Reuschenfeld

Reuschenfeld Ruskie Pole (no longer existent)
	Reuschenfeld Ruskie Pole (no longer existent)
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Warmia-Masuria
Powiat :	Węgorzewo
Gmina :	Węgorzewo
Geographic location :	54 ° 20 '  N , 21 ° 38'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 19 '32 "  N , 21 ° 38' 28"  E
Residents :

Reuschenfeld was a municipality in the Gerdauen district in East Prussia . After 1945, the village was divided due to the Polish-Soviet demarcation: the northern part is now in Osjorsk Rajon in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad, about five kilometers east of Krylowo (Nordenburg) , the southern part belongs to the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and received for a short time Time the name "Ruskie Pole". The place is considered non-existent on both the Russian and Polish side.

Geographical location

Before 1945, the village of Reuschenfeld was crossed by the German Reichsstraße 131 , which led from Königsberg (Prussia) and Gerdauen to Arys via Angerburg and Lötzen and on whose route the Russian trunk road A 196 resp. the Polish national road DK 63 run. In addition, since 1911 Reuschenfeld was a train station on the former Reichsbahn line Königsberg (Prussia) –Gerdauen – Angerburg , whose operation has ceased in 1945.

history

There is little evidence of Reuschenfeld's history. The village was founded around 1440/1450 under Grand Master Konrad von Ehrlichhausen . Matthes Perlan von Reuschenfeld received the place with a size of 40 hooves according to Magdeburg law in exchange for two record services and with the granting of seven free years.

In 1910 there were 320 people living in Reuschenfeld. Their number rose to 677 by 1939.

Until 1945 the community Reusch field belonged to the two villages Wilhelm Sorge (later Russian: Garschino, no longer in existence) and Good Waldhof (today Polish: Pasternak) for district Gerdauen in the administrative district of Konigsberg the Prussian province of East Prussia .

On January 20, 1945, most of the residents of Reuschenfeld fled the village on a trek; others followed a day later, some of them in military vehicles. In the spring of 1945 there were still 110 people living here who were expelled at short notice.

After 1945 the southern part of the municipality came under Polish administration with the name Ruskie Pole (1951). The local office is incorporated within the municipality of Węgorzewo in the powiat Węgorzewski in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (1975-1998 Suwałki Voivodeship ). The northern part came under Soviet administration to Osjorsk Raion in Kaliningrad Oblast . A Russian name is not known.

District

In 1874 Reuschenfeld was incorporated with Sutzken (today in Polish: Suczki) in the district of the municipality of Raudischken (1938–45 Raudingen , today in Polish: Rudziszki). In 1930 Reuschenfeld became a district village and now also gave the district its name. The last head of office before 1945 was August Hundsdörfer .

church

Until 1945, Reuschenfeld belonged to the parish of Nordenburg (today in Russian: Krylowo) in the parish of Gerdauen in the church province of East Prussia of the Protestant Church of the Old Prussian Union since the Reformation .

The parish of Nordenburg-Land (in addition to Nordenburg-Stadt) comprised 44 localities from the eleven municipalities:

Abelischken (1938–45 Ilmenhorst , today Russian: Belkino) Birkenfeld (Polish: Brzeźnica) Ellernbruch (Russian: Watutino, no longer existent) Groß Bajohren (1938–45 Großblankenfelde , now Polish: Bajory Wielkie) Hochlindenberg (today Russian: Podlipowo) Klein Bajohren (1938–45 Kleinblankenfelde , Polish: Bajory Małe)

New Bajohren (now Polish) Pentlack (Russian: Kamenka) Raudischken (1938–45 Raudingen , Polish: Rudziszki) Reuschenfeld (Polish Ruskie Pole) Sawadden (1938–45 Bruchort , today Russian).

The church location for Reuschenfeld was thus Nordenburg , in whose church (built in 1705, since 1945 only in ruins) the services, weddings and baptisms took place. But church services also took place in the Reuschenfeld school. The last German clergyman was Pastor Alfred Kaminsky .

school

Before 1945 Reuschenfeld had a two-class elementary school with a large school garden. The teachers' apartments were also located in the school building. The last headmaster was Gustav Schiemann .

Personality of the place

• Margarete Gause (born March 8, 1922 in Reuschenfeld), East Prussian homeland poet.

Todays situation

Northern district

In what is now the Russian part of the village, its center and all the houses near the border were totally destroyed or dismantled. In the former village of Wilhelmssorge (Russian: Garschino), some houses have been preserved, which are now used by border guards as apartments. The Chaussee and later Reichsstrasse 131 , completed in 1858 between Gerdauen and Angerburg , was widened in 1938 and provided with an asphalt surface. All important businesses and offices of the community were on this street: post office, gendarmerie post, school as well as carpentry, wheelwright and two inns (with groceries).

Southern district

Today's Polish district is now part of Rudziszki ( Raudischken , 1938 to 1945 Raudingen ), 13 residential buildings from before 1945 have been preserved here. In contrast, Gut Waldhof (Pasternak), which became a state estate, was completely preserved .

The Reuschenfeld station building erected in 1911 - it was one kilometer southwest of the town center - has been demolished, the Königsberg – Angerburg railway line , which opened on September 1, 1898, has been dismantled. The last station master was Herta Herrmann . The light rail line to Wilhelmssorge was dismantled in the early 1930s. This part of Reuschenfeld has had a water pipe since 1996.

literature

• Friedwald Moeller: Old Prussian Evangelical Pastors' Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945 . Part 1: The parishes and their positions . Association for Family Research in East and West Prussia, Hamburg 1968 ( special publications of the Association for Family Research in East and West Prussia eV 11, ISSN  0505-2734 ).