Robschütz
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Robschütz
Community Klipphausen
Coordinates: 51 ° 7 ′ 23 ″ N , 13 ° 25 ′ 15 ″ E
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| Height : | 173 m above sea level NN |
| Residents : | 332 (December 31, 2011) |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 1950 |
| Incorporated into: | Garsebach |
| Postal code : | 01665 |
| Area code : | 03521 |
 Location of the district Robschütz in Klipphausen
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Robschütz is a district of the municipality of Klipphausen in the district of Meißen , Saxony .
geography
Robschütz is located in the Meißner highlands between Nossen and Meißen . The village is surrounded by the other districts belonging to Klipphausen, Garsebach in the northeast, Semmelsberg in the east, Kettewitz in the southeast and Roitzschen in the south. Neighboring southwest is Luga , northwest Löthain , both municipality Käbschützal .
The district of Robschütz is divided into Altrobschütz and Neurobschütz. The Altrobschütz estate with its large manor is located in the Triebisch valley or on the orographic left slope of the valley. The town center lies along the streets “Schenkberg”, “Am Burgser” and “Am Rittergutshof”. The Neurobschütz, which consists of a three- sided and four-sided courtyard as well as a cottage, is located on Neurobschützer Weg on a plateau about 300 meters northeast of the Altrobschütz town center. Other named streets are the Nossener Straße, which leads through the Triebischtal as state road 83 , as well as the streets “Neue Siedlung”, “Am Talumwerk”, “Kuhberg” and the Hufweg. Several buildings in the village are protected as cultural monuments (see list of cultural monuments in Robschütz ).
Outside the two village centers there is a small settlement character. At the eastern border of the corridor the Kleine Triebisch joins the Triebisch on the orographic right . Robschütz is connected to local public transport via bus lines 413 and 418 operated by the Meißen transport company . The Borsdorf – Coswig railway runs through the town, which however does not have its own stopping point. The next stop is Miltitz-Roitzschen two kilometers south.
history
In Robschütz located on Castle Hill, a rocky outcrop "On Burgser", remains of early and high medieval hill fort , which existed until the 12th century and with a larger plant on the opposite on the other side of the valley Jockischberg at chain joke is connected. The few Slavic ceramic finds made on the section wall date back to the 10th century, but have been lost. Wall and moat remains from the hill have been preserved. It was a wood and earth construction with an outer stone wall. Access was via the plateau to the west. The diameter of the protected facility is a maximum of 65 meters, the highest wall height 10 meters.
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The place name Robschütz was first mentioned in 1228 as part of the personal name "Volcwinus de Robatsitz", which is why it can be assumed that there was a manor house in Robschütz at that time. The place name, originally in Old Sorbian “Robačici”, is derived from the locator name “Robak” or “Robač” and means “settlement of the people of a Robak / Robač”. This name can be traced back to the Slavic root * orb- (German: to work); the place name Robschütz is thus originally related to the word robot . Over the centuries it changed among other things via the forms "Rogatschitz", "Rabatschicz", "Robeschicz", "Rabeschicz", "Rubeschicz", and "Rabschitz" to the current spelling. It is documented for 1791, when a distinction was made between Alt- and Neurobschütz.
Around the village, whose residents earned their income from agriculture, there was a 223 hectare block corridor . The manorial rule was initially exercised by the owners of the Batzdorf manor , then in 1696 the Robschütz manor in the old script appears in the documents, which emerged from a Vorwerk mentioned in 1547 . The Robschützer Rittergut included the villages of Luga and Schönnewitz , the Reitzschwüsten farm and an inn in Klosterholz. The property originally belonged to the von Robschütz family, then to the Miltitz family . By marrying Dorothea Magdalena von Miltitz, the Robschütz manor passed into the possession of the Saxon Grand Chancellor and Oberhofmarschall Wolf Dietrich von Beichlingen , after which it belonged to different owners in mostly quick changes.
Robschütz was and is parish in the parish of St. Afra in Meißen. For centuries, the administration of the place was the responsibility of the Meissen Hereditary Authority . In 1856 Robschütz belonged to the Meißen court office and then joined the Meißen district administration , from which the district of the same name emerged. On the basis of the rural community order of 1838 , Robschütz gained independence as a rural community . On July 1, 1950, Robschütz came to Garsebach through incorporation , which in turn merged in 1994 with Burkhardswalde-Munzig and Miltitz to form the municipality of Triebischtal. While the Neurobschütz district still belongs to Robschütz today, there is a special case in connection with the former Roitzschwiese district of Robschütz - this came to Roitzschen in 1925, due to the spatial proximity of both places.
The LPG "Grüner Weg" Robschütz, founded in 1953, merged in 1970 with the LPG "August Bebel" Miltitz, which has since had its headquarters in Robschütz and has 816 hectares of land. On January 1st, 1976 the KAP “Saatbau” Krögis took over the plant production and the LPG “Florian Geyer” Heynitz took over the cattle farming.
With the incorporation of Triebischtal on July 1, 2012, Robschütz is part of the municipality of Klipphausen.
Population development
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Mining and industrial history
Robschütz is in an old mining area; The Garsebach Switzerland, the world's largest pitch stone deposit , the Miltitz and Groitzsch lime works , the silver ore tunnels near Munzig and Weitzschen and the mouth of the Rothschönberger tunnel are in the immediate vicinity . In Robschütz, travertine , petrified limestone tuff , was quarried between Burgberg and Triebisch . It was used as a building material in Meissen as early as the 15th century. Petrus Albinus mentioned the occurrence in 1590 in his Meißnische Bergk-Chronica , it was also known to the mineralogist Georgius Agricola and the naturalist Johannes Kentmann . It was famous as a place where fossils were found , including prints of plants, snails and the bones of smaller land animals. As one of the few and small travertine deposits in Saxony, it was completely mined by the end of the 19th century. In 1813 an employee of the Kgl. Porcelain Manufactory Meißen in Robschütz an ocher layer. Up to 800 quintals of this so-called Robschützer Gelberde were mined and sold worldwide as earth color . Mining came to an end with the advent of synthetic dyes.
After the Borsdorf – Coswig railway line was opened on December 22nd, 1868, medium-sized industries began to settle there. The most important example is a paper mill built in 1870 in the Triebisch valley. It was significantly expanded in 1873 and extended to the neighboring Eulitzmühle, whose water power plants it used for its own energy supply. In the course of the global economic crisis , the company went bankrupt. A talc factory continued to use the existing building since 1932. Later, like the cork mill on the Roitzschwiese , it switched to the production of slate flour. In 1989, 15 workers were employed in this factory; In 1993 it was closed.
In Robschütz, the narrow-gauge railway Wilsdruff – Gärtitz crossed the Triebisch valley on a viaduct that was inaugurated on October 1, 1909. The route in this area described a curve on a slight incline. The bridge, with over 200 meters the longest narrow-gauge bridge in Saxony, was the scene of two serious rail accidents that resulted in death. On January 7, 1949 and December 25, 1962, a train fell due to excessive speed. Operations ceased in 1966 and the bridge's eleven superstructures were dismantled in the 1970s. Most of the bridge piers have been preserved to this day.
Personalities
- Oskar Thierbach (1909–1991), German racing cyclist, lived in Robschütz and was considered one of the strongest road riders in Germany before the Second World War
literature
- Andreas Christl: The travertine from Robschütz near Meißen and its use as a lightweight construction material in the late Middle Ages . In: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony (ed.): Historical building research in Saxony, workbook 4, Dresden 2000. ISBN 3-930382-46-6
Web links
- Robschütz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Robschützer address book from 1905
- Robschütz railway viaduct
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Elbe valley and Lößhügelland near Meißen (= values of our homeland . Volume 32). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1979, p. 187.
- ^ Ernst Eichler / Hans Walther : Historical book of place names of Saxony. Vol. 2, Berlin 2001. P. 290 f.
- ↑ Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1, 1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office