Edvard Moser

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Edvard Moser

Edvard Ingjald Moser (born April 27, 1962 in Ålesund ) is a Norwegian neuroscientist . Together with his wife May-Britt Moser , he is known for his work on spatial orientation and spatial memory , with which for the first time a psychological function on a mechanistic level could be traced back to the function of (individual) neurons . In 2014 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine , along with his wife and John O'Keefe .

Life

Edvard Moser is of German origin; his mother comes from Essen , his father from Kronberg im Taunus . Both parents emigrated from the Federal Republic of Germany to Norway in 1953 when the father got a job as an organ builder there . His grandfather Eduard Moser was born in Nassau in 1900 and was a Protestant pastor in Falkenstein im Taunus .

He and his wife May-Britt Moser studied mathematics, statistics, programming, neurobiology and psychology at the University of Oslo from 1982 . Edvard Moser completed his studies in psychology in 1990. Both obtained a doctorate in neurophysiology from Per Andersen at the University of Oslo . Before and after (as postdocs ) they were together with Richard G. Morris at the University of Edinburgh . Another postdoctoral position took her to John O'Keefe at University College London .

In 1996 they both returned to Norway to take on positions as førsteamanuensis for biopsychology at the Technical and Natural Sciences University of Norway (NTNU) in Trondheim , Edvard Moser from 1998 with a full professorship for neurosciences. In 2002 they both founded the Center for the Biology of Memory there , which was converted into the Kavli Institute for Systemic Neuroscience ( Institutt for systemnevrovitenskap ; English : Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience ) in 2007 and whose director is Edvard Moser and its deputy director May-Britt Moser until 2012 was. Since 2013 (and 2022) is Edvard Moser deputy director of the Norwegian Research Council for over 10 years with 175 million Norwegian crowns (≈ 24 million euros ) funded and his wife led the Center for Neural Computation at the Kavli Institute (Center for Neural calculations, cf. . Computational Neuroscience ). Edvard Moser has been an external scientific member of the Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology since 2015 . Moser Einstein has been a Visiting Fellow at the Berlin Institute of Health since 2018 .

Edvard Moser and his wife each hold a professorship for neurosciences at the NTNU Medical Faculty. The couple has two daughters.

Act

The Moser couple deals with the structures of the ( rat ) brain that are involved in spatial orientation , in planning a route and in the memory of spatial conditions (spatial memory). Neurons that are involved in these tasks can be found in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex , where the Moser's 2005 grid cells (Engl., Translated grid cells ) identified. The grid cells work depending on the movement of an individual through his environment. The coordinate network formed by these cells is made up of equilateral triangles. The discovery of grid cells is considered to be one of the most important developments in neuroscience at the beginning of the 21st century. Grid cells have also been found in mice and bats (and primates ) and are believed to be found in all mammals , even if these cells have not yet been detected in humans.

The couple identified other cell types of the entorhinal cortex, each specialized in recognizing the direction of movement or recognizing the physical boundaries of the environment. The Mosers were also able to show that this information is processed by the neural excitation circuits of the spatial memory in the hippocampus. May-Britt and Edvard Moser explained the way in which the brain calculates the position of the individual in his environment, which has overcome previous ways of thinking in this regard.

More recent work deals with the question of how the grid cells , which are responsible for registering movement in space, interact with the place cells , a cell type described by John O'Keefe that specializes in recognizing certain locations. A freely accessible publication of a review on the topic was published in the journal Cerebrum .

Awards (selection)

literature

  • Leopoldina Newly elected members 2016, Leopoldina, Halle (Saale) 2017, p. 31 ( PDF )

Web links

Commons : Edvard Moser  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Moser, Evard I. at the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies (fens.org); Retrieved December 10, 2013
  2. ↑ a b Edvard Moser at the Nobel Foundation (nobelprize.org); accessed on October 7, 2014.
  3. ↑ "Orgelskatt på fabrikkloft," Sunnmørsposten , February 21, 1994 p.7
  4. ^ Tirza Meyer: rats with hats. faz.net, October 7, 2014, accessed October 7, 2014
  5. ↑ Cheers to home ( memento of the original from November 17, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.taunus-zeitung.de
  6. ^ History of the Evangelical Martin Luther Congregation Falkenstein / Ts
  7. ↑ Stefanie Merker: Nobel Prize Winner Moser becomes an external member of the Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology. Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology, press release from September 11, 2015 at Informationsdienst Wissenschaft (idw-online.de), accessed on September 11, 2015.
  8. ↑ Edvard Moser . In: Einstein BIH Visiting Fellows. Einstein Foundation Berlin, accessed on May 23, 2018.
  9. ↑ a b James Gorman: A Sense of Where You Are. The New York Times , April 29, 2013
  10. ^ E. Moser, MB Moser: Mapping your every move. In: Cerebrum: the Dana forum on brain science. Volume 2014, March 2014, p. 4, PMID 25009694 , PMC 4087187 (free full text).
  11. ↑ Group IV Generally biological - DKNVS. In: dknvs.no. 2010, accessed April 7, 2018 (Bokmål in Norwegian).
  12. ↑ medlemmer Group 7: Medisinske fag at the Norwegian Academy of Sciences (dnva.no); Retrieved November 29, 2013
  13. ^ Fondation Louis-Jeantet - Lauréats. In: jeantet.ch. Retrieved February 11, 2016 (French).
  14. ↑ Norwegian scientists win Perl-UNC Neuroscience Prize at the University of North Carolina (unchealthcare.org)
  15. ^ Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize at Columbia University (columbia.edu); accessed on October 7, 2014
  16. ↑ Edvard Moser. In: nasonline.org. Retrieved April 7, 2018 .
  17. ↑ May-Britt and Edvard Moser - Körber Prize Winners 2014. In: koerber-stiftung.de. September 4, 2014, accessed April 7, 2018 .
  18. ↑ Member entry by Prof. Dr. Edvard Moser at the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina , accessed on June 23, 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Moser, Edvard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Moser, Edvard I .; Moser, Edvard Ingjald (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Norwegian neuroscientist
DATE OF BIRTH April 27, 1962
PLACE OF BIRTH Ålesund