Breil / Brigels

The title of this article is ambiguous. Brigels is also the German name of the village of Breilles in the municipality of Barberêche in the canton of Friborg.

Breil / Brigels
State :	Switzerland
Canton :	Graubünden (GR)
Region :	Surselva
BFS no. :	3981
Postal code :	7158 Waltensburg / Vuorz 7159 Andiast 7164 Dardin 7165 Breil / Brigels
Coordinates :	723 842  /  180815 coordinates: 46 ° 46 '1 "  N , 9 ° 3' 36"  O ; CH1903:  seven hundred and twenty-three thousand eight hundred forty-two  /  180815
Height :	1280  m above sea level M.
Height range :	733–3418 m above sea level M.
Area :	96.58  km²
Residents:	1757 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	18 inhabitants per km²
Website:	www.breil.ch
Breil / Brigels
Location of the municipality

Breil / Brigels ( Romansh Breil [bʁɔɪ̯l] ^{? / I} , German Brigels ) is a political municipality in the Surselva region of the Swiss canton of Graubünden . Since January 1, 2018, it has also included the previously independent communities Andiast and Waltensburg / Vuorz .  

Coat of arms before the merger

Blazon : In red, the silver Mother of God sitting on a cloud with outspread arms.

The old coat of arms is the implementation of the community seal and shows the Assumption of Mary, based on the name of the parish church Maria Himmelfahrt . With the merger in 2018, the new overall municipality received a new coat of arms.

geography

Historical aerial photo from 500 m by Walter Mittelholzer from 1923

Breil / Brigels borders in the east on Ilanz / Glion , in the south on Obersaxen , in the west on Trun and in the north on Glarus Süd in the canton of Glarus.

Until the end of 2017, when the towns of Andiast and Waltensburg / Vuorz joined it, the political community comprised the village parts Danis-Tavanasa , Dardin -Capeder, Breil / Brigels and the hamlet of Vali on the right side of the valley.

Breil / Brigels ceded the Walser hamlet of Tomahüss (Romanesque Cathomen ^{? / I} ), also on the right side of the valley, to Obersaxen in 2003.

history

Castle hill (brigilo) St. Eusebius

The place name Breil / Brigels is derived from the Celtic tribe * briga "Berg, Hügel, Hügelfestung" with the suffix -ilos .

A hill fortress stood on the hill of St. Eusebius (advises Sogn Sievi). In the early Middle Ages there was a central courtyard of the Rhaetian Victorids in the Cuort part of the village, with associated goods in Danis, Dardin, Schlans and Trun. Brigels is mentioned for the first time in 765 in the foundation will of Chur Bishop Tello as Bregelo , in which he bequeathed the central courtyard to the Disentis Monastery . Probably soon after the donation, the monastery built a church for its own people with the Disentis St. Martin's patronage. The parish church could also be identical to the church ad sanctam Mariam mentioned in the Tello document of 765 . The parish church of S. Maria and the chapel of St. Eusebius came to the Disentis monastery in 1185 by papal confirmation.

In the 13th century, Disentis Abbey was responsible for protecting the land, executing the high court and administering it. The Brigelser had for the tithes of grain and fruit and deliver on Verenatag with the people of Sumvitg in Frondienst fish for the monastery. Marmarola Castle, residence of the Latour family in the second half of the 15th century, was probably a meier tower of the abbey. In 1536 around 200 so-called outside freelancers moved from Laax to Brigels, who bought their way into the Cadi Supreme Court and in 1542 received their own governor's court. Brigels and Medel formed the third court in the cadi. In 1550 the plague trains 316 and 1631 130 deaths. In 1738 the inhabitants replaced the tithe rights. The farmers of Brigels used the Kistenpass their cattle on the Limmernalp and their sheep in Muttseegebiet to summer grazing as well as the connection of the Glarus. There were twelve churches and chapels on Brigelser Boden. Thanks to the Latour family, Brigels was a Cadi political center in the 17th to 19th centuries.

The Brigels-Waltensburg / Vuorz road was built in 1870 and the Tavanasa-Brigels cantonal road in 1890, which benefited the summer tourism that began in the second half of the 19th century. In 1943 the municipality officially changes its previous name Brigels to the Romance-German double name Breil / Brigels . Brigels has been an anti-aircraft firing range since 1945. A center of the electricity industry since 1946, which maintains an equalization basin and control centers in Brigels and Tavanasa. In 1972 the Pez d'Artgas ski lifts were expanded to become a winter sports center together with Waltensburg / Vuorz. In 1990, 15% of the workforce was employed in agriculture, 35% in trade and industry and 50% in the service sector (tourism).

In 2018, the previously independent communities of Andiast and Waltensburg / Vuorz merged with the community of Breil / Brigels.

population

Population development
year	1850	1888	1900	1910	1950	1960	2000	2010	2012	2014	2016
Residents	1086	848	859	1033	1169	1272	1187	1298	1286	1278	1263

Language, denomination

The official language of the municipality is Romansh . The Surselvian dialect is spoken by (as of 2000) 88% of the population, 80% of which is the main language.

The vast majority of the population of the former parishes of Breil / Brigels and Andiast is Roman Catholic ( Diocese of Chur ), that of the former parish of Waltensburg / Vuorz is predominantly Protestant Reformed ( Evangelical Reformed Church of the Grisons ).

politics

The parish council is the executive power of the parish and consists of five people who are elected by the people for three years each. Current mayor is Clau locksmith.

The Cussegl da vischnaunca , the municipal parliament , is the legislature of the municipality. It consists of thirteen people elected by the people for three years. A special feature in Breil / Brigels is the regulation that all parts of the community (parliamentary groups) must be represented in this body.

economy

Danis Church

In Tavanasa, the Vorderrhein power plants , a partner company of the Nordostschweizerische Kraftwerke (NOK), operate a switchgear at the Tavanasa headquarters .

traffic

The community can be reached by the Rhaetian Railway and from Tavanasa by post bus. The closest motorway connection is Reichenau on the A13 .

education

There are two school houses in the community. In the Brigels-Dorf school house, children from kindergarten to fourth grade are taught. The entire school offer (kindergarten, primary school (5th – 6th grade), junior high and secondary school) is offered by the Danis / Tavanasa school. In kindergarten and from the 1st to 3rd grade, the children are taught exclusively in Romansh, from the 4th grade onwards, increasingly in German.

Attractions

Memorial stone

See also : List of cultural assets in Breil / Brigels

• The pilgrimage church Chapel of St. Eusebius (advises Sogn Sievi) with the Romanesque tower stands on the Celtic / Roman castle hill of the same name north of Brigels.
• The early medieval parish church of S. Maria (Maria Himmelfahrt) was mentioned in a document in 1185 in the possession of the Disentis monastery. In 1491 it was incorporated into Disentis. Until the 17th century it was the mother church for Dardin, Danis and Schlans. The large picture of St. Christopher on the outer wall dates from the 14th century.
• The remains of the wall of the Marmarola ruin , a Meier tower of the Disentis Abbey and former residence of the De Latour (dt. Vom Turm), stand on a small hill behind the Sport Beat house . The tower burned down in 1496.
• The Romanesque chapel of St. Martin (advises Sogn Martin) was a princely foundation and must have been built in the early Middle Ages. The late Gothic winged altar, which shines in the original painting, dates from 1508.
• The Chapel of St. Jakob (advises Sogn Giacun): the chapel and wooden ceiling were built in 1514. The exterior paintings from 1515 are by the Northern Italian Soregno brothers.
• The Latour house houses the de Latour museum and family archive open to the public.
• The Casa Fausta Capaul inn was unique and famous of its kind as early as the 19th century. Arnold Escher von der Linth and Conrad Ferdinand Meyer stayed here.
• Memorial and home of the poet Giacun Hasper Muoth .
• The Flab-Richt-Platz.
• The Scatlè nature reserve , the highest primeval spruce forest in Europe, is located northwest of the village on the eastern slope of Piz Dado between 1580 and 2015  m above sea level. M. and has existed since 1911.
• The memorial stone at the Crest la Crusch lookout point commemorates the men Escher, Alinth, Bavier and Latour, who campaigned for the construction of the road that was opened in 1870.

The sights of the former communities Andiast and Waltensburg / Vuorz see there.

• 

  Chapel of St. Eusebius

• 

  Parish Church of S. Maria

• 

  Chapel of St. Martin

• 

  Mural of St. Martin

• 

  Main entrance to the chapel

• 

  Chapel of St. Jacob

Personalities

• The de Latour family (from the tower) was one of the most important Surselva families from 1473 to 1900, alongside those of Castelberg in Disentis and de Mont in Vella . They were officers in the French service, lawyers and politicians trained in the Cadi, the Gray Confederation and the Canton of Graubünden since the 15th century .
• Caspar Theodosius de Latour (1782–1855), papal general
• Giacun Hasper Muoth (1844–1906), Surselvian poet and historiographer
• Sep Mudest Nay (1892–1945), Surselvian poet
• Bernard Cathomas (* 1946), linguist
• Arno Camenisch (* 1978), Surselvian poet

The personalities of the former communities Andiast and Waltensburg / Vuorz see there.

gallery

• 

  Village square

• 

  House Cathomen

• 

  House Latour

• 

  Authentic house

• 

  Guesthouse Casa Fausta Capaul

• 

  Hotel Alpina on the village square

• 

  Was there Breil

• 

  View of Breil-Brigels

literature

• Adolf Collenberg: Breil / Brigels. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . 2007 .
• Iso Müller: History of the Disentis Abbey from its beginnings to the present. Benziger, Zurich, Cologne 1971.
• Eugen Steinmann: Brigels / Breil GR (= Swiss Art Guide. No. 222). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 1977, ISBN 978-3-85782-222-3 .

Web links

Commons : Breil / Brigels  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Breil / Brigels on the ETHorama platform
• Official website of the municipality of Breil / Brigels
• Official website of the Brigels-Waltensburg-Andiast tourist region

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 . 
2. ↑ Pro Supersaxa - Obersaxen, annual issue 2013, p. 2330.
3. ↑ Lexicon of Swiss Community Names , ed. from the Center de Dialectologie of the University of Neuchâtel under the direction of Andres Kristol, Frauenfeld / Lausanne 2005, p. 182.
4. ^ Catholic parish church of St. Maria
5. ^ Church of St. Martin
6. ↑ St. Jacob's Chapel
7. ↑ Flab-Richt-Platz
8. ^ Forum Cultural Breil »Giacun Hasper Muoth. Retrieved March 7, 2017 . 
9. ^ Forum Cultural Breil »Sep Mudest Nay. Retrieved March 7, 2017 . 
10. ^ Forum Cultural Breil »Arno Camenisch. Retrieved March 7, 2017 .