Rudziszki

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Rudziszki
Rudziszki does not have a coat of arms
Rudziszki (Poland)
Rudziszki
Rudziszki
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Węgorzewo
Gmina : Węgorzewo
Geographic location : 54 ° 19 ′  N , 21 ° 39 ′  E Coordinates: 54 ° 18 ′ 51 ″  N , 21 ° 39 ′ 22 ″  E
Residents : 49
Postal code : 11-600
Telephone code : (+48) 87
License plate : NWE
Economy and Transport
Street : Węgorzewo - Perły ↔ PL / RUS state border
Suczki → Rudziszki
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig



Rudziszki ( German  Raudischken , 1938 to 1945 Raudingen ) is a village in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and belongs to the urban and rural community of Węgorzewo (Angerburg) in the powiat Węgorzewski ( Angerburg district ).

Geographical location

Rudziszki is located east of the Polish national road DK 63 in the northeast of the Warmia-Masurian Voivodeship in the southeastern area of the Gerdauen district , the largest area of ​​which is now part of the Kaliningrad Oblast ( Königsberg (Prussia) area ) in Russia . Today's district metropolis Węgorzewo (Angerburg) is located 12 kilometers to the southeast, while the former district town of Gerdauen ( Russian Schelesnodoroschny ) is 24 kilometers to the northwest.

history

Raudischken was laid out under Dietrich von Schlieben (1605–1652) in the wilderness that was then part of the Schlieben estates and was first mentioned in 1627 and consisted of the village and a large estate.

The manor remained in the possession of the von Schlieben family until 1771 when Major Friedrich Casimir Freiherr von Funck bought it. His heirs sold the property, and after several changes of ownership, Eduard Hasford acquired the property. In 1895 its area was 756 hectares. In 1906 it was bought by Otto von Below , whose family remained the owners until 1945.

On April 9, 1874 Raudischken office Village and thus its name to one was the district of the county Gerdauen in the administrative district of Konigsberg the Prussian province of East Prussia .

In 1910 the manor house was rebuilt in neo-baroque style . In the same year the number of inhabitants in Raudischken was 229. The manor house suffered severe damage in the First World War , but it was soon repaired by the von Below family, who returned to Pomerania after fleeing .

On September 30, 1928, the Raudischken manor was incorporated into the Sutzken rural community ( Suczki in Polish ) and the Sutzken rural community was renamed "Raudischken". In 1930 and 1931 the estate was relocated, with the owner family retaining the manor house with a park and 20 hectares of arable land and several hectares of forest.

Rear of the Raudischken mansion

On May 18, 1930, the administrative district seat of Raudischken was relocated to Reuschenfeld (Polish: Ruskie Pole, no longer existent) and the name was changed accordingly to "District Reuschenfeld". Raudischken himself was renamed "Raudingen" on June 3 (officially confirmed on July 16) 1938 in accordance with the National Socialist policy of Germanization . The number of inhabitants had changed from 464 in 1933 to 430 in 1939. They all fled on January 19, 1945, and not all made the arduous journey west.

As a result of the war, in 1945 Raudingen and southern East Prussia became part of Poland only two kilometers from the Polish-Soviet border. The place was given the Polish name "Rudziszki" and became the seat of a Schulzenamt (Polish Sołectwo) for the places Łęgwarowo (Lingwarowen , 1938 to 1945 Berglingen) , Pasternak (Waldhof) , Rudziszki, Suczki (Sutzken , 1938 to 1945 Sutzen) and Zielony Ostrów (Bergenthal) . As a locality, Rudziszki is now part of the urban and rural municipality of Węgorzewo in the powiat Węgorzewski , before 1998 part of the Suwałki Voivodeship, since then it has belonged to the Warmia-Masurian Voivodeship .

The Raudischken / Raudingen manor house survived the Second World War almost unscathed. It was first used as the house of the border guards , then it was a sanatorium for drinking . During the reconstruction after a fire in 1950, the original mansard roof was replaced by a hipped roof. Today there is a home for the mentally handicapped here . Other houses and agricultural buildings in the village have also been preserved, including the octagonal smithy, which is threatened with decay .

Raudischken District (1874–1930)

Raudischken was an official village for almost 56 years. Originally four villages belonged to his administrative district , in the end there were two more, which were then assigned to the administrative district Reuschenfeld (Polish: Ruskie Pole, no longer existent):

German name Polish name Remarks
Raudischken
1938–1945: Raudingen 		Rudziszki 1928 incorporated into the rural community of Sutzken,
which was renamed "Raudischken"
Reuschenfeld Ruskie Pole
Sutzken
1938–1945: Sutzen 		Suczki 1928 renamed "Raudischken"
Wilhelmssorge Garschino 1928 incorporated into Reuschenfeld
After the formation of the administrative district
arose and incorporated :
Waldhof 		Pasternak 1928 incorporated into Reuschenfeld

When the district of Raudischken was transferred to the district of Reuschenfeld, only the two communities of Raudingen and Reuschenfeld belonged to it.

church

Evangelical

The population of Raudischken resp. Until 1945, Raudingens was almost exclusively of the Protestant denomination. It was parish in the parish of the church in Nordenburg ( Russian: Krylowo ), which is now in Russian territory , which belonged to the church district of Gerdauen in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . The only few Protestant church members left in Rudziszki today are assigned to the parish in Węgorzewo (Angerburg) , a subsidiary of the parish in Giżycko (Lötzen) in the Masurian diocese of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland .

Catholic

The few Catholics before 1945 belonged to the parish of St. Bruno in Insterburg (today : Chernyachovsk in Russian ) in the Tilsit dean's office (in Russian: Sowetsk) in the Diocese of Warmia . Today the majority of Rudziszki's residents are of the Catholic denomination. They are now part of the parish of St. Joseph in Węgielsztyn (angel stone) , which at the nearby Perły (Perlswalde) a subsidiary church and even one in Rudziszki hospital church maintains. The parish belongs to the deanery Węgorzewo in the diocese of Ełk (Lyck) of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland .

traffic

Rudziszki is not far from the Polish state road DK 63 (former German Reichsstraße 131 ) between Perły (Perlswalde) and the Polish-Russian state border, for which a border crossing point is planned. There is also an overland road from the neighboring village of Suczki (Sutzken , 1938 to 1945 Sutzen) here.

There is no longer a train connection. Until 1945 Reuschenfeld ( Polish: Ruskie Pole ) was the next train station on the Königsberg – Angerburg railway line . It has not been in operation since 1945, the Reuschenfeld train station was renamed "Ruskie Pole" in 1945 and then "Rudziszki" in 1948.

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Rudziszki  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 1099
  2. ^ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Register of Places East Prussia (2005): Raudensee
  3. ↑ a b c d Rudziszki - Raudischken / Raudingen
  4. ↑ a b Rolf Jehke, Raudischken / Reuschenfeld district
  5. ^ Uli Schubert, municipality directory, district of Gerdauen
  6. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Gerdauen (Russian Schelesnodoroschnyj). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  7. ↑ The name is Russian, as the place is now on Russian territory. However, the village no longer exists today
  8. ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 458
  9. ^ Reuschenfeld train station at Ogólnopolska Baza Kolejowa