystercatchers and black-headed gulls breed irregularly .

literature

Environment Ministry Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Hrsg.): Insel Böhmke and Werder 81 in: The nature reserves in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . Demmler-Verlag, Schwerin 2003, p. 186 f.

R. Holz and W. Starke (1984): Biometry, sex dimorphism and dimensions of Mecklenburgian black-headed gulls, contributions to ornithology 30. S. 397 f.

R. Holz and W. Starke (1990): Contamination of foreign matter in eggs of Mecklenburg black-headed gulls (Larus ridibundus) from 1975 to 1986. Archives Naturschutz Landschaftsforschung 30, pp. 177–194.

C. Jaschhof. u. W. Starke (2000): On the development of vegetation in the nature reserve "Böhmke and Werder Islands" 1984-1997. Nature and nature conservation in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 35, pp. 80-100.

Web links

Commons : Nature reserve islands Böhmke and Werder - collection of pictures, videos and audio files