Herrnbaumgarten

Herrnbaumgarten is located in the Lower Austrian Weinviertel , the area of the market town covers 16.48 square kilometers, of which 9.11% is forested.

Community structure

There is only the Herrnbaumgarten cadastral community .

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are Großkrut , Schrattenberg , Drasenhofen and Poysdorf .

history

The first documentary mention can be found as Poumgarten in the deed of donation from Emperor Heinrich III . to the Hochstift Passau on July 10, 1056. However, excavations from the Bronze Age and the Younger Stone Age show that a settlement existed here long before this time.

At the end of the 12th century a castle was built for the von Baumgarten family . In the 16th century the castle passed to the House of Liechtenstein .

Thirty Years' War

At the beginning of the war , Herrnbaumgarten was affected, as the Liechtensteiners, as Catholics, were also loyal supporters of Emperor Ferdinand II . In 1619 Count Heinrich Matthias von Thurn advanced as a general of the rebellious Bohemia to the imperial capital and residence city of Vienna . At the same time Bethlen Gábor advanced from Hungary to Nikolsburg and devastated the Liechtenstein estates. In 1620, the imperial troops lay in town all year round. In 1634, when the imperial troops marched through, billeting , contributions and food requisitions were made again .

1645 was another bitter year for the village. Since the imperial troops were defeated by a Swedish Protestant army in the battle of Jankau , the way to Vienna was clear for the Swedish field marshal Lennart Torstensson . However, since he could not take the capital, he took quarters in Mistelbach on April 14th , conquered Laa and Falkenstein , occupied Staatz , took Zistersdorf and stormed Nikolsburg , where large quantities of artillery and ammunition fell into his hands. Also Feldberg had to open its doors. On April 27th Thorstenson moved to Hohenau , which fell three days later. In Altlichtenwarth are 309 in Hausbrunn have been murdered 238 people. Many houses were set on fire. Poysdorf was spared because it provided the Swedish officers and their troops with plenty of the best wine and other food, for which the place even received a letter of protection ( salva guardia ).

Towards the end of April, the Swedes moved against Brno , but Torstensson had to break off the siege of Brno and again unsuccessfully moved against Vienna. 30 villages around Nikolsburg went up in flames. In 1646 peace finally returned.

Battle of Königgrätz

After the lost battle near Königgrätz , troops of soldiers in the saddest condition, without equipment and without order, often without food, marched through the village in a dejected state. Rumors of looting, arson and forced recruitment of able-bodied men set out wide. Whatever was possible was hidden, and cellars were often walled up. On July 16, 1866, scattered Prussian Uhlans came to the village. Until August there were constant billeting and marching through, which meant that the place often had to accommodate several thousand men. Up to 60 soldiers were quartered in some houses. The billeted, however, kept discipline and order and preferred wine, sour milk and lard bread. The damage caused by feeding the soldiers, however, was considerable. Among other things, 35 cows, 189 buckets of wine, 392 Metzen oats as well as hay and bread had to be provided. The fields and the fruits grown on them had suffered greatly from the marches and from being fed to the horses.

In addition, during the campaigns of 1866 , the Prussian soldiers brought cholera in, which claimed 45 lives in Herrnbaumgarten from July 30th to October 4th.

First World War

On July 28, 1914, Austria-Hungary declared war on the Kingdom of Serbia , and on July 31, general mobilization was ordered. 238 Herrnbaumgartners went to the First World War with enthusiasm . The heavy fighting in Galicia against the Russians required a high number of casualties, which was to be compensated for on August 22, 1914 by the convocation of the Landsturm . A total of 17 samples were made. Towards the end of the war, 518 Herrnbaumgartners were under arms. Since the raw materials were becoming increasingly scarce, the church bells on the tower were cut and thrown down on May 1, 1917. On February 14, 1918, the organ was followed by the tin pipes. A total of 95 people were killed in the course of the First World War.

Second World War

At the beginning the years 1914 and 1915 were sampled , some line loyalty was classified as UK (indispensable).

From 1942 war wounded soldiers and children from bomb-prone areas were sometimes guests in the village. On May 21, 1943, 55 Rhinelander came from their homeland, the relationship with the residents was rather tense. Also Stalingrad wounded were taken. On November 7th, 51 to 55-year-olds were drafted , later those born in 1927 and partly in 1928 were drafted into the Wehrmacht . In February 1944 two bombs were dropped on a field. Women and children from the so-called Altreich, so-called “bomb fresheners”, were forcibly quartered.

On October 17th, 60 Banats fleeing the Russians arrived in tarpaulin wagons and, as the Rhinelander had already left the place, could be taken in.

On December 27, an American task force dropped 7 bombs on Herrnbaumgarten. In February 1945 Russian reconnaissance planes could be seen over the village. Sometimes they shot the residents working in the fields. Three houses were damaged in an air raid on April 11th, and a Russian bombing raid took place on April 17th. Five bombs were thrown in the village, four of which were duds. Seven civilians were killed and several buildings were destroyed in the course of these air strikes.

Herrnbaumgarten was occupied by the Red Army on Saturday, April 21, between 8 and 9 a.m. The Russian soldiers came from Großkrut and stood on the heights everywhere. Some had advanced to the site and asked if there were any Germans there. The shop on Hauptstrasse 53 was immediately captured and looted. The Russian-speaking sawmill owner Eichler was waiting for the Russians at the community inn and explained that there were no more Germans present. Two hidden military refugees were shot as spies by the Russians. A dead Russian was found in house number 449 and the house was set on fire.

After the Russian invasion, only 60 cows and 13 horses were left of the approximately 800 cattle and 170 horses. Many wine cellars were full of mud from the spilled wine and could not be entered for weeks.

This war claimed 142 dead or missing. The Herrnbaumgartner men fought on all fronts, but especially in the 44th Division in today's Ukraine and then in Stalingrad .

Epidemics

Plague monument

The plague and cholera raged several times in Herrnbaumgarten.

The first time in the summer of 1349.
In December 1691 there was the first death from the plague, by January 29, 1692 another 11 people died.
The year 1713 was particularly bad. All roads to neighboring towns were closed and guarded. The first to die on June 28th was a 10-year-old girl, which was kept secret. It only became known when all the other residents of the house fell ill and died. The deceased were first buried outside the cemetery, later a separate plague cemetery was used. Around 3 residents died every day in mid-August. The doctor died on August 14th, but the father fell ill on August 15th and recovered. The plague ended on November 10th and claimed 105 victims.
In 1836 8 people died of cholera.
In 1855 cholera broke out again. 130 people died as a result by September.
In 1866 cholera was introduced by Prussian soldiers and 45 residents died.

Population development

In 1831 the place had 1750 residents.

In 1835 there were 268 houses with 1830 residents.

In 1870 there were 314 houses with 1712 inhabitants.

The decline in the number of inhabitants in the 20th century was stopped at the turn of the millennium.

politics

Image wanted

The municipal council has 15 members.

With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 1990, the municipal council had the following distribution: 14 ÖVP, 3 SPÖ and 2 FPÖ. (19 members)
With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 1995, the municipal council had the following distribution: 14 ÖVP, 2 FPÖ, 2 SPÖ and 1 Greens.
With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 2000, the municipal council had the following distribution: 12 ÖVP, 3 SPÖ, 3 FPÖ and 1 Greens.
With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 2005 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 13 ÖVP, 4 SPÖ and 2 FPÖ.
With the municipal elections in Lower Austria in 2010 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 15 ÖVP, 3 SPÖ and 1 FPÖ. (19 members)
With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 2015 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 13 ÖVP and 2 SPÖ.
With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria 2020 , the municipal council has the following distribution: 13 ÖVP and 2 SPÖ.

mayor

1946–1948 Karl Romsy (ÖVP)
until 2010 Helmut Schwalm (ÖVP)
since 2010 Christian Frank (ÖVP)

Culture and sights

Herrnbaumgarten parish church

Nonseum

Herrnbaumgarten village museum

Langer Berg cellar lane

Burgruine Baumgarten: The 12th century at the end of the Baumgarten built castle was in the 16th century to the Liechtenstein over. During the Thirty Years War it was completely destroyed by a Swedish army in 1645 . Today only the Burggasse and the former 17 meter deep castle fountain, which was excavated again in 1982, reminds of the castle. On a painting , which is in the Herrnbaumgartner parish church and is dated 1645, you can still see a tower-like building. Several earth stalls still exist in the area of the former castle .
Catholic parish church in Herrnbaumgarten Immaculate Conception
Nonseum : Museum of nonsense inventions
Herrnbaumgarten village museum with mixed goods store
Kitchen museum
Cinema museum
Labyrinth cellar
Crazy vinotheque
Herrnbaumgarten Theater

economy

In 2001 there were 37 non-agricultural workplaces, agricultural and forestry businesses according to the 1999 survey 147. The number of people in work in the place of residence was 449 according to the 2001 census. In 2001 the activity rate was 46.07 percent.

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the church

Karl Romsy (1903–1989), politician (ÖVP) and farmer

Web links

Commons : Herrnbaumgarten - Collection of images, videos and audio files

31621 - Herrnbaumgarten. Community data, Statistics Austria .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c Ortschronik Herrnbaumgarten
^ Army History Museum / Military History Institute (HGM / MHI) , Military History Research Department (MilFoA), study collection, inventory 1945, box 5, fasc. 45/9, municipality reports Lower Austria, District Mistelbach
^ Statistics Austria, A look at the community of Hernnbaumgarten, population development. Retrieved November 18, 2019 .
^ Result of the local council election 1995 in Herrnbaumgarten. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, March 30, 2000, accessed on March 23, 2020 .
^ Election result of the municipal council election 2000 in Herrnbaumgarten. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, February 4, 2005, accessed on March 23, 2020 .
^ Election result of the municipal council election 2005 in Herrnbaumgarten. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, March 4, 2005, accessed on March 23, 2020 .
^ Election result of the municipal council election 2010 in Herrnbaumgarten. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, October 8, 2010, accessed on March 23, 2020 .
↑ Results of the 2015 municipal council elections in Herrnbaumgarten. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, December 1, 2015, accessed on March 23, 2020 .
↑ Results of the municipal council election 2020 in Herrnbaumgarten. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, January 26, 2020, accessed on March 23, 2020 .
↑ Herrnbaumgarten Castle

[Chronik-1] Ortschronik Herrnbaumgarten

[2] Army History Museum / Military History Institute (HGM / MHI) , Military History Research Department (MilFoA), study collection, inventory 1945, box 5, fasc. 45/9, municipality reports Lower Austria, District Mistelbach

[3] Statistics Austria, A look at the community of Hernnbaumgarten, population development. Retrieved November 18, 2019 .

[NÖGrw1995_31621-4] Result of the local council election 1995 in Herrnbaumgarten. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, March 30, 2000, accessed on March 23, 2020 .

[NÖGrw2000_31621-5] Election result of the municipal council election 2000 in Herrnbaumgarten. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, February 4, 2005, accessed on March 23, 2020 .

[NÖGrw2005_31621-6] Election result of the municipal council election 2005 in Herrnbaumgarten. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, March 4, 2005, accessed on March 23, 2020 .

[NÖGrw2010_31621-7] Election result of the municipal council election 2010 in Herrnbaumgarten. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, October 8, 2010, accessed on March 23, 2020 .

[NÖGrw2015_31621-8] Results of the 2015 municipal council elections in Herrnbaumgarten. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, December 1, 2015, accessed on March 23, 2020 .

[NÖGrw2020_31621-9] Results of the municipal council election 2020 in Herrnbaumgarten. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, January 26, 2020, accessed on March 23, 2020 .

[10] Herrnbaumgarten Castle