Ydes
| Ydes | ||
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| region | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | |
| Department | Cantal | |
| Arrondissement | Mauriac | |
| Canton | Ydes | |
| Community association | Sumène Artense | |
| Coordinates | 45 ° 21 ′ N , 2 ° 26 ′ E | |
| height | 390-665 m | |
| surface | 20.17 km 2 | |
| Residents | 1,699 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 84 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 15210 | |
| INSEE code | 15265 | |
| Website | www.ydes.fr | |
 Saint Georges church |
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Ydes is a commune with 1,699 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the Cantal in the region of Auvergne Rhône-Alpes ; it belongs to the arrondissement of Mauriac and the canton of Ydes .
geography
The municipality is located in the northwestern foothills of the Monts-du-Cantal massif, around 20 kilometers northwest of Riom-ès-Montagnes and 18 kilometers northeast of Mauriac , on the border with the neighboring Corrèze department of the Limousin region . Neighboring municipalities to Ydes are:
- Madic in the north,
- Saignes in the east,
- Sauvat in the south,
- Bassignac in the southwest and
- Champagnac to the west.
The municipality is crossed from northeast to southwest by the Sumène river, which flows into the upper reaches of the Dordogne about 15 kilometers further . The departmental road D922, which runs from Mauriac to Clermont-Ferrand , opens up the community in terms of traffic.
history
Archaeological finds testify to a Gallo-Roman settlement with baths in the area of the present-day hamlet of Ydes-Bourg , which was the main town of the municipality for long periods. In the 12th century a commander of the Knights Templar was built here, the church of which is still in excellent condition and is considered an excellent example of Romanesque art .
The market town of Ydes-Bourg remained largely a rural village sheltered by the fortress of Château du Châtelet , which was built in the 15th century.
With the industrial revolution , the occurrence of hard coal in the municipal area became very important. Up until then, mining had been carried out by hand by a few inhabitants, but coal mining was industrialized from the end of the 19th century . To this end, the hamlet of L'Hôpital was radically transformed into a lively and trading little market town, which soon took over the function of the community center of Ydes-Bourg . After less than a century, coal was largely replaced by oil and the Ydes coal mines closed in 1959 due to lack of demand and poor quality. Workers' housing estate, factory facilities and transport facilities are still partially visible today. A tourist bike path ( Piste Verte ) was laid out on the former railway line .
Population development
| year | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2009 | 2016 |
| Residents | 2,037 | 1,970 | 1,980 | 1.965 | 1.931 | 1,854 | 1,738 |
economy
Despite the decline of the coal is Ydes also currently still industrially coined. The most important representatives are active in furniture production ( Groupe Lapeyre ) and in the rubber industry for car tires ( Sacatec Industrie ).
Attractions
- Church Église Saint Georges of the 12th century in the hamlet Ydes-Bourg , Monument historique
- Château du Châtelet fortress , 15th century tower, in the hamlet of Montfouilloux
- Castle Château de Trancis from the 19th century, in the hamlet Trancis historique, Monument
Partner municipality
- Sant Joan les Fonts in Spain
