Montmelon

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Montmelon
Montmelon coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of JuraCanton of Jura Law (JU)
District : Porrentruyw
Municipal municipality : Clos du Doubsi2
Postal code : 2883
former BFS no. : 6797
Coordinates : 580 608  /  245000 coordinates: 47 ° 21 '20 "  N , 7 ° 10' 55"  O ; CH1903:  five hundred and eighty thousand six hundred and eight  /  245000
Height : 594  m above sea level M.
Area : 11.97  km²
Residents: 101 (December 31, 2007)
Population density : 8 inhabitants per km²
map
Montmelon (Switzerland)
Montmelon
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Parish before the merger on January 1st, 2009

Montmelon ( French [ mɔ̃məlɔ̃ ], in the local dialect [ (ɛ) mɶ̃bəˈlɶ̃ ]) is a village and was a political municipality in the Porrentruy district of the Swiss canton of Jura , whose disjointed area comprised several small settlements.

geography

Aerial photo by Werner Friedli from 1957

Montmelon is 594  m above sea level. M. , eleven kilometers southeast of the district capital Porrentruy (linear distance ). The small farming village extends on the western slope of the Jura range of Mont Russelin, around 150 m above the Doubs valley floor , southeast of Saint-Ursanne .

The area of ​​the 12.0 km², widely ramified former municipal area includes sections of the deeply cut Doube valley in the Clos du Doubs , the great river arch near Saint-Ursanne. In the west the area extended to the slopes of Chêtelat . In the east, the border mostly ran on the ridge of Mont Russelin, which separates the Doubstal from the Delsberg basin . On the Ordon belonging to Mont Russelin is at 951  m above sea level. M. the highest point of Montmelon. The municipality also included three exclaves: One extends on the ridge of the Lomont chain (up to 933  m above sea level ) north of Saint-Ursanne and east of the Sur la Croix pass , the second was in the Doube valley below the municipality of Seleute and included the smallest the Sévai farm with the surrounding pastureland on the Mont Russelin chain. In 1997, 2% of the municipal area was in settlements, 43% in forests and woodlands, 54% in agriculture and around 1% was unproductive land.

Montmelon consisted of the hamlets of Montmelon-Dessus ([ (ɛ) mɔ̃məlɶ̃ ʤy ], 594  m above sea level ) and Montmelon-Dessous ([ (ɛ) mɔ̃məlɶ̃ dːo ], 490  m above sea level ), both on the eastern slope of the valley Doubs, Ravines ( 510  m above sea level ) on a terrace to the left of the Doubs and Outremont ( 757  m above sea level ) on the southern slope of the Lomont or Mont Terri chain above Saint-Ursanne. Numerous individual farms also belonged to Montmelon. Neighboring communities of Montmelon were Asuel , Saint-Ursanne , Montenol , Epauvillers , Saint-Brais , Glovelier , Boécourt , Cornol , Courgenay , Seleute and Ocourt .

population

With 101 inhabitants (end of 2007), Montmelon is one of the smallest communities in the canton of Jura. 77.2% of the residents are French-speaking, 21.7% German-speaking and 1.1% English-speaking (as of 2000). The population of Montmelon was 246 in 1850 and 212 in 1900. Since then, a further decline of around 50% has been recorded as a result of strong emigration.

economy

Montmelon is a village dominated by agriculture , with cattle and dairy farming predominating, and there is also fruit growing . The place offers only a few jobs outside of the primary sector. Those employed who do not work in agriculture mainly work in the valley town of Saint-Ursanne.

traffic

Since the opening of the first section of the A16 motorway in 1998, Montmelon has been easily accessible from both Porrentruy and Delémont via the Saint-Ursanne exit . The Mont-Russelin and Mont-Terri tunnels run under the municipality. This section of the motorway is to be connected to both the Swiss national road network and the French motorway network by 2015.

On March 30, 1877, the railway line from Glovelier to Porrentruy was opened. The north portal of the 2 km long Mont-Russelin railway tunnel is at Montmelon-Dessous, the nearest train station is that of Saint-Ursanne.

history

Coat of arms of Montmelon and 5 other municipalities in the Pruntrut district

The place name is first mentioned in 1373 as Momolon and Momelot and appears in 1412 as Monmelon . It is probably made up of mont 'mountain' and a Germanic personal name Melo / Mi (l) lo . Montmelon was temporarily abandoned after being pillaged in the Thirty Years' War and only later rebuilt. From 1793 to 1815 Montmelon belonged to France and was initially part of the Département du Mont-Terrible , from 1800 it was linked to the Département Haut-Rhin . By decision of the Congress of Vienna , the place came to the canton of Bern in 1815 and on January 1, 1979 to the newly founded canton of Jura. On January 1, 2009 , the municipality was united with Epauvillers , Epiquerez , Montenol , Ocourt , Saint-Ursanne and Seleute to form the new municipality of Clos du Doubs .

Attractions

The various hamlets have characteristic farmhouses from the 18th and 19th centuries. Montmelon belongs to the parish of Saint-Ursanne and does not have its own church. On the Roc de l'Autel west of La Caquerelle there is a menhir from prehistoric times.

Buildings

Web links

Commons : Montmelon  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Nicolas Pépin / Andres Kristol, Montmelon JU (Porrentruy) in: Dictionnaire toponymique des communes suisses - Lexicon of Swiss community names - Dizionario toponomastico dei comuni svizzeri (DTS | LSG) , Center de dialectologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Verlag Huber , Frauenfeld / Stuttgart / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-7193-1308-5 and Éditions Payot, Lausanne 2005, ISBN 2-601-03336-3 , p. 612.