Luleå

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Luleå
Luleå coat of arms
Sweden Norrbotten location map.svg
Luleå
Luleå
Localization of Norrbotten in Sweden
State : Sweden
Province  (län): Norrbotten County
Historical Province (landskap): Norrbotten
Municipality  : Luleå
Coordinates : 65 ° 35 '  N , 22 ° 9'  E Coordinates: 65 ° 35 '  N , 22 ° 9'  E
SCB code : 8724
Status: Crime scene
Residents : 43,574 (December 31, 2015)
Area : 27.06 km²
Population density : 1610 inhabitants / km²
Height : 15  m ö.h.
Postal code : 971 00 - 978 20
List of perpetrators in Norrbotten County

Luleå [ ˈlʉːleoː ] ( listen ? / I ) is a town in the northern Swedish province of Norrbotten County and the historic province of Norrbotten . It is located at the mouth of the Lule älv in the Gulf of Bothnia and serves as the seat of the province and capital of the municipality of the same name . In 2015, a good 76,000 people lived in the municipality and over 43,000 people in the crime scene Luleå, after the Björkskatan residential area, which was previously part of the city and located somewhat separately in the northern part, wasspun off as an independent crime scene. Audio file / audio sample

geography

Climate in Luleå
View of Luleå

Luleå is about 110 kilometers south of the Arctic Circle at the northern end of the Baltic Sea .

The climate is cool and temperate with cold winters and mild summers with an average annual temperature of 1.3 ° C. The total annual precipitation is 490 mm. Every twelve months are humid .

history

When Luleå was first mentioned in documents in 1327, it was on the site of today's Gammelstad . It developed into a market square and the center of a parish which at that time comprised almost all of Norrbotten. A stone church was built in the 14th century - the largest north of Uppsala - and a church village was built around the church. In 1621 the place got city rights.

Luleå around 1700

Due to the Scandinavian uplift , it became more and more difficult to enter the port, and in 1649 the place was relocated under its current name about eleven kilometers further southeast to its current location, while the church village was renamed Gammelstad . Luleå's importance as a port and trading post grew, and by 1780 the town had about 730 inhabitants.

In 1856 Luleå became the administrative center. In 1887 there was a major fire that almost completely destroyed the city. With the completion of the railway to Gällivare and the south in 1891 and later to Kiruna , Luleås began to flourish as the most important export port in northern Sweden. By 1900 Luleå's population had grown to around 9,000. In 1904 Luleå also became a bishopric.

Growth slowed in the first half of the 20th century, but with the construction of the Norrbottens Järnverk steelworks, now SSAB (Svenska stål Aktien bolaget), in 1940, another phase of expansion followed.

Economy and Infrastructure

As a residential town and municipal capital, Luleå is an important administrative and service center. Luleå is also a Lutheran bishopric and home to Sweden's northernmost technical university ( Luleå Tekniska Universitet ) .

Stone labyrinth at Luleå

Companies

The Luleås industry is dominated by the SSAB Luleåverken steelworks , which has a blast furnace , steelworks and rolling mill for flat products and also supplies neighboring steelworks with pig iron. At the end of the 1980s, SSAB sold the SSAB Profiles Ltd. merged rolling mill with the profile business "Profilbolaget" to Ovako Steel Ltd, which in 1990 also relocated production from its Borlänge plant to Luleå. Despite the concentration, the Luleå rolling mill was in economic difficulties and all 600 jobs were at risk. In 1992, Karl David Sundberg, former managing director of SKF Steel, took over all shares in the profile business from Ovako Steel through his Inexa Steel Ltd. as the new subsidiary “Inexa Profiles” for a symbolic amount and was soon able to increase the workforce, halved to 300, to 400 again. Sundberg skimmed the profits, however, so that Inexa Profiles went bankrupt in September 2001 after heavy losses from 1999. Sundberg had previously threatened to go bankrupt if the neighboring SSAB steelworks did not lower the prices for crude steel, which they rejected with reference to the high profits skimmed off by Sundberg. The remaining 330 workers in the rolling mill had to be laid off. From 2004 to 2006 the technical equipment of the rolling mill was dismantled and shipped to Iran.

Facebook operates a total of three server buildings in Luleå, each with an area of ​​28,000 square meters. The company chose the location because the cool climate in this region makes it easier to cool the servers. It is also possible to run the data center here entirely with very cheap electricity from hydropower plants, i.e. with renewable energies . The server center was put into operation on June 12, 2013.

traffic

Luleå has good transport connections via the Baltic Sea port with the important ore port Svartö and an airport . A railway line leads from Luleå to Boden , 35 kilometers away , from where railway lines lead south, to Finland and to Norway ( ore railway ). Luleå is also on European route 4 .

Luleå Cathedral

Attractions

The city was rebuilt on a regular floor plan in 1887 after it was almost completely burned down. In the center of the city is Luleå Cathedral , a neo-Gothic cruciform church from 1893. The city also houses the Norrbotten Theater, set up in five former harbor stacks, and the Norrbotten Museum. The House of Technology is located on the university campus.

Gammelstad , the old center of the city, belongs to Luleå . Gammelstad is a UNESCO World Heritage Site .

Sports

Exterior view of the Coop Arena

The most popular sport in the city is ice hockey. The Luleå HF plays in the highest Swedish league, the Svenska Hockeyligan . The home games are played in the Coop Arena , which can hold 6,300 spectators .

Town twinning

Sister cities of Luleå are

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Other personalities

  • Ioannis Despotopoulos (1903–1992), Greek architect and town planner, planned the cultural center in Luleå
  • Nils Edén (1871–1945), historian, politician and Prime Minister of Sweden, went to school in Luleå
  • Tim Hagans (* 1954), American jazz trumpeter, has spent several weeks a year in Luleå as the musical director of the Norrbotten Big Band since 1996
  • Anna Ibrisagic (* 1967), Swedish politician ( Moderaterna party ) of Bosnian origin and member of the European Parliament, lives in Luleå
  • Jessica Landström (* 1984), Swedish national soccer player, started her soccer career at Lira Luleå BK
  • Sofia Ledarp (* 1974), Swedish actress, studied for four years at the Luleå Theater Academy

Web links

Commons : Luleå  - collection of images, videos and audio files

swell

  1. ↑ a b Statistiska centralbyrån : Land area per Tatort, folkmängd and invånare per square kilometer. Vart femte år 1960 - 2015 (database query)
  2. ↑ Norrländska miljoner gick till godsherren. In: Dagens Nyheter. Retrieved June 30, 2011 (Swedish).
  3. ^ Karl-David Sundberg . In: Wikipedia . Retrieved June 30, 2011 (Swedish).
  4. ^ Transaction History. CBI Core Business Industries bv, accessed June 30, 2011 .
  5. ↑ Locational advantage cold and water. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on December 9, 2012 ; Retrieved June 12, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wdr5.de
  6. ↑ Press release: Facebook Builds First European Data Center in Lulea. (PDF; 68 kB) (No longer available online.) Luleå municipality, archived from the original on May 26, 2012 ; Retrieved October 28, 2011 (Swedish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lulea.se
  7. ↑ Facebook cools its servers on a huge farm in the Arctic Circle. In: Tages-Anzeiger. Retrieved October 28, 2011 .
  8. ↑ Jon Brodkin: Facebook opens data center filled entirely with servers it designed. In: ars technica. June 12, 2013, accessed on October 5, 2013 (English): "Facebook today opened a new data center in Luleå, Sweden, making it the company's first in Europe and the first to use only servers designed by Facebook itself."
  9. ^ Website of the city - Vanorter