Vorderburg (Neckarsteinach)

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Vorderburg in Neckarsteinach
Neckarsteinach Vorderburg.jpg
Alternative name (s): Landschadenburg
Creation time : around 1200
Castle type : Hilltop castle
Conservation status: Received or received substantial parts
Standing position : Free nobles, ministerials
Place: Neckarsteinach
Geographical location 49 ° 24 '32.8 "  N , 8 ° 50' 7.1"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 24 '32.8 "  N , 8 ° 50' 7.1"  E
Height: 155  m above sea level NN
Vorderburg (Hesse)
Vorderburg

The Vorderburg , also called Landschadenburg , is a medieval hilltop castle at 155  m above sea level. NN near Neckarsteinach in the Bergstrasse district in Hesse . It is the third oldest of the four castles Vorderburg, Mittelburg , Hinterburg and Schwalbennest .

history

Around 1200 the castle was built by Ulrich I von Steinach, son of the minstrel Bligger II von Steinach . Half of the castle was a fiefdom of the diocese of Speyer and half of the diocese of Worms . After the older line of the lords of Steinach with Bligger V. died out in 1268, the castle came to the younger line of the Landschad von Steinach . In 1393 the Speyer share (stone house with half a tower) was borrowed from Henne Triegel von Daudenzell and his son Hans. In 1427 a truce was concluded between the Landschad part and the Triegelschen part, but Eberhard von Angelach soon appeared in the Speyr part as Speyr bailiff and fiefdom holder and soon afterwards Weiprecht III. von Helmstatt , who also owned shares in the Hinterburg and the Mittelburg . In 1474, the Landschad reappear as the owner of the entire Vorderburg, which was mainly used as the seat of the Hanseatic line founded by Hans IV († 1571) and after the death of his grandson Dieter VIII. In 1625 it came to Friedrich Landschad von Steinach, with whom in 1653 the Noble family died out.

After the Landschad died out, the Worms and Speyer monasteries withdrew the previous fiefdoms (Hinterburg, Vorderburg and half of the Mittelburg), made them subject to self-administration for a short time and transferred them to Wolf-Heinrich von Metternich zu Burscheid as a fiefdom in 1657. In the same year he acquired the former Landschad allodial property from Dieter VIII. Landschad's daughter Eva Elisabeth and also the remaining half of the central castle from the barons of Venningen , so that from the late middle of the 17th century the four castles were again in one Hand was united. After the Metternich line died out in 1753, the earlier fiefs and even the earlier allodial possessions were withdrawn from the Speyer and Worms monasteries. In 1803 the entire property came to the State of Hesse as part of the mediatization process , which gave the Vorderburg to a Dr. Plantain sold. After the heir of the allodial property, Baron von Dorth, had obtained the ruins of the rear castle by a settlement with the state of Hesse and the ruins of the rear castle, he also acquired the front castle from Dr. Plantain. In 1910 the Lords of Dorth renounced the ruins of the Hinterburg, which then fell back to the Hessian state. When the last Baron von Dorth, Ludwig, died in 1925, the Mittel- and Vorderburg passed to the son of his adopted son Alexander, Boemund Freiherr von Warsberg -Dorth, whose descendants still own the castles to this day.

investment

The dungeon and the three-story palace have been preserved still largely original. From the middle of the 14th century, the small castle enclosed an outer curtain wall , albeit with little thickness. This was connected to the fortifications of the city of Neckarsteinach in the late 14th century. The entrance to the castle courtyard in the form of a pointed arched gate is located in the ring wall that is now only in ruins and bears the coat of arms of the Landschaden. The castle was well preserved until after the Thirty Years War and only fell into disrepair afterwards. The northern farm buildings were not added until 1815. The castle has been habitable since 1825 and is surrounded by a park. The castle is rented and is the seat of the Warsberg Forest Administration.

literature

  • Walter Möller u. Karl Krauss: Neckarsteinach, his lords, the city and the castles (= Starkenburg in his past. Vol. 4, ZDB -ID 1490054-3 ). O. Schneider, Mainz 1928.
  • Rolf Müller (Ed.): Palaces, castles, old walls. Published by the Hessendienst der Staatskanzlei, Wiesbaden 1990, ISBN 3-89214-017-0 , p. 263f.
  • Thomas Steinmetz: Castles in the Odenwald. Ellen Schmid, Brensbach 1998, ISBN 3-931529-02-9 , pp. 85-88.

Web links

Commons : Vorderburg  - collection of pictures