Friedrich zu Solms-Laubach
Friedrich Ludwig Christian Graf zu Solms-Laubach (born August 29, 1769 in Laubach ; † February 24, 1822 in Cologne ) was initially a member of the Imperial Court Council in Vienna . He later became a Prussian civil servant. He was the first - and only - Oberpräsident of the province of Jülich-Kleve-Berg , which shortly after his death was united with the province of Lower Rhine to the south in 1824 to form the Rhine province .
origin
After the early death of his father, the Duke of Braunschweig's Guard Colonel and Adjutant General Georg August Wilhelm zu Solms-Laubach (* 1743), hereditary count as early as 1772, he succeeded grandfather Christian August (* 1714) in government in 1784 , initially under the tutelage of his mother Elisabeth Charlotte Ferdinande , born Princess of Isenburg (1753–1829).
Ancien Régime
Solms-Laubach received an education from a private tutor and then studied law at the University of Giessen from 1786–1789 . He received practical legal training at the Reich Chamber of Commerce . As a representative of the Wetterauer Grafenbank , Solms-Laubach took part in the Reichstag in Regensburg in 1789/90 . In 1790 he took part in the election of Emperor Leopold in Frankfurt am Main .
Between 1791 and 1797 Solms-Laubach was Reichshofrat in Vienna. He then represented the Wetterau Count Bank and the Protestant part of the Westphalian Count College at the Rastatt Congress until 1799 .
Solms-Laubach had justified the request to leave the Reichsdienst, among other things, with the disruption of his personal circumstances. Indeed, in the years of his absence, the county had gone into debt.
In the following years he mainly took care of his possessions. However, he traveled several times to Paris as an envoy from other smaller people .
In connection with the formation of the Rhine Confederation , Solms-Laubach lost its sovereignty to the Grand Duchy of Hesse through the Rhine Confederation Act in 1806 .
family
He married Henriette von Degenfeld-Schomberg (born December 23, 1776 in Stuttgart, † January 26, 1847 in Laubach) in 1797 . Henriette von Degenfeld-Schomberg was the daughter of the landlord Christoph Graf von Degenfeld-Schomberg and his wife Friederike Helene Elisabeth born. Riedesel Freiin zu Eisenbach, as well as granddaughter of the General and Minister of War Christoph Martin von Degenfeld-Schomberg . The marriage produced four sons and one daughter:
- Otto (1799–1872) ⚭ 1832 Princess Luitgarde zu Wied (* March 4, 1813 - June 9, 1870), daughter of Johann August Karl zu Wied
- Reinhard (1801–1870), Prussian major general ⚭ 1836 Princess Ida zu Isenburg-Büdingen in Büdingen (March 10, 1817 - July 31, 1900), daughter of Ernst Casimir I.
- Rudolf (March 1, 1803 - October 28, 1884)
- Georg (October 24, 1805 - April 3, 1870)
- Ottilie (born July 29, 1807; † May 21, 1884) ⚭ 1828 Prince Friedrich Wilhelm Ferdinand zu Solms-Braunfels (1797–1873)
Wars of Liberation and Congress of Vienna
In 1813, Solms-Laubach held a key position in the central administration department of Freiherr vom Stein . He was responsible for the credit system, for the central hospice administration and the Rhine shipping octrois. In addition, he was a representative at the courts of the former Rhine federal states Hesse-Darmstadt and Nassau to monitor their liabilities for the joint military costs against France . Even after the end of the central administration department, Solms-Laubach kept the administration of the Rhine shipping administration. It was not until 1817 that the Rhine Shipping Commission took its place. He played a key role in preparing for the establishment of this commission.
At the Vienna Congress of 1814/15 he was an advisor to Hardenberg and above all to von Steins. Solms-Laubach was also involved in drafting a constitution by Stein and Hardenberg. He also negotiated it in Vienna . But the draft failed due to concerns from various quarters. Since the same year he was one of the most important noble interest representatives as the chairman of the Association of Mediatists . At the Congress of Vienna, for example, he advocated the mediatized in Baden and Württemberg .
In 1815 Solms pleaded in a memorandum for a German imperial dignity in favor of the House of Habsburg .
Chief President
Against the backdrop of Napoleon's return from exile, Solms-Laubach entered the Prussian civil service in 1815 without giving up hope of the renewal of the empire. Instead of preserving the province of Lower Rhine as hoped , Solms was appointed Upper President of the Province of Jülich-Cleve-Berg in 1816, with his office in Cologne, and at the same time the first district president in Cologne. After Solm's death, the two provinces were united to form the Rhine Province.
Solms-Laubach was already actively involved in the redesign of the new province in advance. The organization of the administration of the province in Cologne essentially followed his suggestions. He also played a key role in dividing the area into counties. In numerous reports, he later commented on the further development of the office of chief president. The aim was to improve their competencies compared to those of the district governments and to increase the influence of the upper presidents over the central government. This was included in the instruction of 1817 and the departmental regulations of 1818. On December 6, 1817, he resigned the presidium of the Cologne government in accordance with Section 13 of the above-mentioned instructions for the upper presidents.
Solms-Laubach's main task was the integration of the Rhenish population into the Prussian state. This was made more difficult by measures taken by the central government. This includes the censorship of Rhenish Mercury and the treatment of Joseph Görres . In particular, the transition to the era of reaction with the resolutions of Karlsbad and the failure to keep the constitutional promise of Friedrich Wilhelm III. made Solms-Laubach's job difficult. In addition, there was criticism of conscription, the fear of losing the French-influenced judicial system and the negative economic effects of the lifting of the continental blockade. For Solms-Laubach, the fact that he was not a centralist and bureaucrat in the sense of Hardenberg, but rather stood on the more liberal line of von Steins.
In 1818 he became the first curator of the newly founded University of Bonn . In 1819 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .
Notable lord in the Grand Duchy of Hesse
In connection with the establishment of the Rhine Confederation , Solms-Laubach had lost its sovereignty to the newly formed Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1806 . Like the heads of the other mediatized houses, Friedrich zu Solms-Laubach, as a registrar, received a seat in the first chamber of the estates with the creation of the estates of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . He belonged to this from 1820 until his death in 1822 without formally joining it. He was even appointed President of the Chamber by Ludwig I , but preferred not to appear at the sessions of the Landtag. Hereditary Prince Ludwig chaired the meetings in his place . His son Otto zu Solms-Laubach was his successor as a registrar .
literature
- Alfred Herrmann .: Solms-Laubach, Friedrich Ludwig Christian Graf too . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 54, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1908, pp. 383-391.
- Helmut Prößler: Friedrich Ludwig Christian Graf zu Solms-Laubach 1769 to 1822. His life from 1769 to 1806. Self-published by the Hessian Historical Commission in Darmstadt, 1957 ( sources and research on Hessian history 18 ).
- Horst Romeyk : The leading state and municipal administrative officials of the Rhine Province 1816–1945 (= publications of the Society for Rhenish History . Volume 69 ). Droste, Düsseldorf 1994, ISBN 3-7700-7585-4 , p. 752 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Rhine Federation Act, Article 24
- ↑ Solms-Laubach, Henriette Countess zu. Hessian biography. (As of January 4, 2012). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ^ List of members Leopoldina, Count Friedrich von Solms-Laubach
Friedrich zu Solms-Laubach (1816–1817) | Ludwig vom Hagen (1818–1825) | Daniel Heinrich Delius (1825–1832) | Franz Heinrich Gossen (1832–1834) | Karl Ruppenthal (1834–1838) | Karl von Gerlach (1839–1844) | Gustav von Bonin (1844–1845) | Karl Otto von Raumer (1845–1848) | Heinrich von Wittgenstein (1848) | Eduard von Moeller (1849–1866) | Johann Baptist Birck (1866–1867) | Otto von Bernuth (1867–1884) | Chlodwig von Sydow (1884-1894) | Hugo Samuel von Richthofen (1894–1901) | Max von Balan (1901–1905) | Otto von Steinmeister (1905–1917) | Karl von Starck (1917–1919) | Philipp Brugger (1919–1921) | Sigmund Maria Graf Adelmann von Adelmannsfelden (1922–1926) | Hans Elfgen (1927–1933) | Rudolf zur Bonsen (1933–1934) | Rudolf Diels (1934–1936) | Eggert Reeder (1936–1945) | Karl Eugen Dellenbusch (1942–1944, acting) | Clemens Busch (1945–1947) | Wilhelm Warsch (1947–1957) | Walter Rieger (1957–1958) | Franz Grobben (1958–1966) | Heinrich Stakemeier (1966–1967) | Günter Heidecke (1967–1978) | Franz-Josef Antwerpes (1978–1999) | Jürgen Roters (1999–2005) | Hans Peter Lindlar (2005–2010) | Gisela Walsken (since 2010)
Friedrich zu Solms-Laubach | Albrecht zu Erbach-Fürstenau | Ernst Casimin zu Ysenburg-Büdingen | Otto zu Solms-Laubach | Emil of Hesse and by the Rhine | Friedrich Schenck | Otto zu Solms-Laubach | Ludwig zu Solms-Hohensolms-Lich | Alfred zu Erbach-Fürstenau | Carl von Schlitz called von Görtz | Alexander of Hesse and by the Rhine | Bruno zu Ysenburg and Büdingen | Emil von Schlitz called von Görtz | Karl zu Solms-Hohensolms-Lich
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Solms-Laubach, Friedrich zu |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Solms-Laubach, Friedrich Ludwig Christian zu (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Reichshofrat and Prussian President |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 29, 1769 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Laubach |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 24, 1822 |
| Place of death | Cologne |