Heddersdorf'scher Adelshof

Heddersdorf'scher Adelshof
2011: Inner courtyard and main building of the Heddersdorf'schen Adelshof in Groß-Umstadt; Cut to the right is the barn building, to the left is the high farm garden.
Alternative name (s):	Alter Wambolts Hof, Hettersdorfscher Hof, Het (d) ersdorfscher Hof,
Creation time :	Castle seat since the 13th century, manor house around 1570
Castle type :	City castle, later city aristocratic seat
Conservation status:	(no remains of a castle) preserved
Standing position :	Noble
Construction:	Sandstone building with a half-timbered structure
Place:	Groß-Umstadt
Geographical location	49 ° 52 '8.1 "  N , 8 ° 55' 40.6"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 52 '8.1 "  N , 8 ° 55' 40.6"  E
Height:	160  m above sea level NN

The Heddersdorf'sche Adelshof is a former Adelshof in the west of the old town of Groß-Umstadt in the Darmstadt-Dieburg district in Hesse . The courtyard is the smallest of the seven former aristocratic residences in Umstadt. It emerged from a small late medieval castle seat of the 13th century. The core of the remaining parts of the complex, the manor house , dates from the late 16th century, the early modern period .

location

Size and location of the Adelshof opposite the Rodenstein Castle

With the entrance from Rodensteiner Strasse on a large arched portal that was once in front of it, but no longer exists today , the area of ​​the Heddersdorf'schen Adelshof lies within the former city ​​wall of Umstadt, but not leaned against it, as is the case with the Palatinate Palace , which is only 150 meters further south-west was the case. The main building of the Rodenstein Castle is located north of the entrance to the Adelshof on the other side of the street . The building was formerly adjacent to the Curti Castle to the west . Today there are parts of the building of the Max-Planck - Gymnasium of the city. To the south-west, just a few steps across Curtigasse , is Wambolt's Castle within calling distance .

history

The court was the first castle seat of the Wambolt von Umstadt and was called the Alter Wambolts Hof . It was the first allod in the city in which it in the 13th century settled were. Only in an inheritance dispute between the Umstädter and Weinheimer lines of the Wambolt von Umstadt was the property lost. In 1558 the last male descendant of the Umstädter line, Hans von Wambolt, died. Regina Wambolt von Umstadt, married to Friedrich von Ratzeburg , received the allodial property as an inheritance from her heir cousin Wolf Wambolt von Umstadt, who lives in Weinheim , in a settlement. Since she survived her husband, she bequeathed the property to her sister Anna Wambolt von Umstadt in her will of September 1, 1568, who in turn was married to Ulrich von Hedersdorf.

The change in ownership between the Heddersdorf and Wambolt families is an interesting detail, as happened in reverse at Wambolt's castle. From 1570 the Adelshof became the inheritance of the Umstädter line of those of Heddersdorf. Originally, the von Heddersdorf vassals of the Archbishopric Mainz , but also spread next to the canton Rheinstrom in the cantons Rhön-Werra and Odenwald . Members of the family can be found in the cathedral chapters of Mainz , Fulda and Würzburg . Like many Catholic families from the Rhine-Main area , they only turned to Franconia after the Reformation . First of all, their nearby properties in the area around Aschaffenburg should be mentioned. Ulrich von Hedersdorf himself comes from Gut Wendelstein near Laufach . In the chronicle he is described as "a worthy offspring of his ancestors, with a hot temper and stubborn adherence to unattainable claims" . So he seemed to have gone into great debt. Died before 1577, the inheritance went to his son Hans, who died in 1622. He had two sons, Adam and Hans Ulrich, and a daughter. Only son Hans Ulrich had offspring, but all of them died before him, so that with his death in 1658 the Umstadt Heddersdorfer line died out. He is actually his cousin Johann Schweickard von Heddersdorf. Since the aristocratic seat was probably only a fiefdom of Kurmainz since the Heddersdorfer , he asked for a fiefdom succession. Due to the indebtedness of the property, this was rejected and, in addition to the Heddersdorf'schen Adelshof, the Wendelstein estate was also used to settle the debt.

The farm came, probably in the sale as a debt settlement, in changing, mostly in private ownership. For the year 1686 the cellar is Tobias Chelius and from 1725 his grandson, the Hochfürstlich Hessen-Darmstädter Cammerschreiber and later provincial commissioner Georg Heinrich Wendel Musculus. He no longer lived in the property himself and appointed administrators. On January 2, 1742, the Musculus family auctioned the noble house, which was acquired by the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt . This had the second Lutheran rectory built there. In the Umstadt building directory from 1802, the value of the entire property is given as 9,960 guilders . In 1849 the successor state of the Landgraviate, the Grand Duchy of Hesse , had the property re-privatized. The property then passed into bourgeois hands. First it went to the Hillerich family and in 1939 it was inherited by Johannes Ritzert, through whose daughter the farm is still privately owned today.

A designation as Hof der von Haxthausen is based on a mix-up.

description

Today's view of the manor house and courtyard, as it is currently offered from the main gate, was not possible in the past, as the property of around 1200 m² is located behind a large, closed gate with a surrounding wall around three meters high (probably the former castle wall ) hid. The mansion to the south looks out onto an inner courtyard with a large barn on the left to the west and a raised garden on the right to the east. Old undated sandstone friezes are walled up in the archway of the barn.

It is not known whether the buildings to the south and west of the mansion used to belong to the property.

The mansion is a wide, rectangular, two-story building, consisting of a massive ground floor with corner blocks and a cantilevered upper floor and a steep roof. The half-timbered upper floor, which has partially carved beams, is now hidden under plaster. The Franconian hallway (Franconian Ern ) with an oak wood ceiling on the ground floor and stucco ceilings with geometric figures on the upper floor is remarkable . Bulb-pane windows , Renaissance door frames and hewn sandstone window frames on the ground floor as well as wall cupboards inside the building point to the formerly representative purpose of the house, while the exterior shows little of its old splendor. The arched entrance portal and numerous stonemason marks on the sandstone walls mean that the manor house was built around 1570 when it was taken over by the von Hedersdorf family.

Todays use

The former Adelshof is now privately owned and rented for residential purposes, it is not open to the public. At the entrance there is an information board for the city tour with essential information on construction and history.

The property is designated as a cultural monument .

literature

• Georg Brenner: Georg Brenner - a resident and his city. Essays on history. Autmundisstat series of publications. Special tape. Ed .: Museum and History Association Groß-Umstadt , 2009, 1st edition, p. 15 f.
• Georg Brenner, Günter Schüttler: The city with history. From alley to alley through the historic Groß-Umstadt . Ed .: Magistrat der Stadt Groß-Umstadt, 2nd edition 2010 (1981), p. 11 f.
• Rolf Müller (Ed.): Palaces, castles, old walls. Published by the Hessendienst der Staatskanzlei, Wiesbaden 1990, ISBN 3-89214-017-0 , p. 154.
• Peter Schröck-Schmidt: Umstadt castles and noble residences: small, fine and little known. The Heddersdorfsche Adelshof. In: 1250 years Groß-Umstadt 743–1993 Ed .: Magistrat der Stadt, Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Neckar, pp. 198–200.
• Peter and Marion Sattler: Castles and Palaces in the Odenwald , Verlag Edition Diesbach, Weinheim 2004, p. 37

Web links

Illustration of the floor plan of the manor house (with the wrong name due to old documentary misinterpretation)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ This is the documented name. Over the centuries the von Heddersdorf were mentioned in different spellings: as Hedersdorf, Heddersdorf, Hedersdorff, Hettersdorf etc. The noble family was widely ramified in the area to the left and right of the Main . In Umstadt, the Hed (d) ersdorf was first documented in 1036 with ownership on the site of today's Wambolt Castle
2. ↑ Georg Füßler: The Heddersdorfer Adelshof and its owners. In: Odenwälder Bote (# 71), Groß-Umstadt 1970
3. ↑ Georg Füßler: The Heddersdorfer Adelshof and its owners. In: Odenwälder Bote (# 75), Groß-Umstadt 1970
4. ↑ cf. for example in the floor plan (see web link); after Max Herchenröder : The art monuments in Hessen. District of Dieburg, Darmstadt 1940, p. 135