Peiden

Peiden
State :	Switzerland
Canton :	Graubünden (GR)
Region :	Surselva
Political community :	Lumnezia
Postal code :	7110
Coordinates :	734 352  /  175870 coordinates: 46 ° 43 '14 "  N , 9 ° 11' 46"  O ; CH1903:  seven hundred thirty-four thousand three hundred fifty-two  /  175870
Height :	934  m above sea level M.
Website:	www.lumnezia.ch
Below the village of Peiden, above Cumbel
map

Parish before the merger on January 1, 1963

Historical aerial photo from 4000 m by Walter Mittelholzer from 1919. Uors-Peiden is in the middle right

Peiden was formerly a fraction of the municipality of Suraua and is now a small alpine settlement of the merged municipality of Lumnezia in the Val Lumnezia in the canton of Graubünden . The for the most part hardly inhabited farmsteads of today's merged community are located on a geologically unstable slope below Cumbel on the connecting road between the Upper and Lower Lugnez. South-east of the village, in the valley floor of the Glenner - in Romanesque "il Glogn" - is the former bathing site, known since the 13th century, with its current Gasthof Peiden-Bad on the connecting road from Ilanz to Vals. An access road to the higher Lugnez village fractions of Peiden-Dorf and Cumbel leads over a road bridge to the left bank of the Glenner and past the Lucius Chapel, first mentioned in 1345, which was originally dedicated to St. Sigismund.

Surname

The name of the village probably goes back to the pre-Roman- Rhaetian pitino , a name for a fortification or castle.

history

Peiden originated in the 11th century. As a fiefdom of the Diocese of Chur , the Romanesque settlement first belonged to the bailiffs of Belmont , then from 1371 to the Lumbreiner feudal lord Lumerins and around 1390 the fiefs were the Sax-Misox . In 1345 the small settlement was mentioned as Peden . In 1538 the residents bought themselves free from feudal rights. The neighborhood formed at that time with Camuns and Cumbel existed until 1851. For structural reasons, Peiden merged with Uors in 1963 to form the political municipality of Uors-Peiden . This in turn merged on January 1, 2002 with the Camuns, Surcasti and Tersnaus fractions to form the municipality of Suraua and is now a neighborhood of the merged valley municipality of Lumnezia .

population

Population development
year	1850	1900	1910	1950	1960	1970	1980	2000
Residents	91	129	147	87	67	116 (Uors-Peiden)	69	90

In 1850 91 people lived in Peiden, in 1900 there were 129; the peak was reached in 1910 when Peiden had 147 inhabitants. Then the number of inhabitants steadily decreased. In 1950 it was 87, in 1960 it was 67 and today the Hofstatt Peiden itself only has a good dozen residents - a few of them are holiday or second home settlers.

church

Ecclesiastically, Peiden belonged to St. Vincent in Pleif , formed the curate chaplaincy for the Holy Trinity from 1745 and its own parish from 1910 to 1963. The Catholic parish church "Heilige Dreifaltigkeit" was built around 1730 and, according to Erwin Poeschel, was of no architectural importance. The altar sheet dates from around 1700. In the left side altar there is a protective mantle Madonna by Georg Wilhelm Graesner from 1650. The church was damaged in the village fires in 1896 and 1900 and enlarged on the occasion of its restoration.

geology

Peiden lies on a 30 square kilometer slide area. The left side of the Lugnez valley from Lumbrein to Cumbel moves 1 to 20 centimeters annually on a tectonically unsteady sliding surface that is inclined by 15 degrees. In the past hundred years, the location of the Peidner Church has shifted more than 16 meters down the valley and sunk by 4 meters. The houses often had to be patched up, and crack-like cracks in the walls testify to the moving ground.

After the flood events of the Glenner around 1920, the ground began to slide so badly that they wanted to evacuate Peiden, but the population resisted. The unstable situation of the village, however, accelerated the migration. Although the speed of the landslides has slowed down thanks to drainage and rehabilitation systems, the settlement area is still endangered today. A foundation "Pro Peiden-Schuders" tried unsuccessfully to offer help in coping with the damage. The authorities also wanted to encourage emigration from this naturally endangered village.

Movie

In the film “Peiden” the author Mattias Caduff , whose ancestors come from Peiden, tells of the origins and everyday life of the residents. Although the geologically unstable hillside location and the risk of slipping in Peiden have not changed since the middle of the 20th century - and the settlement built on unstable ground is still sliding downhill - it has not been completely abandoned to this day.

Attractions

See also : List of cultural assets in Lumnezia

literature

• Adolf Collenberg: Peiden. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . 2016 .

Web links

Commons : Peiden  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Andrea Schorta: How the mountain got its name ; Terra Grischuna- Verlag, Chur 1999
2. ↑ Forest knowledge