Schlierbach Castle

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Schlierbach Castle
One of three possible locations of the lost castle

One of three possible locations of the lost castle

Alternative name (s): Langstadt Castle
Creation time : unknown, only documented from 1393–1506
Castle type : Kemenate or residential tower with castle fortifications
Conservation status: departed, abandoned
Standing position : Niederadelsburg
Construction: unknown
Place: Langstadt
Geographical location 49 ° 55 '22.1 "  N , 8 ° 58' 4.4"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 55 '22.1 "  N , 8 ° 58' 4.4"  E
Height: 169  m above sea level NN
Schlierbach Castle (Hesse)
Schlierbach Castle

The castle Schlierbach also long townspeople Burg called, is a Outbound Kleinburg, probably just a bower , a residential tower , castle similar umwehrt, or a simple tower castle on the road connecting Long City (part of Babenhausen ) and Schlierbach (part of Schaafheim ), now in the district of Darmstadt -Dieburg lying in Hesse .

location

The castle was located about one kilometer southeast of Langstadt on the dividing line between the districts of Langstadt and Schlierbach and was probably used to control the access route to both villages and the access to the so-called Hohe Straße . There is the peculiarity that a so-called "Hohe Straße" coming from the direction of Frankfurt leads southwards over the district of Klein-Umstadt on the ridge east of Groß-Umstadt and past the Wamboltschen Schlösschen in the direction of Breuberg Castle in the Odenwald and in the Area of ​​the so-called street mill , which is in the immediate vicinity of the presumed location of the castle, crosses with another "Hohe Straße", a Roman road that led from the central Roman town of Dieburg to the Stockstadt fort on the Main Limes . A Roman Leugenstein was also found in the immediate vicinity of this west-east running "High Street" .

The exact location of the castle is no longer known today, only the assignment of the connecting path called the castle path and written evidence of its existence. In connection with old field names such as "an dem Weinberg" and "Wingertsberg" and the listed documents, a spatial limitation can be specified. This is probably to be found near today's LSG Wingertsberg . Unfortunately, the historical sources are not consistent on this. In the history section for the 125th anniversary of the building of the Evangelical Church in Langstadt, three different versions of the situation are shown.

In addition, the possibility must be taken into account that the ancient Roman horse changing station with a fountain, which was located on the site of today's street mill, was mistaken for a castle stables in the Middle Ages . Because after the construction of the third Schlierbacher mill, all written mentions that refer to Schlierbach Castle cease.

The forest to the east of the street mill, run as a former medieval quarry, shows great similarities with ramparts and ditches as well as tower remains and was formerly surrounded by narrow streams and ditches on all sides.

history

The beginnings of the castle are in the dark, nothing is known about the ownership structure. Conclusions can only be drawn from documentary evidence relating to fiefs and taxes around the castle.

It is believed that the castle is related to Schlierbach, which was first mentioned in 770 in a donation to Lorsch Abbey. A mix-up with Schlierbach , a district of Lindenfels, and the predecessor castle of Lindenfels Castle cannot be completely ruled out.

Whether a nobleman named Heinricius de Langenstad (other sources Henricus des Langestad ), who is mentioned as a witness in a Frankfurt donation, can be connected with the castle , is e.g. Currently not to be verified.

In 1393 Winther von Wasen confessed that he had inherited the property of the deceased knight Johann von Düdelsheim from Ulrich V. von Hanau as a man fief "located near Schlierbach Castle". In 1417 he and his son Henne von Wasen were enfeoffed with half and Ewald von Düdelsheim with the other half by Reinhard II von Hanau . Namely with the same property, all interest "for Schlierbach Castle", the wine tenth of Langstadt "for Schlierbach Castle" and other taxes. In 1452, Ewald von Düdelsheim acknowledged half of the stated goods to Philip I of Hanau (the elder) in a document, each around the "Schlierbach Castle". In 1506 his successor Jacob von Düdelsheim confessed to Philip III again. to the received fief. According to the certificate, Heinrich von Wasen was entitled to the other half of the man's fief .

The Hessian State Archives contain fiefdoms from Düdelsheim , which contain Schlierbach Castle nine times between 1452 and 1539.

Later there are no more written evidence of the castle. It can be assumed that the castle was only a ruin at this time and was only used to mark the place in the documents.

Building history

The castle was probably just a fortified residential tower with ramparts, as they had been created in many clearings by vassals of the nobility to control the areas at the beginning of the settlement of the Odenwald and the Spessart .

Present stock

In 1872, sandstone walls were exposed during earthworks in the area north of the Burgweg . To date, no further well-founded archaeological investigations into the exact location and size of the castle have been undertaken. There are also no other written documents about the castle other than those listed here.

Panorama behind the street mill between Langstadt and Schlierbach with two possible locations of Schlierbach Castle: in the picture on the left the landscape protection area "Wingertsberg von Langstadt" on the hill north of the street mill with stone and wall remains below the hilltop, in the picture on the right of the middle the group of trees in The shape of a moth , which is surrounded by a silted-up moat, has an almost complete wall and lies east of the street mill.
Possible rampart of the presumed castle in the tree-lined hill east of the street mill. On the left in the picture the wall towards the north, on the right towards the east, coming from there the hill is surrounded by a branched off foothill of the Schlierbach from east to west
View along the Schlierbach valley towards Langstadt: on the left the street mill with the organic fruit growing, in the middle the LSG and on the right the raised group of trees, both possible places of the former castle

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 125 years of Langstadt Church Evangelical Church Council Langstadt, Langstadt 2005, p. 11 right. below (PDF file; 7.08 MB), accessed on February 4, 2016
  2. ↑ Linked is the opinion preferred today that the lost castle on the former Wingert and today's LSG is to be found near the sandstone walls found, the corresponding geo-coordinates of the LAGIS web link are used.
  3. ↑ Codex Laureshamensis : No. 3457 (Regest 500) Lendtrici in villa Slierbach from: Karl Glöckner, Historical Commission for the People's State of Hesse (both ed.): Codex Laureshamensis (Volume 3): Kopialbuch, Part 2: The remaining Franconian and the Swabian Gaue, goods lists, late donations and interest lists , general register, Darmstadt 1936
  4. ^ Document book of the Arnsburg monastery in the Wetterau . Edited & edited by Ludwig Baur. Darmstadt 1851. and Ed. Johann Friedrich Böhmer : Codex diplomaticus Moenofrancofurtanus. Document book of the Imperial City of Frankfurt , Frankfurt am Main, pp. 40 and 43
  5. ↑ Active loan (feudal and nobility letters) from Hessen-Darmstadt and other legal predecessors of the Grand Dukes of Hessen (here Hanau-Lichtenberg ); see. Archive numbers in the HStAD: Holdings A 5 : call numbers (no.) 61/5 , 61/6 , 61/9 , 61/11 , 61/13 , 61/14 61-15 61-16 , 61/18