Pampanga
 |
|
| Basic data | |
|---|---|
| Region : | Central Luzon |
| Capital : | San Fernando |
| Population : | 2,198,110 August 1, 2015 census
|
| Population density : | 1108 inhabitants per km² |
| Area : | 1,984.7 km² |
| PSGC : | 035400000 |
| Governor : | Lilia "Baby" Pineda |
| Official website: | Pampanga |
| structure | |
| - Highly urbanized cities | 1 |
| - provincial cities | 1 |
| - municipalities | 20th |
| - Barangays | 537 |
| - electoral districts | 4th |
| Location of the province on the island of Luzon | |
|
|
Coordinates: 15 ° 4 ′ N , 120 ° 40 ′ E Pampanga is a province of the Philippines on the island of Luzon in the Central Luzon region. The capital of the province is San Fernando .
The province was founded by the Spanish conquistadors in 1571, making it the first Spanish province in the Philippines. Its name is derived from pampang , a local word for sandbar . It refers to the banks of the river of the same name .
The province has an international airport, Diosdado Macapagal International Airport , the former Clark Air Base , which is located about 16 kilometers north of the city center of the provincial capital, San Fernando. An important military airfield of the Philippine Air Force, Basa Air Base, is located in Floridablanca .
geography
Pampanga is bordered by the provinces of Bataan and Zambales in the west, Tarlac and Nueva Ecija in the north and the province of Bulacan in the southeast . In the south it borders on Manila Bay . The landscape of Pampanga is relatively flat and is determined by the Pampanga River , whose tributaries Maasim, San Miguel, Garlang, Bulu and Penaranda form the 320 km² Candaba river marshes , and the highest mountain, the 1026 m high Arayat .
The province has a total area of 1,984.7 square kilometers.
Demographics and language
The inhabitants of Pampanga are commonly referred to as Kapampangans (alternatively written Capampañgan ), Pampangos or Pampangueños .
According to the 2015 census, the province has a population of 2,198,110 people. On average there are 1108 people per km².
The main languages spoken and understood in the provincial area are Kapampangan , English and Tagalog . Ilocano, Lineyte-Samarnon ( Wáray-Wáray ), Pangasinan, Cebuano , Bicolano and Hiligaynon (Ilonga) are also widespread in various areas .
economy
Agriculture and fishing are the province's two main industries. The main products are rice , corn , sugar cane and tilapia . In addition, the province is home to various craft businesses that specialize in wood carving as well as furniture and guitar production. Every year during the Christmas season, Pampanga Province is the center of an industry of handcrafted lanterns called "parols", which can be viewed as a kaleidoscope of lights and colors. Other industries deal with the manufacture of barrels and the assembly of various vehicles in the municipality of Sto. Tomas.
The province is also famous for its culinary products. The well-known specialties of the province range from simple to more exotic pork and chicken preparations, the production of tocinos , beef tapas, hot dogs and longanezas (a Filipino sausage and salted meat).
Specialties of the region are also dishes such as Siopao , Pandesal , Tutong , Lechon (suckling pig) with various sarsa (sauces). In addition, the local cuisine offers exotic dishes such as Betute Tugak (stuffed frog), Kamaru (grilled mole) but also boiled Ala Adobo , Bulanglang (pork cooked in guava juice), Lechon Kawali and Bringhe (a green sticky rice dish similar to paella ) are one of them mainstay on festivals of the Kapampangan . Local sweets and treats like pastillas , Turonnes de Casuy and office are in demand in most Filipinos as well as in a growing number of tourists who want to enjoy the authentic cuisine of Kapampangan.
Furthermore, tourism is a growing industry in the Pampanga province. Clark Field in Angeles City is the location of Diosdado Macapagal International Airport, Luzon's second international airport. Hotels and resorts have established themselves within the Clark Special Economic Zone. Popular destinations in the province include St. Peter's Shrine in Apalit, Mt. Arayat, and the National Park in San Juan Bano. Notable annual events include the Giant Lantern Festival in December, the annual Clarkfield Hot Air Balloon Festival in February, and Lent celebrations in San Pedro Cutud two days before Easter, and the Aguman Sanduk in Minalin on the afternoon of New Years Day .
Recently, a semiconductor industry has been developing in the province within the Clark Special Economic Zone in Angeles City, promoting the manufacture of consumer electronics and computers.
Administrative division
Pampanga is subdivided into 20 independently administered municipalities and 2 cities. The municipalities and cities are made up of a total of 537 barangays (districts). The province is still divided into four congressional districts .
Cities
Communities
history
Pampanga was reorganized on December 11, 1571 by the Spanish under Governor-General Miguel Lopez de Legaspi and was the first province to be established on the island of Luzon. Previously, the region was part of the Luzon Empire . For better state control and taxation, the Spanish authorities divided Pampanga into cities (pueblos), these in turn into districts ( barrios ) and in some cases into royal and private lands (encomiendas). Due to the excessive abuse of private goods by some scholarship holders , the King of Spain forbade the allocation of private encomiendas in 1574. However, until 1620, the authorities were unable to fully enforce the royal decree.
At that time, the provincial territory included the present-day provinces of Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Zambales, Tarlac and Pangasinan. The Pampanga area stretched from Manila up to Cagayan during this period .
Its current boundaries were finally set in 1873. During the Spanish rule, the province was one of the richest Philippine provinces. At that time, Manila and the surrounding areas were primarily dependent on agricultural and forestry products, on fishing and on the supply of qualified workers from this region. Due to the increase in population, it became necessary to subdivide the provinces of Luzon into smaller administrative units, which meant that some localities of Pampanga had to be transferred to newly created provinces in central Luzon.
The historical province of Bataan , which was founded in 1754 under the administration of the Spanish governor General Pedro Manuel Arandia and separated from the province of Pampanga, comprised the municipalities of Abucay, Balanga, Dinalupihan, Llana Hermosa, Orani, Orion, Pilar and Samal. Aliaga, Cabiao, Gapan, San Antonio and San Isidro, which originally belonged to Pampanga, were transferred to the province of Nueva Ecija in 1848 during the tenure of the Spanish Governor General Narciso Claveria y Zaldua . The municipality of San Miguel de Mayumo was in turn ceded to the province of Bulacan in 1848.
In 1860 the northern villages of Bamban, Capas, Concepcion, Victoria, Tarlac, Mabalacat, Magalang, Porac and Floridablanca separated from Pampanga, which from then on were under the jurisdiction of a military command, the so-called Comandancia Militar de Tarlac. In 1873 the last four places were returned to Pampanga, while the other five municipalities were assigned to the newly created Tarlac Province .
During the Philippine Revolution, Pampanga was one of the first eight provinces to revolt against Spain in a communal revolt. Due to the more than two centuries of Spanish rule, which the locals perceived as corrupt and exploitative, many Kapampangans joined the struggle for Filipino independence, in the course of which many leaders were arrested, tortured or executed by the Spanish authorities. On March 17, 1899, General Emilio Aguinaldo moved the seat of the short-lived Philippine Republic he founded to what is now Angeles City .
During the Second World War, Pampanga was the base for a guerrilla unit known as the " Hukbalahap ". The Huks later formed the core of an insurgent communist group after the war that was crushed in the early 1950s. During the years of the dictatorship under President Ferdinand Marcos, these communist rebels founded the New People's Army, which is still active today .
One of the greatest disasters to hit Pampanga was the Pinatubo eruption in 1991. The areas of Angeles , Bacolor , Porac and Mabalacat were hardest hit.
climate
The Pampanga Province has a climate with pronounced rainy and dry seasons. The rainy and wet period usually begins in May. It is accompanied by numerous typhoons and lasts until October. The rest of the year is determined by significantly drier weather. The warmest time of the year is between March and April, while the coolest period is from December to February.
politics
The province has two constituencies for the House of Representatives of the Philippines .
Attractions
- San Agustin Church, Lubao (National Historical Landmark)
- Paskuhan Village (City of San Fernando)
- Expo Pilipino (Clark Freeport Zone, Angeles City)
- Federosa Island Resort (Sto. Tomas)
- Sito Palakol Resort (Floridablanca)
- Clearwater Resort and Country Club (Clark Freeport Zone, Angeles City)
- Paradise Ranch (Conservation Park) Clark
- old neighborhood Angeles City
- Bayanihan Park (formerly Astro Park)
- Mount Arayat National Park (Arayat)
- Scenic Candaba Marsh and Wild Duck Sanctuary (Candaba)
- Pinatubo crater (Pampanga / Tarlac / Zambales)
- Dara Falls (Porac) - Pampangas version of the Pagsanjan Falls from Laguna
- Cong Dadong Dam (Arayat)
