Sarata

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Sarata
Сарата
Coat of arms is missing
Sarata (Ukraine)
Sarata
Sarata
Basic data
Oblast : Odessa Oblast
Rajon : Sarata Raion
Height : no information
Area : 5.01 km²
Residents : 5,008 (2004)
Population density : 1,000 inhabitants per km²
Postcodes : 68200
Area code : +380 4848
Geographic location : 46 ° 2 '  N , 29 ° 40'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 2 '24 "  N , 29 ° 39' 47"  E
KOATUU : 5124555100
Administrative structure : An urban-type settlement
Mayor : Serhiy Ruslyachenko
Address: вул. Чкалова 15
68200 смт. Сарата
Statistical information
Sarata (Odessa Oblast)
Sarata
Sarata
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Sarata ( Ukrainian and Russian Сарата , Romanian Sărata ) is an urban-type settlement in Sarata Raion in Odessa Oblast , Ukraine . The settlement is 95 km from Ismajil in the southwest and 65 km from Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyj in the northeast and is located on the international trunk road M 15 / E 87 . In 2001 there were 5229 inhabitants according to the census.

The place was named after the Sarata river , which flows through it and flows into Lake Sassyk , a liman of the Black Sea , about 20 km further south . The river name is derived from the Romanian word sarat , which means salty.

history

Founding history of the Sarata colony

The place lies in the historical landscape of Bessarabia . The area of ​​Bessarabia came in 1812 in the Treaty of Bucharest from the Ottoman vassal state of Moldova together with the Budschak to the Russian Empire . The new acquisition was treated as a colonization area and initially assigned to the Governor General of New Russia . In a manifesto of 1813, Tsar Alexander I called German colonists into the country to colonize the newly won steppe areas in New Russia. Here, in 1822, German emigrants founded Sarata and its agricultural land on an allocated 16,000 Dessjatinen (Russian area measure, about 18,000 ha). The place belongs to the 24 Bessarabian German mother colonies. They were established by immigrants, while daughter colonies were later established by residents of the mother colonies.

Local founder Ignaz Lindl

Of the emigrants who settled here in 1822, around 70 emigrant families came from Bavaria and Württemberg as well as their leader, Pastor Ignaz Lindl . The families were both Catholic and Protestant. The colonists had first moved to Odessa and arrived in covered wagons on March 19, 1822 on the Sarata River, where they built the village. The wealthy merchant Christian Friedrich Werner from Giengen an der Brenz followed him in 1823 at the age of 63, but died a few months later in Sarata. Werner bequeathed his fortune of 25,000 rubles in silver to the municipality of Sarata. Of these, a church was built about 1843 and 1844 originated Evangelical German Lehrerbildungsanstalt Werner , according to its founder and Werner school called. This was the first German-speaking teacher training institute in the Tsarist Empire and the only one in Bessarabia.

Lindl, with his charismatic charisma and his large audience among the faithful - up to 10,000 people came to his sermons in Germany, Saint Petersburg and Bessarabia - also had enemies. They accused him of being a popular rebel and sect leader before the tsar. In addition, he married his housekeeper as a Catholic priest. Thereupon Lindl was expelled by the Russian tsar in 1823. Werner's company partner Gottlieb Veygel took over the management of the community of Sarata, which became Protestant, as mayor. He ended the community of property introduced by Lindl and distributed the land to the families. In addition, the Bessarabian German villages Gnadental and Lichtental emerged on Sarata's original land of 16,000 Dessjatinen .

Prehistory in Germany

The church in Sarata
Sarataweg in Schneverdingen

Ignaz Lindl was a Catholic priest with charismatic aura. When he was still preaching in Gundremmingen , he came into contact with supporters of the Allgäu revival movement . This Catholic movement had ecumenical features and expressed itself in the form of public sermons and the advocacy of common property and simple, strict rites as in the supposed early Christianity . When Lindl lost his first parish in 1818 by decree of King Maximilian I Joseph and found a new one in Gundremmingen, where he preached sermons to several thousand people, he had to go there too. He met with the Russian Tsar Alexander I, who was in Germany at the time. As a friend of the revival movement, the Tsar offered Lindl a place of refuge.

First Lindl preached in Saint Petersburg , Russia. There he was able to present to the Tsar his wish to found a community in the Russian south (then New Russia ), in the Odessa region . When he arrived there in 1820, however, he found no approval of his ideas among the German colonists of the Catholic faith. That is why he began in his old homeland, with the help of the wealthy businessman Christian Friedrich Werner from Württemberg and his business partner Gottlieb Veygel, to recruit emigrants to Bessarabia. With them and Alois Schertzinger he founded the new colonist village Sarata in 1822.

20th century

After the Soviet occupation of Bessarabia in the summer of 1940, covered by the Hitler-Stalin pact , the approximately 1,600 German Bessarabia local residents joined in the fall of 1940, the resettlement into the German Empire under the slogan Heim ins Reich on.

Sons and Daughters of Sarata

literature

  • Christian Fieß: Heimatbuch Sarata: 1822–1940 . Mühlacker: [self-published], 1979.
  • Immanuel Wagner: History of the founding of the Sarata colony 1822–1832 . Stuttgart-Mühlacker: Local history museum of the Germans from Bessarabia, 1967.
  • Woldemar Zurkan: Sarata and the Werner School. From the history of emigration . Kornwestheim: [self-published], 1996.

See also

Web links