Vierkirchen (Upper Bavaria)
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Coordinates: 48 ° 22 ' N , 11 ° 28' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Bavaria | |
| Administrative region : | Upper Bavaria | |
| County : | Dachau | |
| Height : | 490 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 19.38 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 4636 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 239 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 85256 | |
| Area code : | 08139 | |
| License plate : | DAH | |
| Community key : | 09 1 74 150 | |
| Community structure: | 12 parts of the community | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Schulweg 1 85256 Vierkirchen |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Harald Dirlenbach ( SPD ) | |
| Location of the municipality of Vierkirchen in the Dachau district | ||
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Vierkirchen is a municipality in the Upper Bavarian district of Dachau .
geography
location
Vierkirchen is located in the Munich region, forty kilometers north of Munich.
Community structure
The municipality has twelve officially named municipal parts (the type of settlement is given in brackets ):
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There are the districts of Biberbach , Giebing, Pasenbach and Vierkirchen.
Neighboring communities
| Soft | Petershausen | |
| Market Indersdorf |
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Fahrenzhausen |
| Röhrmoos |
North of Vierkirchen are the communities Petershausen and Weichs . To the west is the sub-center of the Dachau district, Markt Indersdorf . The community of Röhrmoos borders in the south . Behind the municipality of Giebing is Kammerberg , which is part of the municipality of Fahrenzhausen (since 1972 part of the Freising district).
history
Until the church was founded in 1808
The boundaries of the parish of Vierkirchen were established around the year 779 under Bishop Aribo . According to historical research, the place Vierkirchen can be found in the 8th / 9th Century shouldn't have been great. But it was probably an important, perhaps even central, meeting place both for the secular minister (the count) and for the bishop. Whether Vierkirchen was already a permanent court at that time cannot be clearly proven.
Historical first mention: In the year 820 a layman named Reginhelm came to Vierkirchen, where Bishop Hitto von Freising is apparently holding a large meeting. This Reginhelm gives the bishop the property of his relative uncle Kaganhart, who saw his death approaching. He also transfers Kaganhart's son to the bishop for protection and piety; H. so probably for spiritual education.
As early as February 823, Vierkirchen came more clearly into the light: A noble matron named Cozilt renewed a donation to Vierkirchen, namely everything that she had had in the hamlet (vicus) Vierkirchen in terms of manipulations (= unfree farm workers), buildings and land. Vierkirchen offers one of the earliest mentions of the service and official area of a Bavarian count. In the above The donation is specifically recorded, the church of Vierkirchen is in ministerio Liutpaldis comitis, d. H. in the official area of Count Luitpald. In December 828 property was again given to the Erlöserkirche or Salvatorkirche zu Vierkirchen. This time a priest named Ekkihard hands over his property to Reod (= probably Ried near Oberbachern). This document mentions that the Erlöserkirche or Salvatorkirche zu Vierkirchen is subordinate to the Cathedral of Freising. So it is probably no longer an aristocratic church.
In these donations, two partners face each other who exerted a powerful influence on the general conditions of that time: The members of a class of landlords, the nobility, who were so wealthy that they could donate parts of their property to the church and on the other side the church with the diocese of Freising, to which the St. Salvator Church in Vierkirchen belonged. Actually only cathedral churches and monastery churches were consecrated to the Holy Redeemer at that time. So the Vierkirchen church must have been an important church for the bishop. But since nobles continue to give gifts to this Freising own church, they will have had a special relationship with this church. It can be assumed that their ancestors founded this church, built it from spruce wood and built it or built it in the former spruce forest, i.e. Feohtkiriha = spruce church. The names Feohtkiricha, Feochtkyricha, Fichtkiriha and Viechtkirchen can also be found in the Upper Bavarian archive. In addition, a noble family Viechkirchen are recorded in the Indersdorfer documents between 1150 and 1160 . A Dietrich der Vichtkircher - he was a judge in Kranzberg in 1375 - and an Isegrim de Viechkirchen can also be read. The coat of arms of these nobles reflects today's municipal coat of arms (stork head and neck).
Vierkirchen was part of the Munich Rent Office and the Dachau Regional Court of the Electorate of Bavaria .
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Vierkirchen parish in the 19th century
In the young Kingdom of Bavaria, the tax communities formed in 1808 became the political communities in today's style and given local autonomy. At that time the place Vierkirchen had about 350 inhabitants. In 1900 there were 565 people in Vierkirchen. The relatively short period from 1939 (643) to 1945 (1041) shows the largest jump in population growth. The resident population increased particularly in the villages of Vierkirchen, Pasenbach, Esterhofen and Ramelsbach near the railroad. As a result of the regional and community reform, the community now has around 4600 inhabitants. The place Vierkirchen used to be mainly agricultural. The meeting point for farmers and citizens has always been the village blacksmith's shop in the middle of the village.
Vierkirchen parish in the 20th century
After the Second World War, Vierkirchen remained as a municipality in the rural area of the Dachauer Land.
This changed from 1972 onwards due to two major events: On the one hand due to the regional reform, which assigned central functions to the municipality. On the other hand, through the opening of the S-Bahn (S2 of the MVV to Petershausen ) with a connection to the Esterhofen S-Bahn stop , which has been called Vierkirchen-Esterhofen since 1999.
In 1979 the community celebrated its 1200th anniversary.
From the 1970s onwards, the community initiated numerous infrastructure projects in order to cope with the increasing population.
In 1999 a partnership with the Italian municipality of Genazzano was decided in the municipal council.
Incorporations
As part of the territorial reform, the neighboring communities of Pasenbach were (partially) incorporated on January 1, 1972 and Giebing on July 1, 1972. Biberbach came to Röhrmoos on May 1, 1978 , the districts of which were Milbertshofen and Wiedenhöfe to Vierkirchen.
Administrative community
The administrative community founded in 1978 with Weichs was dissolved again in 1980.
Religions
The parish church of St. Jakobus in the parish of Vierkirchen was built in 1763/65 after the old Gothic church collapsed in 1759 due to dilapidation. The parish church in Giebing is one of the few art nouveau churches in southern Bavaria. The parish hall of the Evangelical Lutheran parish in Vierkirchen was built in 1978.
Meaning of the name Vierkirchen
Four churches are often assumed to be behind the name Vierkirchen. In the center of Vierkirchen there is only one church, the parish church of St. Jakobus . The popular belief that the name goes back to the fact that you can see four church towers from certain topographical points of the community has nothing to do with the name.
The various names Feohtkiricha, Feochtkyricha, Fichtkiriha and Viechtkirchen can be found in the Upper Bavarian archive. The first three names suggest the original spruce wood church as the namesake, from which the later family names of local families, such as Viechkirchen or Vichtkircher, were probably derived. The word four therefore developed from the word spruce.
Population development
Between 1988 and 2018 the municipality grew from 3,021 to 4,571 by 1,550 inhabitants or 51.3%.
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- Population development
The population figures from 1961 and 1970 also include the inhabitants of the part of the dissolved municipality of Biberbach that has moved to Vierkirchen .
politics
mayor
| person | Term of office | Political party |
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| Harald Dirlenbach | since 2014 | SPD |
| Heinz Eichinger | 1996-2014 | SPD |
| Canisius Großmann-Neuhäusler | 1978-1996 | CSU |
| Hans Bestle | 1960-1988 | CSU |
| Hans Ziegler | 1952-1960 | independent |
| Johann Eichinger | 1946-1952 | |
| Michael Mueller | 1945-1946 | |
| Hans Ziegler (Zinsbauer) | 1940-1945 | |
| Josef Bestle | 1933-1940 | |
| Michael Müller (Michemandl) | 1922-1933 | |
| Benno Sigl (Deiglbauer) | 1906-1922 | |
| Thomas Bertold (Reindl) | 1893-1906 | |
| Hans Mayr (Reischlbauer) | 1882-1893 | |
| Josef Ettl | 1879-1882 | |
| Farmer Kugler (Zinsbauer) and Josef Sedlmayr | 1876-1879 |
Municipal council
Composition based on the 2014 local elections
| CSU | SPD | FWV - Vierkirchen | FWG - Pasenbach |
| 5 seats | 7 seats | 2 seats | 3 seats |
coat of arms
The description of the coat of arms reads: In blue a white stork's trunk with a red beak.
Community partnerships
Since 2000 there has been a parish partnership between Vierkirchen and the Italian Genazzano .
Culture and sights
Architectural monuments
Natural pool
The natural pool (2000 m²) has existed in Vierkirchen since 2003 . This was created by converting the former clarification basins of the disused sewage treatment plant. These are artificially created swimming ponds and not a natural pool in the strict sense. The specialty of this bath is that the water in further pools - the regeneration pond (1500 m²) - is cleaned naturally. Here, in a biological self-cleaning process, the impurities are converted into mineral salts without chemical additives. Numerous aquatic plants in the regeneration pond, such as reeds and water lilies, use these salts as nutrients. This ensures that the water quality is consistently good.
Economy and Infrastructure
The municipal tax revenue amounted to around 7.578 million euros in 2018, of which 4,078,000 euros were trade tax revenues.
Economy including agriculture and forestry
In 1998, according to official statistics, there were five employees in the field of agriculture and forestry, 236 in the manufacturing sector and 81 in the field of trade and transport at the place of work. In other economic areas, 234 people were employed at the place of work subject to social security contributions. There were a total of 1314 employees at the place of residence subject to social security contributions. There was one in the manufacturing sector and ten in the construction sector. In addition, in 1999 there were 50 farms with an agricultural area of 1766 ha, of which 1544 ha were arable land.
traffic
The high-speed line Nuremberg – Ingolstadt – Munich runs through the municipality. The Vierkirchen-Esterhofen stop is connected to Munich's S-Bahn network with the S2 line . This S-Bahn connection is of central importance for numerous commuters.
To the east lies the federal highway 13 in the district of Freising, which runs in a north-south direction, connects Ingolstadt with Munich and enables a good connection to the district town of Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm (distance: approx. 22.2 km).
There are no state roads running through the municipality. The district road DAH 9 connects from west to east Markt Indersdorf with Vierkirchen and leaves the district near Giebing. The district road DAH 11 connects the district of Pasenbach with Weichs.
There is no direct motorway connection. The municipality of Vierkirchen is via the exits 67 (Allershausen) of the A 9 in the east (distance: approx. 16.7 km), 3 (Unterschleißheim) of the A 92 in the south (distance: approx. 15.4 km), 78 (Dachau / Fürstenfeldbruck) of the A 8 in the west (distance: approx. 22.0 km), as well as 10 (Munich-Ludwigsfeld) of the A 99 in the south (distance: approx. 20.3 km).
The mean distance to the district town of Dachau is approx. 14.7 km.
Business and Commerce
The headquarters of the shoe manufacturer Hanwag is in the district of Pasenbach .
Andritz KMPT GmbH , a manufacturer of centrifuges for solid-liquid separation for applications in the chemical, pharmaceutical and food industries, which belongs to Andritz AG , has been based in Vierkirchen since 2006 . The company broke away from the then parent company Krauss-Maffei in 2001 .
Numerous companies from the house and construction trade, trade, services and industry are based in Vierkirchen, the vast majority of which are organized in trade associations.
education
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The following institutions existed in 2018:
- Kindergartens: 150 kindergarten places with 150 children in 3 facilities (Catholic parish kindergarten St. Jakobus, BRK Kindergarten "Villa Kunterbunt" and Kindergarten Vierkirchen 2)
- Primary school Vierkirchen with 10 full-time teachers and 70 students (2018/2019).
- Community library in the Vierkirchen town hall
- Volkshochschule Vierkirchen
Fire brigade and fire protection
For the protection of the citizens, the municipality of Vierkirchen maintains three volunteer fire brigades in the parts of the municipality Vierkirchen, Pasenbach and Giebing , which provide fire protection and general assistance. The approximately one hundred firefighters service provider of local fire departments are fulfilling their tasks of local emergency unit seven fire trucks and equipment and personnel transport vehicles available. Furthermore, the BRK district association Dachau operates a HvO unit staffed by volunteers at the Vierkirchen location .
Honorary citizen
- 1917: Johann Spötzl, pastor in Vierkirchen from 1914–1932
- 1951: Andreas Brädl, pastor and treasurer from 1932–1952
- 1958: Hanns Ziegler, farmer and former mayor
- 1979: Wolfgang Lanzinger, pastor from 1954–1990
- 1991: Hans Bestle, blacksmith and former mayor
- 1996: Josef Wagner (1921–2018), company founder of Hanwag
- 2009: Canisius Großmann-Neuhäusler (1929–2010), former mayor
- 2014: Hermann Aigner (* 1934), long-term councilor
- 2015: Heinz Eichinger (* 1950), former mayor
- 2018: Hans Nefzger, longtime local councilor and board member
Picture gallery
Town center with war memorial (in the background St. Jakobus and town hall)
S-Bahn stop Vierkirchen-Esterhofen (S2 stop)
Josef-Wallner-Halle (triple sports hall of SV Vierkirchen) (built in 2009)
Vierkirchen natural pool
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Web links
- Entry on the coat of arms of Vierkirchen (Upper Bavaria) in the database of the House of Bavarian History
- Churches and chapels in the municipality of Vierkirchen. Hans Schertl, accessed on June 13, 2019 .
- Vierkirchen (Upper Bavaria): Official statistics of the LfStat
Individual evidence
- ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ^ Parish Vierkirchen in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bavarian State Library, accessed on September 10, 2019.
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 444 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 571 .
- ↑ https://www.statistik.bayern.de/mam/produkte/veroffnahmungen/statistische_berichte/a1210c_201800.pdf
- ↑ http://www.statistik.bayern.de/statistikkommunal/09174150.pdf
- ↑ http://www.wahlen.bayern.de/kw2014/gderaete-ob-174.htm
- ↑ Robert Szeidl: Vierkirchen Aktuell April / May 2019. Retrieved on October 13, 2019 .
- ↑ Trade Association Vierkirchen eV (GVV)
- ^ Primary school Vierkirchen in the school database of the Bavarian State Ministry for Education and Culture , accessed on October 13, 2019.
- ↑ Community library
- ↑ Honorary Citizen | Vierkirchen community. Retrieved October 13, 2019 .
- ^ Obituary notice Canisius Großmann-Neuhäusler | trauer.merkur.de. Retrieved on April 3, 2019 (German).
- ↑ Vierkirchen's new honorary citizen . In: https://www.merkur.de . November 9, 2018 ( merkur.de [accessed December 2, 2018]).
