Ovčáry u Kolína

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Ovčáry
Ovčáry coat of arms
Ovčáry u Kolína (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Středočeský kraj
District : Kolín
Area : 1037 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 4 '  N , 15 ° 14'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 3 '46 "  N , 15 ° 14' 22"  E
Height: 215  m nm
Residents : 873 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code : 280 02
License plate : S.
traffic
Street: Kolín - Městec Králové
structure
Status: local community
Districts: 1
administration
Mayor : Bohuslav Machůrka (as of 2019)
Address: Vrchlického 39
280 02 Ovčáry
Municipality number: 533572
Website : www.ovcary-obec.cz
View from the Kolín beet train to Ovčáry
Church of James the Elder
Grave chapel of the Horsky von Horskysfeld family

Ovčáry ( German  Owtschar ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located five kilometers northeast of the city center of Kolín and belongs to the Okres Kolín . Ovčáry is the location of the TPCA Kolín automobile plant .

geography

Ovčáry is located on the right side above the valley of the brook Hluboký potok in the Středolabské tabule (table land on the middle Elbe ). State road II / 328 runs on the western edge of the village between Kolín and Městec Králové . In the north rises the Na Kuklách (214 m nm), to the northeast the Horka (249 m nm). The TPCA plant extends northwest of the village . To the southeast lies the Lhotka desert .

Neighboring towns are Karolín and Volárna in the north, Jestřabí Lhota , Eleonorov and Němčice in the Northeast, Býchory and Písečný Mlyn in the east, Výrovna, Nadávka and Konárovice the southeast, Tři Dvory and Šťáralka in the south, Františkov , Zálabí and Sendražice in the southwest, Hradišťko I , Jezeřany and Veltruby in the west and Velký Osek and Bačov in the north-west.

history

Ovčáry was probably founded between the 10th and 11th centuries during the colonization of the Kolín region. The place name probably results from the duty of the residents to deliver sheep to the Oldříš Castle .

The first written mention of the village took place in 1273 under the name Ouuechar together with Chrášťany , Heinrichov , Lhotka and Břežany in a protection document from Pope Gregory X. for the villages of the Strahov monastery . There is evidence of a parish church since 1352. After the beginning of the Hussite Wars , secular lords seized the monastery property. In 1420 King Sigismund signed the village over to Vaněk von Chlum for military service. At the end of the same year a Hungarian mercenary army of King Sigismund devastated the area north of Kolín; Břežany, Chrášťany and Lhotka became extinct. In 1421 the Prague Hussites conquered the city of Kolín and the surrounding area. In 1436 King Sigismund pledged Kolín and the surrounding villages, including Ovčáry, for 3,000 shock groschen to Bedřich von Strážnice, who formed the Kolín manor. King George of Podebrady redeemed the Kolín pledge in 1458; as a replacement, Bedřich von Strážnice received the Potštejn castle. In 1556 King Ferdinand I pledged the Kolín Chamber of Commerce to Charles von Zierotin ; In Ferdinand's confirmation of ownership of 1562 for the widow Veronika von Leipa and her sons, Ovčáry was expressly mentioned. In 1591, King Rudolf II reached a settlement with Kaspar von Zierotin about the return of the Kolín chamberlain. In 1618 the entire village burned down. In 1628 Ovčáry was attached to the Podebrady Chamber together with the Kolín Chamberlain . The village fire and the Thirty Years War led to the desolation of the village. In the berní rula from 1654 there are still 10 desert courtyards listed. At the beginning of the 18th century, the Podebrady Chamberlain had a farm in Ovčáry . In 1778 new houses were built in the course of the raabization on former Meierhofs grounds and the village was greatly expanded. Emperor Franz I sold the Kolín Chamber of Commerce with 23 villages in 1829 to the textile manufacturer Jacob Veith . Veith, who was raised to the hereditary baron status, died in 1833. His son Wenzel Baron Veith († 1852) took over the inheritance, which included a total of three lords. In 1841 the localist house and the school burned down.

In 1843 the rustic village Owčar or Wowčar in the Kauřim district consisted of 81 houses in which 574 people, including seven Protestant and one Jewish family, lived. The main source of income was agriculture; Above all, clover was grown in the fields for seed production. The local church of James the Great, the locality and the school were under lordly patronage. The church was provided with an exposition, for which the pastor of the old Kolin had the right to present. There was also an aerial stud stall and an inn in the village. Owčar was a Catholic parish for Sendraschitz and Beychor ; the place of office was Kaisersdorf . The church's wooden bell tower burned down in 1843. In the years 1844-1845 the church was rebuilt and the nave was lengthened by two meters; a new tower was built on the west side. Until the middle of the 19th century, Owčar remained subject to the Kolín rule.

After the abolition of patrimonial Ovčáry formed from 1849 with the district Býchory a municipality in the judicial district of Kolin . In 1856 a parish was established in Ovčáry. 1862 acquired Franz Horsky the manorial Kolin from the heirs of Baron Wenceslas Veith. Horsky immediately initiated a modernization of agriculture. At Ovčáry he had the Franzenshof farm . From 1868 the municipality belonged to the Kolin district . In 1869 Ovčáry had 748 inhabitants and consisted of 107 houses. Býchory broke away from Ovčáry in 1875 and formed its own community. In 1895, Horsky's grandson Adolf Richter had the narrow-gauge Kolin beet railway extended over a branch track to Franzenshof . In 1900 there were 871 people in Ovčáry, in 1910 there were 954. In the years 1906–1908 a new church was built. In 1930 Ovčáry had 932 inhabitants and consisted of 217 houses. The beet railway was shut down in 1966 and the tracks dismantled. In the 2001 census, there were 664 people in Ovčáry's 259 houses. Between 2002 and 2005, the TPCA Kolín automobile plant was built on the commune's fields . Since 2007 the community has had a coat of arms and a banner.

Community structure

No districts are shown for the municipality of Ovčáry. The Františkov ( Franzenshof ) location and the settlements Písečný Mlýn or Mlýnek and Výrovna belong to Ovčáry.

The municipality forms the cadastral district Ovčáry u Kolína.

Attractions

  • Pseudo-Gothic church of St. James the Elder, built between 1906 and 1908 according to plans by the architect Jan Krch under the patronage of the owner of the Kolín manor, Jan Kubelík . It replaced a predecessor building that was erected in the 14th century and was last redesigned in 1844–1845. The construction was carried out by the Kolín master builder Jan Sklenář. The church is surrounded by a cemetery.
  • Family crypt Horsky von Horskysfeld , it is located on the cemetery wall and was built between 1877 and 1878 according to plans by the architect Moritz Hinträger .
  • Rectory, built after the fire of 1841, is in a state of disrepair
  • Cast iron cross with a stone base on the village square, erected in 1858
  • Cross under the Foltýn linden tree in Lhotka , it was made in 2001 by Kolín stonemason Ivan Erben from green-black amphibolite and stands under the linden tree planted in 1987 by the painter and illustrator František Karel Foltýn
  • Memorial stone for a man from Býchory in Lhotka who was struck by lightning, erected at the beginning of the 20th century and re-erected in 1987 by FK Foltýn.
  • Memorial to those who fell in both World Wars on the village square, unveiled in 1923
  • Memorial stone for the beginning of automobile production at TPCA, at the Horka, created in 2005 by Ivan Erben from green-black amphibolite. The bronze relief of a car and the words UT SIT LABOR were stolen by metal thieves in 2008.
  • Memorial plaque for Jaroslav Vrchlický at the school, unveiled in 1930. Vrchlický lived in Ovčáry from 1857 to 1862 with his uncle, Pastor Antonín Kolář, and attended school in Ovčáry during this time. The year "1859" on the board is wrong.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/533572/Ovcary
  2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  3. ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 12 Kauřimer Kreis, 1844 p. 232
  4. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/717096/Ovcary-u-Kolina