Vanadium group
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Position in the periodic table
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| group | 5 |
| period | |
| 4th |
23 V |
| 5 |
41 Nb |
| 6th |
73 days |
| 7th |
105 Db |
The 5th group of the periodic table contains the elements vanadium , niobium , tantalum and the element 105 dubnium , which was first produced in 1967 . The group is also known as the vanadium group after the first member .
All metals from the group have similar chemical properties (in the form of oxidation states +5 and +3). Niobium and tantalum often occur together in nature due to the atomic and ionic radii being almost identical due to the lanthanide contraction . The oxides of vanadium, niobium and tantalum were previously referred to as acid earths or earth acids because of their acidic character.
| Surname | Vanadium | niobium | Tantalum | Dubnium |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Melting point | 2183 K (1910 ° C) | 2750 K (2477 ° C) | 3290 K (3017 ° C) | ? |
| boiling point | 3680 K (3407 ° C) | 5017 K (4744 ° C) | 5731 K (5458 ° C) | ? |
| density | 6.11 g cm −3 | 8.57 g cm −3 | 16.65 g cm −3 | ? |
| Appearance | steel gray metallic, shimmering bluish |
gray metallic | gray metallic | ? |
| Atomic radius | 135 pm | 145 pm | 145 pm | ? |
- The metals
Vanadium crystals, 99.95%
Niobium Crystals, 99.995%
Tantalum single crystal, 99.999%
Individual evidence
- ^ Wissenschaft-Online-Lexika: Entry on vanadium group in the Lexikon der Physik , accessed on February 21, 2009
- ^ Mineralienatlas.de Niobium. Retrieved September 14, 2010.
- ↑ Web elements (vanadium)
- ↑ Web elements (niobium)
- ↑ Web elements (tantalum)