Boheimkirchen

market community Boheimkirchen
coat of arms	Austria map
Basic data
Country:	Austria
State :	Lower Austria
Political District :	Sankt Pölten-Land
License plate :	PL
Surface:	45.49 km²
Coordinates :	48 ° 12 '  N , 15 ° 46'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 11 '52 "  N , 15 ° 45' 44"  E
Height :	247  m above sea level A.
Residents :	5,096 (January 1, 2020)
Population density :	112 inhabitants per km²
Postal code :	3071
Area code :	02743
Community code :	3 19 03
Address of the municipal administration:	Marktplatz 2 3071 Böheimkirchen
Website:	www.boeheimkirchen.gv.at
politics
Mayor :	Johann Hell ( SPÖ )
Municipal Council : ( 2020 ) (25 members)	13 9 2 1 13 9 2 1  A total of 25 seats SPÖ : 13 ÖVP : 9 GREEN : 2 FPÖ : 1
Location of Böheimkirchen in the Sankt Pölten-Land district
Market town of Böheimkirchen
Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria

Böheimkirchen is a market town in the Mostviertel in Lower Austria with 5096 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020).

geography

The place is centrally located in Lower Austria on the two rivers Michelbach and Perschling . The area of ​​the market town covers 45.57 km², 21.38 percent of the area is forested.

Böheimkirchen is located ten kilometers east of St. Pölten directly on the Westautobahn (A1) and on the Westbahn .

Community structure

The municipality includes the following 27 localities (population in brackets as of January 1, 2020):

• Extra box (108) including Hagenau
• Building land (15)
• Blindorf (13)
• Boheimkirchen (2682)
• Diemannsberg (6)
• Villages (23)
• Durnhag (33)
• Furth (180)
• Gemersdorf (99)
• Pit (24)
• Hinterberg (77)
• Backwood (62)
• Hub (13)
• Kollersberg (23)
• Lanzendorf (161)
• Maria Jeutendorf (169)
• Mauterheim (77)
• Mechters (84)
• Plosdorf (149)
• Reith (128)
• Röhrenbach (17)
• Schildberg (167)
• Seven Shepherds (77)
• Untergrafendorf (311)
• Unteriefenbach (30)
• Weisching (285)
• Meadows (83)

The community consists of the cadastral communities Auserkasten, Böheimkirchen, Diemannsberg, Dorfern, Dürnhag, Furth bei Auserkasten, Gemersdorf, Hinterberg, Hub and Grub, Jeutendorf, Lanzendorf bei Böheimkirchen, Mauterheim, Mechters, Reith, Röhrenbach, Schildberg, Siebenhirten, Untergrafendorf, Untertiefenbach, Weisching and meadows.

history

antiquity

Böheimkirchen is ancient settlement soil - today's place arose around the so-called "Hochfeld". This ridge is surrounded by the Perschling and Michelbach, extends north-south and drops steeply towards the north, east and west. After traces of settlement from the Neolithic Age, the place developed at the turn of the early to the middle Bronze Age into a nationally important center. Therefore, today the South Danubian local group of the so-called “Veterov culture” (around 1500 BC) is called the “Böheimkirchen group” after the most important site. Around this time, a large number of hamlet and village settlements in the lowlands faced individual central production sites and trading hubs at high altitude. The Böheimkirchner Höhensiedlung encompassed the 170 m long north part of the high field (about 22,000 m²) and was protected by a section fortification consisting of an inner wall and an outer ditch. After settlement activity in Urnfields (around 750 BC) and traces of the Latène period (400–15 BC), the area became part of the Noricum province under the Romans .

middle Ages

In the 9th century stone robbery was carried out through brisk new building activity on the Bronze Age house foundations. Around the year 985 a note speaks of "Persnicha, as Wilhelm owned it and where the Bohemians who settle there are currently cultivating the fields", hence the name Böheimkirchen (Peheimkirchen), which is documented in the middle of the 11th century. The old town center developed in three phases: in the 9th century the Carolingian old settlement of the Bohemians with the church was built, in the 11th / 12th. A winding street village (Marktplatz, Obere Hauptstrasse and Florianigasse) was added at the foot of the Kirchenberg, and around 1500 there was another settlement expansion with the "Neustift" (-gasse).

Around 1045 the Passau bishops handed over the parish of Böheimkirchen to the canons of St. Pölten. The parish was very large then. In 1130 Kirchstetten became independent, in 1248 the following remaining branch churches are mentioned: Auserkasten (St. Peter am Anger), Kasten, Lanzendorf, Schildberg and Stössing. A parish school was probably built in the 13th century, even if a schoolmaster was not documented until 1532. Around the middle of the 14th century, a relatively large new church was built, from which today's west tower, but also the core of the baroque nave come. However, the building was only provided with an emergency roof. It was probably brought to a standstill by the plague and famine in the middle of the 14th century and remained a temporary measure until the 18th century. The secular seat of power in Böheimkirchen was outside of the village by the so-called "Barren Castle". The lords of the castle, who we have met since 1197 as "Schenken von Wolfsberg", died out after 1381. Then the rule belonged, among other things, to Albrecht von Ebersdorf, a follower of King Friedrich III., Who sold it on to the Lords of Zelking in 1458. In 1446 pastors and rulers fought over the taxes from the cellars and meat banks on the mountain on which the church stands. It was about the area where the town hall and community center are today. 1451 reached Albrecht von Ebersdorf with Friedrich III. for Böheimkirchen the award of a year and weekly market around Jakobi and every Monday. Last but not least, the reconstruction of the parish church, which was confidently begun, stands for the prosperity of that time, where a new church of considerable dimensions and quality was built in 1518 with the magnificent presbytery over a crypt. A first town hall was also built for the self-administration of the market.

Early modern age

In the following years, crises ended the late medieval heyday. After the Turkish invasion of 1529, a tax estimate reads: “This margkt (had) been rented out.” In 1558 the parsonage was still “desolate and worn out”. A sovereign directive ordered the church yards to be fortified, which also happened in Böheimkirchen in the 16th century. A defensive tower at the northeast corner of the cemetery is still preserved.

Town houses in the Lower Market, around 1910.

In addition to the difficulties caused by the war, there was the Reformation. As early as 1527, pastor Christoph Seidl complained about disputes and insults on the part of Mr. David von Trauttmansdorff on Totzenbach. After 1560 there were also clergymen in Böheimkirchen who followed Protestant ideas. After the Abbey of St. Pölten had overcome its internal crisis, a Catholic pastor was again attested in 1586 in the form of the Canon Matthias Leopold. After decades of devastation, Leopold is also likely to have rebuilt the rectory - a beautiful one-column room from the late renaissance dates from his time. After the Lords of Zelking died out in 1639, the freed Wolfberg lordship including Böheimkirchen was united with Totzenbach. When a giant Turkish army surrounded Vienna in July 1683, Tartar riders also attacked Böheimkirchen, where 23 town houses burned down in addition to the church and rectory. The lasting deed of the Baroque period was the extensive church renovation between 1731 and 1734. The initiative for this came from the St. Pölten Abbey. As a contemporary oil painting in the upper cloister of St. Pölten Cathedral proves, an imposing west facade with a baroque tower was also planned in Böheimkirchen, but this was not done for cost reasons. In 1752, the collaboration between citizens and rulers brought a hospital into being. In the 18th century there was also evidence of a civil guard that had existed for some time. Their task was to ward off the danger of fire and to march out for church processions.

Modern history and contemporary history

The Napoleonic armies invaded at the beginning of the 19th century. In 1805 French soldiers extorted money from the market judge several times and a resident was shot by looters. In 1809 most of the market residents had fled from the advancing French, their empty houses were plundered by soldiers passing through, and even the parish church was broken into and devastated. In 1833/34 the Neulengbach - St. Pölten road was made passable, with bridges being built over Michelbach and Perschling in Böheimkirchen - until then there had only been fords and pedestrian walkways. In the decades after the church was founded (1850), communal institutions emerged that are indispensable today: the post office in 1851, the Westbahn in 1858 , which made Böheimkirchen a popular summer retreat. The school was expanded to six classes by 1894. Since the 1860s, senior teacher Franz Schmidl laid out the park with the stately lime tree avenue. The fire brigade was founded in 1873 and the gendarmerie post has existed since 1877. In 1897 the current town hall was built on the site of the old one. In 1910 the market had 907 residents in 97 houses.

72 Böheimkirchner died in the First World War, and hardship and inflation followed the end of the war. Nevertheless, there was astonishing progress: In 1920, a lighting cooperative was founded to supply the market and the surrounding towns with electricity, in 1926 the Sisters of the Cross from Laxenburg built a kindergarten, a cinema was built and the community school was founded, expanded to 12 classes in 1929 and converted into a secondary school. In the Second World War 202 Böheimkirchner died at the front and around 230 people died in the retreat fighting in 1945 in the municipality. With the handover of the new market coat of arms and the groundbreaking ceremony for the anniversary settlement, the founding of the parish 900 years ago was commemorated in 1952. In 1971 Böheimkirchen was united with the formerly independent municipality of Jeutendorf. In the following years a new parish center, a secondary school with an indoor swimming pool and new bases for the Red Cross and the fire brigade were built. The year 1985 was memorable when Böheimkirchen celebrated its 1000th anniversary. Since then, Böheimkirchen has taken on a further upswing by getting a motorway connection in 1988, opening up a flourishing business area, setting up kindergartens in Stockhofstrasse and Aufeldstrasse, but also large-volume residential buildings, a specialist market center, additions to the elementary school and a new police station. Most recently, the old town hall was expanded into a modern community center.

politics

Mayor and National Councilor Johann Hell (2014)

Since the constituent meeting of the municipal council after the municipal council election on January 26, 2020, the mayor of the market town has been the member of the National Councilor Johann Hell . The municipal council consists of 25 mandataries. After the new constitution of the municipal council based on the results of the 2020 municipal council elections, the mandates are distributed as follows: SPÖ 13, ÖVP 9, Greens 2, FPÖ 1.

Population development

According to the results of the 2001 census , there were 4,506 inhabitants. In 1991 the market town had 4,145 inhabitants, in 1981 3,946 and in 1971 3,828 inhabitants.

Culture and sights

Parish church Böheimkirchen

South-east view of the branch church Lanzendorf with the leaning tower

• See also:  List of listed objects in Böheimkirchen
• Parish church hl. James the Elder
• Lanzendorfer Martinskirche

Personalities

Sons and daughters

• Hans Ankwicz-Kleehoven (1883–1962), art historian and state librarian
• Ingrid Korosec (* 1940), politician (ÖVP)
• Sabine Mitterecker (* 1963), theater director

People with a relationship with the market town

• Manfred Deix (1949–2016), caricaturist, graphic artist and cartoonist, grew up in Böheimkirchen
• Johann Hell (* 1955), politician (SPÖ), mayor of Böheimkirchen
• Daniela Zeller (* 1976), former Ö3 presenter, grew up in Böheimkirchen

economy

Due to its position as a mother parish and the annual and weekly markets, Böheimkirchen rose to become a regional economic center as early as the late Middle Ages, so that the first bourgeois trades became tangible here even then. Banntaiding in the early 16th century issued separate regulations for butchers, bakers and landlords. For the year 1746, the land register in the market names 20 traders.

Böheimkirchen experienced a major upswing with the creation of the southern operating area after 1988. There were 177 non-agricultural workplaces in 2001, and 152 agricultural and forestry operations according to the 1999 survey. The number of people in employment at the place of residence was 2071 according to the 2001 census. The participation rate in 2001 was 47.04 percent.

literature

• Wolfgang Häusler: History of Böheimkirchen , 1985

Web links

Commons : Böheimkirchen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Marktgemeinde Böheimkirchen Homepage of the municipality

• 31903 - Böheimkirchen. Community data, Statistics Austria .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
2. ^ P. Jacobus Tisch, History of Böheimkirchen, in: www.boeheimkirchen.noe.gv.at/Kultur/Geschichte
3. ↑ P. Jacobus Tisch, More than just neighbors. Böheimkirchen and Totzenbach and their common history, in: Schloss Geschichte (n). The history of Schloss Totzenbach and its immediate surroundings from the Middle Ages to the 19th century, Totzenbach 2016, pp. 148–159.
4. ↑ Changes to the community from 1945 (associations, partitions, name and status changes). Statistics Austria, p. 48 , accessed on February 11, 2019 . 
5. ↑ Results of the municipal council election 2020 in Böheimkirchen. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, January 26, 2020, accessed on February 25, 2020 . 
6. ↑ orf.at - Vegetarian food by Daniela Zeller . Retrieved June 4, 2015.
7. ↑ Wolfgang Häusler, Geschichte von Böheimkirchen, 1985, page 157.