Soft
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Coordinates: 48 ° 23 ' N , 11 ° 25' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Bavaria | |
| Administrative region : | Upper Bavaria | |
| County : | Dachau | |
| Height : | 468 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 18.81 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 3527 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 187 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 85258 | |
| Area code : | 08136 | |
| License plate : | DAH | |
| Community key : | 09 1 74 151 | |
| Community structure: | 12 parts of the community | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Spring street 11 85258 softs |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Harald Mundl ( Vistula City Council ) | |
| Location of the community of Weichs in the district of Dachau | ||
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Weichs is a municipality in the Upper Bavarian district of Dachau .
geography
location
Weichs is located in the Munich region in the Glonn Valley in the northern district of Dachau . The neighboring communities are Markt Indersdorf , Petershausen , Vierkirchen and the community Jetzendorf , which, however, already belongs to the Pfaffenhofen district. In terms of structure, Weichs can be assigned to rural areas.
Immediately adjacent communities are:
| Jetzendorf ( Pfaffenhofen district ) | ||
| Market Indersdorf |
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Petershausen |
| Vierkirchen |
Community structure
The municipality has twelve officially named municipal parts (the type of settlement is given in brackets ):
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The approximately 1,880 hectare community of Weichs consists of the districts Asbach, Pasenbach and Weichs.
Landscape and water
Weichs is located in the wide, scenic Glonntal . To the south, the valley merges into the gentle hilly landscape of the Dachauer Land. Likewise to the north in the hilly landscape of the district of Pfaffenhofen. These hilly landscapes are known as the Danube-Isar hill country .
The Glonn, an approximately 50 km long, left tributary of the Amper in Upper Bavaria , crosses the municipality from southwest to northeast. The two most important tributaries of the Glonn in the municipality are the Erlbach and the Ebersbach. The Erlbach flows towards the Glonn on the western outskirts. The Ebersbach flows east of Weichs at the level of the Ebersbach district towards the Glonn. To the east of the Weichs and to the left of the Glonn lies the Weichser Moos . The "Weichser Moos" nature reserve is around 55 hectares in size. Rare animal and plant species threatened with extinction can be found here.
Weichs is located on the historic Altbaierischer Oxenweg , which was one of several ox- driving routes that led from Augsburg to the Dachau region and on to Hungary. Weichs is located on the so-called Dachau Jakobsweg , which Dachau-Agil has signposted with the European Jakobswegzeichen.
About 15% of the municipal area is forested, almost 80% is used for agriculture. Only five percent are populated or occupied by roads and uses.
topography
Weichs lies at 468 m above sea level. NHN . The highest point in the municipality is the Lackenberg (523 m above sea level ) northwest of Fränking . The lowest point (458 m above sea level ) is where the Glonn leaves the municipality in Ebersbach. The Kreuzberg in the neighboring town of Aufhausen offers a sweeping view of the Glonntal and probably had cultic significance as early as the time of the Celts; it is still used today as a Jaudusplatz to burn down the Easter bonfires. On the Kreuzberg, a monument with four Jura blocks represents a circle in which the eternal and the recurring are symbolized. The four blocks represent the four elements earth, water, fire and air. The upright, curved stone on the connecting line between the churches in Weichs and Aufhausen is the symbol for people involved in the cycle of nature.
Spatial location
Weichs is in the geographical triangle of the cities of Ingolstadt in the north, Munich in the south, and Augsburg in the west.
The distances to larger places in the area are:
- Markt Indersdorf (distance approx. 4.2 km),
- Dachau (distance approx. 17.1 km),
- Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm (distance approx. 23.4 km),
- Aichach (distance approx. 27.8 km),
- Freising (distance approx. 28.2 km),
- Augsburg (distance approx. 47.8 km),
- Munich (distance approx. 35 km),
- Ingolstadt (distance approx. 60.7 km).
Transport links
State road 2054 and district road DAH 11 intersect in Weichs. The nearest S-Bahn station on line S2 of the Munich Transport and Tariff Association (MVV) is about four kilometers to the east in Vierkirchen . The shortest connection to the A 9 motorway (Nuremberg-Munich) is in Allershausen . The shortest connection to the A 8 motorway (Stuttgart-Munich) is in Sulzemoos .
history
origin
Weichs was first mentioned in a document in 807. On May 16, 807, the noble Deotpurc de Wihse (Weichs) donated their property there to the cathedral in Freising . It was the time of Charlemagne , the bishopric Freising was the cultural and administrative center of Upper Bavaria . In the following centuries the town of Weichs appeared occasionally in the documents, but more often a knightly family, which was called "the Weichser" or "von Weichs" . They carried the coat of arms still used by the community today, went to tournaments, belonged to the state estates that wrested their freedom as court lords from the Bavarian dukes in 50 state parliaments. The name of the place can be derived from common Germanic " wīhsą " as well as from the Latin name " vicus ", a smaller form of settlement, which linguistically developed via "Wihs" to today's Weichs .
middle Ages
Weichs belonged to the Munich Rent Office and the Kranzberg district court of the Electorate of Bavaria . The barons of Weichs and the Counts of Spreti owned open court stamps here .
The noble family von Weichs became the ducal caretakers and canons of Freising. Documents, seals and gravestones bear witness to them. Until the end of the Middle Ages, you hardly hear anything about the town of Weichs and its people.
In 1266 the first pastor was mentioned. This makes the parish of Weichs one of the oldest parishes in the Dachau district. The Konradinische Matrikel from 1315 mentions Weichs with two branch churches.
In 1367 there was talk of a host Geiselbrecht. This defined the three cornerstones of the world at that time: rulership, church and tavern.
In 1458 the three sons of the knight Paul von Weichs divided the Hofmark into three parts. However, around 1540 two of them came together again in one hand. In 1560, with the death of the childless Georg von Weichs, his remaining third was converted into a fideicommiss, ie the inalienable trust property "⅓ Weichs". Since then, the two parts have almost always remained in different hands.
Late Middle Ages to the Enlightenment
At the end of the 15th century, St. Martin was built as a Gothic parish church. In 1490, the Freising canon Wolfgang von Weichs donated the Early Mass Benefice to Weichs. Shortly before his death, his cousin Georg von Weichs wanted to found a hospital in Weichs. It opened in 1566 to accommodate the elderly, frail. These two institutions have shaped local life for more than 300 years.
The lords of "⅔ Weichs", barons from 1623, died out in 1655 at the ancestral castle. The master castle then changed hands frequently. In Dasing and other places, however, the Wigulaeus line continued to flourish. This line provided the Bavarian rulers with capable officials and soldiers in every generation. The Engelhart line emigrated to the Rhineland around 1610 , where later Wittelsbachers were archbishops and electors of Cologne and bishops of several other dioceses for 200 years. The Vistans there served them in high ecclesiastical and secular offices. As occasional owners of "⅓ Weichs" they stayed in touch with the town of Weichs.
Weichs was also affected by the Thirty Years' War : In 1634, 1646 and 1648 Swedes, Spaniards, French, Imperialists and Bavarians roamed the country, robbing and plundering. Many farms and the hospital suffered great damage. The oldest surviving church book began in 1643. In 1652 the first teacher was recorded. From 1720 to 1725 the church was enlarged and received a baroque interior. In 1736 the miller's house was rebuilt after a fire.
Kingdom of Bavaria
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In 1774 the Fideicommiss rulers "⅓ Weichs" rebuilt their ramshackle castle, which is now the home of the poor school sisters. In 1818, when Weichs became an independent municipality, half of the town burned down. Of the newly built houses, only the former hospital, Freiherrnstrasse 30. In 1848, the 500-year rule of the Hofmark ended with the liberation of the peasants. The barons von Weichs' castle was converted into a monastery with an attached school in 1852 . Thanks to the generosity of the Baustädter brothers, a girls' school and the preparatory facility for the poor school sisters of Our Lady came into being . The order is also known as the "Gerhardinger Sisters" after the founder of the order Karolina Gerhardinger (1797–1879).
In 1853 the long-neglected castle of the former " 2 ⁄ 3 rulership" of Weichs was demolished.
In 1862 the first small factory was built on Erlbach, a machine foundry. From 1861 the old mill was converted into an industrial company, which was modernized again and again until it was shut down in 1974.
German Empire
From 1874 to 1876 the appearance of the town changed significantly: the parish church was extended by two bays, half of the old saddle roof tower was rebuilt and a new roof with a pointed helmet was put on it. The Bücherl'sche Wirtshaus was inaugurated in 1894, the Schmied property at Freiherrnstrasse 7 in 1910.
In the 1920s, Adolf Wagner founded the highland shoe factory.
From 1945
The administrative community with Vierkirchen , founded in 1978, was dissolved again in 1980.
21st century
In 2007, Weichs was able to celebrate the official 1200th anniversary with a festival program spread over the year. The “ Freising Traditions ” indicate July 15, 807 as the date of the first mention.
Incorporations
On April 1, 1971, parts of the community of Frauenhofen were incorporated. On January 1, 1972, parts of the former communities of Ainhofen and Pasenbach followed . Ebersbach has been a district of Weichs since 1978.
Population development
The population figures from 1840 onwards refer to the territorial status on May 25, 1987.
| year | 1840 | 1871 | 1900 | 1925 | 1939 | 1950 | 1961 | 1970 | 1987 | 1991 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 | 2016 | 2018 | 2019 |
| population | 791 | 895 | 1,094 | 1,123 | 1,057 | 1,593 | 1,464 | 1,769 | 2,410 | 2,581 | 2,930 | 3,004 | 3,161 | 3.151 | 3,345 | 3,380 | 3,509 | 3,647 |
Between 1988 and 2018 the municipality grew from 2,460 to 3,509 by 1,049 inhabitants or 42.6%.
politics
mayor
First Mayor Harald Mundl (Vistula City Council) has been in office since May 1, 2008. In the local elections in Bavaria in 2008 , he replaced the incumbent Franz Eichinger (Free Voters) with 63.87% of the vote in the runoff election. On March 16, 2014, he was confirmed in office with just over 90 percent in the 2014 local elections . With 94.27 percent, he was confirmed in office for another six years in the 2020 mayoral election.
Predecessors as mayor of Weichs were:
- M. Fottner (1876–1888)
- S. Ernst (1888-1894)
- M. Fottner (1894–1906)
- J. Reindl (1906-1919)
- J. Geitner (1919-1929)
- J. Riedl (1929-1937)
- A. Fair weather (1937–1945)
- M. Wallner (1945-1946)
- J. Erlewein (1946–1948)
- L. Fischer (1948–1952)
- Anton Riedl (1952–1978)
- Georg Hailer (1978–1990)
- Martin Edelmann (1990-2002)
- Franz Eichinger (2002-2008)
Political groups
In the council sitting after the local elections in 2020 16 representatives:
- Vistula citizens' council with 5 seats
- CSU with 5 seats
- Soft voters with 2 seats
- SPD with 2 seats
- Alliance 90 / The Greens with 2 seats.
coat of arms
The description of the coat of arms reads: In silver, a curled and rising black tip. The coat of arms is derived from the von Weichs noble family.
household
The total budget of the municipality of Weichs in 2019 is EUR 8.28 million. The community's debt level has been falling continuously for years. With a total of 3,647 inhabitants, the arithmetic per capita debt is EUR 886.38.
Administrative community
From 1978 to 1980 there was an administrative community of Vierkirchen and Weichs.
Culture and sights
Attractions
The sights of the municipality of Weichs include:
- Weichs war memorial
- War memorial
- Parish Church of St. Martin
Churches
- Parish Church of St. Martin
- Filial church St. Georg and Maria in Ebersbach
- Filial church St. Stephanus in Aufhausen
- Filial church St. Katharina in Eglersried
- Filial church St. Andreas in Gundackersdorf.
societies
The following associations are listed in the register of associations of the municipality of Weichs:
- Bund Naturschutz Ortsgruppe Weichs
- FC Ebersbach 1982 eV
- Schützenverein Gemütlichkeit 1907 eV
- BC Aufhausen
- Initiative to support children and young people in Weichs e. V.
- Maschkera Committee of Weichs
- Schützengesellschaft Bavaria Weichs
- Rifle club "Glück Auf" Aufhausen
- Sports club Weichs 1947 e. V.
- Traditional costume association "D´Kreuzbergler" Weichs
- Western club Weichs "THE UNDERTAKER`S" e. V.
- Stick shooters
- Fruit and horticultural association Weichs eV
Freetime activities
There are sports facilities in some parts of the community.
Economy and Infrastructure
Economy including agriculture and forestry
In 1998, according to official statistics, there were no employees at the place of work in the manufacturing industry 46 or in the trade and transport sector. In other economic sectors 130 people were employed at the place of work subject to social security contributions. There were a total of 1064 employees at the place of residence subject to social insurance contributions. In 2016, there was one company with 20 or more employees in the manufacturing sector and 4 companies in the main construction sector. In addition, in 2010 there were 23 farms with an agricultural area of 1,255 hectares, 986 hectares of which were arable land. The number of livestock in 2010 was 1,165 cattle, 20 pigs, 141 horses and 58 chickens.
Land use
The total area of the municipality of Weichs on December 31, 2016 was 1,881 ha. 126 ha of this was populated, 71 ha of traffic, 16 ha of water, 297 ha of forest and 1,255 ha of agricultural land.
Motorization
In 2017, Weichs had 2,612 vehicles, including 2,079 cars and 252 motorcycles.
education
Educational institutions
The following facilities exist in Weichs:
- Kindergarten: 260 kindergarten and after-school care places (Kindergarten house Weichs under construction - move-in from 2021)
- Primary school : a two-class primary school with 15 teachers, 168 students and the social dog "Nox" (2019)
- Theresia-Gerhardinger-Realschule of the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising (until 2008/2009 Kloster Weichs )
The closest grammar school is Markt Indersdorf grammar school .
Theresia-Gerhardinger-Realschule
Today's Archbishopric Theresia-Gerhardinger-Realschule Weichs was initially a teacher training institute for the next generation of the Order, the so-called preparandy , from 1853. In 1952 the school became a junior high school for girls with boarding. The nuns ran the school until 2004. The former girls' secondary school in Weichs has also been accepting boys since 2004 and bears the name of the founder of the order of the poor school sisters: Theresia Gerhardinger. Theresia Gerhardinger is considered to be the “inventor” of the Realschule, which, as a housekeeping and commercial school, formed the basis for the later four-class Bavarian Realschule.
The Archbishop's Theresia-Gerhardinger-Realschule Weichs (TGRS) is an open all-day school sponsored by the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising. As a state-recognized school, it provides the educational offer of the Realschule in accordance with the Bavarian Education and Teaching Act (BayEUG Art. 101). State standards apply to admission, performance requirements and final exams. The qualification is recognized by the state and on an equal footing with that of state secondary schools.
Picture gallery
Weichs war memorial for the dead and missing of the Franco-German War 1870/71, as well as the First and Second World Wars
Weichs war memorial
Filial church St. Georg and Maria, Ebersbach
Ebersbach Farm Museum
Landscape monument Aufhausen (Weichs) - symbol earth - traditional place of the Easter bonfires
Former economic building of the mill property on the Glonn in Weichs
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literature
- Weichs Municipality, Weichs 1989.
- Max Gruber, Hella Neuner: History and meaning of the communities. In: Heimatbuch Landkreis und Stadt Dachau, Dachau 1971.
- Johann Holdenried, Alois Kammermeier: Chronicle of Weichs , Ebersbach 2007 (self-published by Kammermeier).
Web links
- Official website of the municipality
- Entry on the coat of arms of Weichs in the database of the House of Bavarian History
- Hans Schertl: Churches and chapels in the community of Weichs
- Weichs: Official statistics of the LfStat
- Historic soft mill
Individual evidence
- ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ^ Municipality of Weichs in the local database of the Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online . Bavarian State Library, accessed on September 10, 2019.
- ^ Freising tradition book
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 444 .
- ^ Bavarian State Office for Statistics: Municipality of Weichs. In: https://www.statistik.bayern.de/statistikkommunal/09174151.pdf . Bavarian State Office for Statistics, February 2, 2018, accessed on July 10, 2018 (German).
- ↑ https://www.statistik.bayern.de/mam/produkte/veroffnahmungen/statistische_berichte/a1210c_201800.pdf
- ↑ Weichs: Harald Mundl is happy about 94.45 percent. In: Münchner Merkur . March 16, 2020, accessed March 17, 2020 .
- ↑ Harald Mundl: Local elections 2020 . In: Municipality of Weichs (ed.): Weichser Gemeindeblatt . Weichs 2020, p. 5 .
- ↑ a b c Editor: Weichser Gemeindeblatt . Ed .: Municipality of Weichs. No. 29 . Soft December 2019.
- ^ Website of the Markt Indersdorf grammar school
- ^ Website of the Theresia-Gerhardinger-Realschule Weichs
