USS Cabot (CVL-28)
_underway.jpg) Dédalo (R01) 1988 |
|
| Overview | |
|---|---|
| Keel laying | June 2, 1942 |
| Launch | April 4, 1943 |
| 1. Period of service |
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|
| Commissioning | July 24, 1943 |
| Decommissioning | January 21, 1955 |
| Whereabouts | Reserve fleet |
| 2. Period of service |
|
| Commissioning | August 30, 1967 |
| Decommissioning | August 30, 1989 |
| Whereabouts | Scrapped in 2002 |
| Technical specifications | |
| displacement | |
| length |
189.7 m |
| width |
21.8 m (waterline) |
| height |
14 m (flight deck) |
| Draft |
7.9 m |
| crew |
1,569 |
| drive |
4 steam boilers |
| speed |
31.6 kn (~ 59 km / h) |
| Range |
5,800 nm (~ 10,700 km) |
| Armament |
1943: |
The USS Cabot (CVL-28) was an American light aircraft carrier . It was the seventh ship of the Independence class , which through conversions of existing cruiser hulls of Cleveland class emerged. The ship served it in the Pacific theater of the Second World War from 1944 to 1945. From 1948 to 1955 it served as a training aircraft carrier for the United States Navy . After that it was part of the reserve fleet . From 1967 to 1989 it was used as a Dédalo (R01) by the Spanish Navy Armada Española . Until 1976, the Spanish Navy only used the ship as a helicopter carrier . From 1976 AV-8S Matadors were also stationed on the ship. After it was handed over to the US association Cabot-Dedalo Museum Foundation , there were attempts from 1990 to 2001 to keep the ship in the USA as a museum ship . In 2002 the ship was then scrapped.
technology
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More about the technology can be found in the article on the class under Independence class
The USS Cabot was approximately 190 meters long and 33 meters wide and, with an operational displacement of 13,000 ts, had a draft of almost eight meters. Her hull was based on that of the Cleveland- class cruiser and had to be widened due to the more massive superstructures, which it was hoped would significantly reduce the top-heaviness . Despite all the constructive measures, this could never be fully compensated.
Although it was only a little larger than the escort aircraft carrier as an Independence-class carrier , it mainly differed from the escort aircraft carriers by its powerful propulsion system, which meant that its range of applications was similar to that of the large fleet aircraft carriers . The 100,000 hp engine system taken over from the cruisers drove four propellers and brought the ship to a top speed of 31.6 knots .
The rectangular flight deck common at the time was approximately 174 meters long and 22.3 meters wide and had two deck elevators and a catapult . The island had to be kept small for reasons of stability, which is why there was no single, integrated chimney and instead four smaller ones were attached separately. This striking structure only accommodated the navigating bridge , while the operations center was located below the flight deck.
In the course of the war were long wave - radars SK and SC-2 as well as the SG - microwave -Radar installed on the ship. Mounted on the island and on an additional mast between two of the chimneys, these devices enabled early warnings up to 180 km away. A SPS-6 radar was used from 1967.
The Cabot's defensive armament consisted of 40 mm L / 60 and 20 mm L / 70 anti-aircraft guns, the number of which varied continuously during the war. In 1944, the 40 mm quadruple flak installed on the fuselage and stern was retrofitted with the Mk 51 fire control system , which could target aircraft up to 3.5 km away and thus fight them more effectively. From 1967 only 26 40 mm Bofors guns were on board.
The board squadron was during their active service in World War II mainly of 24 F6F Hellcat -Jagdflugzeugen and nine torpedo bombers of the type Grumman Avenger .
From 1967 to 1989 up to 33 helicopters and AV-8S matadors were stationed on the ship. From 1976 up to eight AV-8S Matadors, up to eight SH-3D Sea King and up to four AB 212ASW Twin Huey were on board. Sikorsky S-55 , AH-1 Cobra and other types of helicopters were also temporarily on the ship.
period of service
Construction and commissioning
_off_the_Philadelphia_Navy_Yard_in_August_1943.jpg)
The ship was originally laid down as the light cruiser Wilmington (CL-79) on June 2, 1942 at the New York Shipbuilding Co. in Camden , New Jersey , USA . After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the subsequent entry of the United States into World War II , there was a shortage of aircraft carriers in the US Navy. As a result, a plan that had been drawn up before the war was put into practice, according to which the existing cruiser hulls were to be converted into aircraft carriers. On August 1, 1943, the ship was christened Cabot (registration number CVL-28 ) and launched . On November 17, 1943, the USS Cabot entered active service as the seventh Independence- class carrier .
War effort
The USS Cabot sailed from Naval Air Station Quonset Point , Rhode Island , to Pearl Harbor on November 8, 1943 . On January 15, 1944, she became part of the Fast Carrier Task Force in Majuro Atoll . During the Battle of the Marshall Islands , the carrier's aircraft flew attacks on the Marshall Islands of Roi and Namur from February 4 to March 5 . The Truk Atoll was also attacked. In late March, attacks were carried out on the islands and atolls of Palau , Yap , Ulithi and Woleai . From April 22nd to 25th, aircraft of the carrier carried out air strikes on Japanese troops in Hollandia in Dutch New Guinea to support landing operations there. From April 29th, air strikes were carried out on the Truk Atoll, Satawan and Ponape . Preparatory attacks for the Battle of the Mariana Islands were launched on June 6th . From June 19 to June 22, the ship was involved in the battle of the Philippine Sea . It took place in the Mariana Islands and was the largest porter battle in history. Attacks on Iwo Jima , Pagan , Rota , Guam , Yap and Ulithi followed by August 9 . In September, the carrier was present in air strikes to retake Palau and retake the Philippines . In the Philippines , the Mindanao , Visayas and Luzon archipelagos were attacked. Until mid-October, the porter was present in attacks against Okinawa and Taiwan .
On October 25 and 26, the ship was used in the sea and air battle in the Gulf of Leyte . On November 25, there were kamikaze attacks on the USS Cabot . The crew had fought off several kamikazes when two kamikazes hit slammed onto the flight deck. An enemy aircraft that was already burning fell on the port side of the flight deck and smashed the 20 mm gun platform and a 40 mm gun platform that was still firing there. The other enemy aircraft covered the flight deck with shrapnel and burning debris in the explosion . 62 crew members were killed or wounded. The ship had to be repaired in Ulithi Atoll. From December 11, the ship was back in combat. Attacks on Luzon, Formosa, Indochina , Hong Kong and Nansei Shoto were carried out with other Fast Carrier Task Force ships . From February 10 to March 1, 1945 attacks were carried out on mainland Japan and the Ogasawara Islands . In March, the porter was deployed in support of the Battle of Okinawa . Operations against Kyūshū and Okinawa were flown. In June the ship went to San Francisco for an overhaul .
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The USS Cabot was added to the US Navy reserve fleet on February 11, 1947 . On October 27, 1948 the new service took place. The carrier has now been used for the Naval Air Reserve pilot training program. On January 21, 1955, the new transfer to the reserve fleet took place. In 1967 it was loaned to Spain. In 1972 the ship was sold to Spain. Now the ship has been removed from the Naval Vessel Register .
Used as the Spanish aircraft carrier Dédalo
_underway_in_1988.JPEG)
The Spanish Navy Armada Española put the ship into service on August 30, 1967 as Dédalo (R01) . Until 1976 that was Dédalo as a helicopter carrier for antisubmarine warfare against submarines used. In 1972 Spain bought the Dédalo . In 1976 the Dédalo was rebuilt. It was now used for vertical takeoff and landing by AV-8S matadors . During the conversion, a metal casing was attached to the wooden deck at the rear of the flight deck to prevent damage from the take-offs and landings of the AV-8S Matadors.
During the deployment by the Armada Española , the Dédalo was at sea for 1,650 days. She covered 300,000 nautical miles (560,000 km). 30,000 take-offs and landings were made on it. An AV-8S Matador and three AB 212ASW Twin Hueys were destroyed in accidents.
In 1989 the Armada Española replaced the Dédalo with the Príncipe de Asturias (R-11) . The Dédalo was given to the US association Cabot-Dedalo Museum Foundation in order to turn the ship into a museum ship .
Try to keep the USS Cabot as a museum ship
The ship was brought to New Orleans in 1990 by the Cabot-Dedalo Museum Foundation . The ship was listed on June 21, 1990 as a National Register of Historic Places and on June 29, 1990 as a National Historic Landmark . In 1997 it was towed to Brownsville , Texas . When the private association could not pay loans, the ship was sold on September 10, 1999 by the United States Marshals Service at auction to the company Sabe Marine Salvage from Rockport , Texas. The registration as a National Register of Historic Places and a National Historic Landmark was withdrawn on August 7, 2001. In 2002 the ship was scrapped.
The island of the USS Cabot or Dédalo was in the private Texas Air Museum in Rio Hondo . The museum was later closed and the ship's island was destroyed. For the National Museum of Naval Aviation in Pensacola , a replica of the island and part of the flight deck was created based on an original plan. The USS Lexington Aircraft Museum in Corpus Christi houses many parts of the ship such as the anchors and guns. Pictures, objects and information about the ship are also shown in one room.
Ship of the same name
The ship was the second ship in the US Navy called the USS Cabot in service. The first USS Cabot was a brig of the Continental Navy , the forerunner of the US Navy. The brig was bought in November 1775 and then used. In March 1777 there was a fight with the Royal Navy HMS Milford near Nova Scotia . The crew set the USS Cabot aground and abandoned it. The Royal Navy captured the USS Cabot as the first ship in the Continental Navy and took it over into their service. The aircraft carrier USS Lexington (CV-16) was named USS Cabot (CV-16) during construction until June 16, 1942 .
US awards
The ship received the following awards:
- Presidential Unit Citation
- Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with nine service stars
- World War II Victory Medal
- Navy Occupation Medal for "Asia" and "Europe"
- National Defense Service Medal
Additional information
See also
literature
- Stefan Terzibaschitsch : US Navy aircraft carrier - fleet aircraft carrier / escort aircraft carrier . 3. Edition. Bernard & Graefe, Bonn 2001, ISBN 3-7637-6200-0 .
Web links
- USS Cabot (CVL-28) on the side of the Nine Sisters Light Carrier Historical Documentary Project
