Van der Waals radius

The van der Waals radius (after Johannes Diderik van der Waals ) of an atom is the radius of an imaginary hard sphere , which is used as a model for atomic behavior. Van der Waals radii are determined by the distances in (not chemically linked) pairs of atoms in crystals . ${\displaystyle r_{w}}$

Table of van der Waals radii in picometers (pm)

group	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	10	11	12	13	14th	15th	16	17th	18th
period
1	H 110																	He 140
2	Li 182	Be 153											B 192	C 170	N 155	O 152	F 147	Ne 154
3	Na 227	Mg 173											Al 184	Si 210	P 180	P 180	Cl 175	Ar 188
4th	K 275	Ca 231	Sc -	Ti -	V -	Cr -	Mn -	Fe -	Co -	Ni 163	Cu 140	Zn 139	Ga 187	Ge 211	As 185	Se 190	Br 185	Kr 202
5	Rb 303	Sr 249	Y -	Zr -	Nb -	Mon -	Tc -	Ru -	Rh -	Pd 163	Ag 172	Cd 158	In 193	Sn 217	Sb 206	Te 206	I 198	Xe 216
6th	Cs 343	Ba 268	La -	Hf -	Ta -	W -	Re -	Os -	Ir -	Pt 175	Au 166	Hg 155	Tl 196	Pb 202	Bi 207	Po 197	At 202	Rn 220
7th	Fr 348	Ra 283

In addition, there is a value for uranium of 186 pm.

The van der Waals volume is given as . ${\displaystyle V_{w}={\frac {4}{3}}\pi r_{w}^{3}}$

See also

• Atomic radius , covalent radius
• Van der Waals forces
• Van der Waals equation , virial expansion

literature

• Ulrich Müller: Inorganic Structural Chemistry. 5th, revised and expanded edition. Teubner, Wiesbaden 2006, ISBN 3-8351-0107-2 , pp. 74-75.

Web links

• van der Waals radii In: Structural Biology Glossary , imb-jena.de (English)

Individual evidence

1. ^ R. Scott Rowland, Robin Taylor: Intermolecular Nonbonded Contact Distances in Organic Crystal Structures: Comparison with Distances Expected from van der Waals Radii. In: The Journal of Physical Chemistry. Vol. 100, No. 18, 1996, pp. 7384-7391, doi : 10.1021 / jp953141 + .
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak} A. Bondi: van der Waals Volumes and Radii. In: The Journal of Physical Chemistry. Vol. 68, No. 3, 1964, pp. 441-451, doi: 10.1021 / j100785a001 .
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p} Manjeera Mantina, Adam C. Chamberlin, Rosendo Valero, Christopher J. Cramer, Donald G. Truhlar: Consistent van der Waals Radii for the Whole Main Group. In: Journal of Physical Chemistry A . Vol. 113, No. 19, 2009, pp. 5806-5812, doi: 10.1021 / jp8111556 .