Großdeuben

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Großdeuben
City of Böhlen
Coordinates: 51 ° 14 ′ 0 ″  N , 12 ° 23 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 122 m
Incorporation : July 1, 1997
Postal code : 04564
Area code : 034299
Großdeuben (Saxony)
Großdeuben

Location of Großdeuben in Saxony

Großdeuben is a district of the city of Böhlen in the Leipzig district , into which it was incorporated in 1997. Großdeuben includes the towns of Großdeuben, Probstdeuben and Debitzdeuben as well as the corridor of the town of Zehmen, which was demolished in 1957 by the Espenhain opencast mine .

geography

location

The former village is located south of Leipzig and extends in north-south direction for about 2 kilometers directly along the west bank of the Pleiße in the Leipzig lowland bay . State road 72 , which connects to the B 2 and B 95 to the south, runs directly through the town . To the west of the village is the so-called Neue Harth , a recultivated area on a former mining overburden area that extends to Zwenkau, Markkleeberg and Böhlen. To the east of the village, on federal highway 2, lies the Stöhna retention basin , which forms part of the Pleiße flood protection system. The Lippendorf power plant , which is one of the most modern lignite-fired power plants in Europe, is four kilometers away .

Neighboring places

Zobigker Gaschwitz Wachau
Zwenkau Neighboring communities Großpösna
Bohlen Rötha

history

Großdeuben in the Pleißenaue around 1920 before the opencast mine was opened

Around 600 AD, old sorbs built Debitzdeuben as a round hamlet on the Pleiße river . On November 4, 1017, the place was first mentioned in a document from the cathedral archive in Merseburg . In the 11th and 12th centuries the village of Probst-Deuben was founded by German farmers who had moved there. Around 1403 the village belonged to Friedrich von Döbitz. In 1415 the brothers Hans and Nickel von Zehmen Probst-Deuben received a fief from the Provost of Merseburg. In 1631 Probst-Deuben was still owned by Hans Georg von Zehmen. The oldest bell in the village, a Marienbell, dates from 1503. And 37 years later, in 1540, Großdeuben had its own parish church. In 1606 Debitzdeuben belonged to the Gaschwitz manor . Probstdeuben, on the other hand, have their own manor.

During the Thirty Years War, the village suffered great hardship and was partially looted. In 1652 Friedrich Brand von Lindau, the owner of Gaschwitz, bought the manor Großdeuben and donated an epitaph for his wife Elisabeth Brand von Lindau, which can still be seen in the church. In 1681 the plague occurred in Großdeuben and claimed many victims. At the beginning of the 18th century the gatehouse to the manor Großdeuben and the park were built. In the same period of time, the church was built between the places . In 1703, Großdeuben became the property of Georg Ferdinand von Hopfgarten, the commandant of the Pleißenburg . Under him the school was rebuilt around 1715. Only a year later the church was rebuilt according to the plans of David Schatz . In the same year von Hopfgarten sold the manor to the Leipzig merchant Peter Hohmann . The manor house in Probstdeuben was built around 1730 . In the year of the plague in 1741, the inn "Zum Weisse Roß" was built.

The Gasthof Großdeuben on a historical postcard

In the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig in 1813, Großdeuben was right on the deployment route of the Prussian and Austrian troops. Before the battle, many residents left the villages. In the course of the battle, the Katharinenkirche was converted into a field hospital and both places suffered great damage due to the requisition of cattle.

In 1854, Großdeuben was under water after three days of rain. Großdeuben, Probstdeuben and Debitzdeuben were in the Electoral Saxon or Royal Saxon District Office in Leipzig until 1856 . From 1856 the three places belonged to the court office of Zwenkau and from 1875 to the administrative authority of Leipzig . In 1876 the first villa was built in Deuben between Gaschwitz and Debitzdeuben , which marked the beginning of the "upswing of the community". A year later the school was abandoned and rebuilt. The church was renovated for the first time around 1888.

From around 1900 to 1920 the Großdeuben population doubled and many rich Leipzig citizens settled here, which can still be seen today in the magnificent villas. On October 1, 1904, the stop of the Royal Saxon State Railways ( Leipzig – Hof line ) was ceremoniously opened in Probstdeuben. In 1905 Debitzdeuben was incorporated into Großdeuben. In 1910 Großdeuben had 1,355 and Probstdeuben 643 inhabitants. From this year both places came to the district court of Rötha . A memorial for the fallen of the First World War was inaugurated on August 13, 1922 on the forecourt of the church. 1934 Probstdeuben was incorporated into Großdeuben.

Main street in Großdeuben today
The Pleiße near Großdeuben

Due to the expansion of the lignite industry, Großdeuben developed into a workers' residence in the 1950s. In 1956–1963, 1,331 people were resettled from the western parts of the village as a result of lignite mining ( Zwenkau opencast mine ). In the following years, houses on the eastern edge, including the outdoor swimming pool, also fell victim to coal mining in the Espenhain open-cast mine. Großdeuben had residents around 1964 in 2014. In the same year, the corridor of the neighboring town of Zehmen , which was devastated in 1957, was incorporated. In 1970 the church received the organ from Cröbern , which was excavated from the Espenhain opencast mine. During this time Großdeuben lost its reputation as an important local recreation area in the south of Leipzig due to the extensive open-cast lignite mining .

In 1990 Großdeuben had 1,356 inhabitants. Several streets in the town were renovated from 1992 to 1995. The citizens' initiative “Pro Markkleeberg ” called for a petition against the plans to incorporate Großdeuben into Böhlen. On July 1, 1997, however, the incorporation contract with Böhlen came into effect and the place became a district of Böhlen . Großdeuben meanwhile had 1791 inhabitants. In September of the same year, the listed manor house burned four times. Two years later, in 1999, the mansion, threatened by decay, received a new roof. In addition, more streets were renovated in the following years and the cycle path along the western bank of the Pleißen was built.

In addition, the district center was built in 2005 on the area of ​​the former "Stahl- und containerbau Großdeuben" and the mansion and gatehouse , which had already been partially renovated in 1999, were refurbished to counteract the threat of decay. In 2012 the mansion was sold to a private owner and has since been completely renovated along with the adjacent gatehouse and park. In October 2014 the "Weißes Roß" inn, which was built in 1741 and is a listed building, burned down in part and was completely demolished a short time later due to the risk of collapse.

The Katharinenkirche in Großdeuben

On the feast day of St. Katharine (November 25th) in 1403, the knight Peter von Deuben, the Junkers Günther and Petermann von Deuben and Friedrich von Dobitz auf Gaschwitz donated the church and parish loan to Deuben. This created the economic basis for a local church and the parsonage that went with it. Before that, the parishioners had to cover the relatively long way from Deuben to the Church of St. Laurentius in Zwenkau .

The location of the church in the middle of the villages Debitz-, Groß- and Probstdeuben was mainly explained by the fact that several families residing on different estates acted as church founders, whose equality was most likely to be preserved.

The church patrons made use of the prerogative to dedicate the church to a patron saint whom they personally venerated in accordance with the customs of the private church system. Saint Catherine of Alexandria , venerated as patroness in Großdeuben, was martyred in 307 . She is said to have enjoyed a striking popularity among knighthood alongside Saint Barbara .

The current church was built in 1716 in the same place as the old church. David Schatz appeared as a builder . The bold construction of the tower, the eastern side of which rests on the wooden pillars supporting the gallery, is remarkable .

After renovation work on the tower and roof in the meantime (especially in 1750), the interior of the church was given a color scheme with a strong romantic influence. In addition, the sacristy was added to the east side of the nave. The crypt for the patronage was vaulted. In 1889 new pews were built into the church.

After the tower and nave were severely damaged by lightning on July 5, 1905, the church had to be overhauled. In order to get additional seats and space for organ expansion , an extension was created on the west side in 1906. The gallery stairs have been running in it ever since. With the elliptical shape, the architect, Baurat Zeißig, succeeded in enlarging the church without visually impairing the building ensemble of church and cantorate too much.

The two rooms, which border on the nave in the north, were combined in 1948 to form a church meeting room, the so-called Lutherstube , which is still used today as a winter church.

The current organ of the Großdeuben church originally comes from the church in Cröbern , which fell victim to open-cast mining in the 1960s . The instrument was built by Christian Ernst Friederici in 1755 and has 15 stops on 1 manual and pedal.

Today the church belongs to the parish Großstädteln / Großdeuben and is represented by the wife of the former student pastor of the Evangelical Student Community Leipzig Stephan Bickhardt , who left the parish himself at the end of 2007 when he was appointed police chaplain for the Leipzig area.

  • The Katharinenkirche, in
    front of it the old school

  • Katharinenkirche, seen
    from Pleißedamm

  • Door inscription
    "God alone be glory"

  • The altar with the inscription
    "In the beginning was the word"

  • Epitaph of
    the Elisabeth Brand of Lindau

Attractions

Probstdeuben mansion
Apelstein

see also: List of cultural monuments in Böhlen (section Großdeuben)

Associations and associations

  • SC Eintracht 09 Großdeuben eV
  • Großdeubener Karnevalsverein eV (GKV)
  • Großdeuben volunteer fire department
  • Small Hands Association

Personalities

Economy & Transport

Großdeuben is conveniently located at the junction of the B 2 and B 95 . Since 2006 there has also been a connection to the A 38 , which connects the A 9 ( Berlin - Munich ) and A 14 ( Nossen - Magdeburg ) motorways and creates a southern bypass for Leipzig. The place can also be reached via the MDV . The Regionalbus Leipzig company operates two lines, 100 (Markkleeberg - Großdeuben - Zwenkau - Groitzsch ) and 107 ( Leipzig-Connewitz - Großdeuben - Zwenkau), which serve the two stops in Großdeuben. The Großdeuben stop, which is part of the Leipzig – Hof railway line , is served by the S 6 of the Central German S-Bahn every 30 minutes.

Between 1991 and 2006 the company "Stabe Stahl- und Autovermietung GmbH" was based in Großdeuben. The international company Thyssen Krupp Xervon GmbH also has a location in Großdeuben for the preparation and storage of scaffolding components.

Großdeuben can be reached by bike via the Pleiße cycle path Leipzig-Böhlen on a traffic-free and scenic route.

literature

  • In the Pleisse and Göselland between Markkleeberg, Rötha and Kitzscher. Published by PRO LEIPZIG eV, Leipzig 1999.
  • Cornelius Gurlitt : Grossdeuben. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 16. Issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Leipzig (Leipzig Land) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1894, p. 27.
  • Hanns-Moritz von Zehmen: Genealogical news about the Meißnian nobility of Zehmen, 1206 to 1906 . Wilhelm Baensch, Dresden 1906; with descriptions of Probst-Deuben from 1415 to 1631.
  • Matthias Donath : Palaces in Leipzig and the surrounding area . edition Sächsische Zeitung Redaktions- und Verlagsgesellschaft Elbland mbH, Meißen 2013, p. 10, Probstdeuben p. 79.

Web links

Commons : Großdeuben  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Markus Cottin, Václav Vok Filip, Holger Kunde, United Cathedral Founders : 1000 Years of the Imperial Cathedral of Merseburg . Michael Imhof Verlag GmbH & Co.KG, Petersberg 2015, ISBN 978-3731902287 , p. 124
  2. ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 60 f.
  3. ↑ The Amtshauptmannschaft Leipzig in the municipal register 1900
  4. ↑ The Espenhain opencast mine at www.devastiert.de ( Memento of the original dated December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.devastiert.de
  5. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities, see 1997
  6. ^ Website of the city of Böhlen
  7. ↑ Presence of the Saxony Police ( Memento of the original from January 6, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.polizei.sachsen.de
  8. ^ Organ portrait on the Orgelstrasse Leipziger Land website , accessed on January 7, 2012.
  9. ↑ Official church chronicle of the parish Großstädteln / Großdeuben (for the entire section)
  10. ↑ Entry in the commercial register
  11. ↑ National overview of Thyssen Krupp Xervon GmbH locations