Langstadt

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Langstadt
City of Babenhausen
Former municipal coat of arms
Coordinates: 49 ° 55 ′ 30 ″  N , 8 ° 57 ′ 3 ″  E
Height : 140 m above sea level NHN
Area : 7.76 km²
Residents : 1607  (June 30, 2018)
Population density : 207 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1971
Postal code : 64832
Area code : 06073
map
Location of the Babenhausen districts

Langstadt (in the local dialect: Lengschd ; also: Longschd ) is a district of Babenhausen in the Darmstadt-Dieburg district in the Starkenburg region in southern Hesse .

geography

location

The place is at 140  m above sea level. NHN , at the first foothills of the northern Odenwald . The surrounding area is largely used for arable farming, u. a. is asparagus grown. The highest point is in the northeast of the district behind the " Wingertsberg " at 184 m above sea level. The Schlierbach flows through the village from the southeast, forms the Haaggraben here and unites in the northwest of Langstadt with the Länderbach, which cuts the local area from the south. From the Schlierbach, starting from the street mill on the border with the town of Schlierbach, a mill ditch that is difficult to see today branched off to the mill in the northeast of Langstadt.

Neighboring places

Langstadt borders the Babenhausen district of Harpertshausen in the north-west, the core town of Babenhausen in the north and Schaafheim in the east . In the southeast it borders on the district Schlierbach (municipality of Schaafheim) and in the south on the district of Kleestadt (city of Groß-Umstadt ).

history

prehistory

A first colonization of space already in the Old Stone Age have archaeological finds in towards Gross-Umstadt. Objects from the Neolithic Age were also found in the area where the town is today. The Römerstraße as a direct connection between Dieburg, the capital of Civitas, and the Stockstadt Fort , known as Hohe Straße in the south of the Langstadt district, suggests that the site was used around 230 AD.

middle Ages

Places with the typical ending on "-statt" were often founded by the Franks in the 6th or 7th century. In 1223 a nobleman named Heinricius de Langenstad was named. A Langstadt castle (fortified house) is documented around 1400. Langstadt was first mentioned in 1267, when the Amorbach monastery sold its goods to the Aschaffenburg monastery.

The village originally belonged to the centering Umstadt and the monastery of Fulda , was along with other surrounding villages in 1374 to the rule Hanau pledged and belonged after the Palatinate had gone into this mortgage business, from 1427 to Kondominat Umstadt . When the Hanau rulership largely lost its rights in the Umstadt condominium as a result of the Palatinate War of Succession in 1504, Langstadt was able to hold it and in 1521 it was added to the Babenhausen office .

Until 1482 Langstadt belonged to the parish of Altdorf and the Langstadt residents attended church services there. In 1482 a separate chapel was consecrated to Saints Anthony, Vitus and Barbara in the village . The church patronage for the clergy of this chapel was exercised alternately by the Count of Hanau and the pastor of Altdorf. The Hanau right was temporarily granted to von Groschlag von Dieburg . The central church authority was the Archdeaconate of St. Peter and Alexander in Aschaffenburg, Landkapitel Montat . With the Reformation the village became Lutheran .

Modern times

The tithe cake in the Umstadt district in the 15th and 16th centuries with their various later affiliations

In a comparison between the Landgraviate of Hesse , the Electoral Palatinate and the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg in 1521, Hanau dropped out of the condominium and received Langstadt, Harpertshausen, Kleestadt and Schlierbach exclusively. It incorporated these villages into its office of Babenhausen .

After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , 1736, landgrave Friedrich I of Hessen-Kassel inherited the county of Hanau-Münzenberg on the basis of an inheritance contract from 1643 . Due to the intestinal succession , the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg fell to the son of Johann Reinhard III's only daughter, Landgrave Ludwig IX. from Hessen-Darmstadt . Disputed between the two heirs was the affiliation of the Babenhausen office and its villages to Hanau-Münzenberg or Hanau-Lichtenberg. There was almost a military conflict when Hessen-Kassel occupied most of the Babenhausen office, including Langstadt, with the military already carefully stationed in Hanau . The dispute could only be ended with a settlement in 1771 after a long-standing legal dispute before the highest imperial courts , the so-called participation recess . Langstadt was awarded in Hessen-Kassel. In 1807, as a result of the Napoleonic Wars , the Babenhausen office came under French administration. By a state treaty with France in 1810, however, to the Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt and then belonged to the following administrative units: until 1821: Amt Babenhausen ; 1821 to 1832: District District Dieburg in the Starkenburg Province of the Grand Duchy of Hesse; 1832 to 1848: Dieburg district with the introduction of districts in the Grand Duchy of Hesse; 1848 to 1852: Dieburg administrative district during the division of Starkenburg province into administrative districts; 1852 to 1938: Dieburg district with the abolition of the administrative districts until the end of the Starkenburg province; 1938 to 1977: Dieburg district ; from 1977: District of Darmstadt-Dieburg, in which the district of Dieburg is dissolved in the course of the regional reform in Hesse.

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Langstadt in 1829:

»Langstadt (L. Bez. Dieburg) Lutheran parish village; is 2 pieces of Dieburg and 1 3 / 4   St. of Umstadt, has 88 houses and 529 inh., up to 3 Kath. Jews and 25 are Lutheran. The church is from the 14th century. There was a castle near Langstadt. - This place, whose name probably originated from Lango, was founded in 1521 by Count Philip III. from Hanau incorporated into his rule Babenhausen. After the exit of the Hanau-Lichtenberg line in 1736, both Hesse-Darmstadt and Hesse-Cassel took advantage of this office, which was, however, divided by the comparisons of 1762 and 1771, and the division at which this place was assigned to Hesse Cassel. In 1807 France seized the Hessen-Casselschen share in the Babenhausen office and incorporated it into the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt, which was newly built in 1810. In the same year this governorate left the place to Hessen-Darmstadt. The gentlemen von Groschlag had a district court in Langstadt. "

As part of the regional reform in Hesse , Langstadt was incorporated into Babenhausen on December 31, 1971 on a voluntary basis and has been a district of Babenhausen ever since. For Langstadt, as for the core town of Babenhausen and the other parts of the city, a local district with a local advisory board and local councilor was established.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Langstadt was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Population development

• 1829: 529 inhabitants, 88 houses
• 1867: 539 inhabitants, 97 houses
Langstadt: Population from 1829 to 2018
year     Residents
1829
  
 529
1834
  
 514
1840
  
 545
1846
  
 563
1852
  
 536
1858
  
 521
1864
  
 551
1871
  
 550
1875
  
 554
1885
  
 469
1895
  
 638
1905
  
 657
1910
  
 631
1925
  
 648
1939
  
 650
1946
  
 978
1950
  
 1,059
1956
  
 1,037
1961
  
 1,189
1967
  
 1,528
1970
  
 1,636
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2000
  
 ?
2011
  
 1,503
2014
  
 1,474
2018
  
 1,607
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; Website Babenhausen: 2014 -2018; 2011 census

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 501 Lutheran (= 94.71%), 25 Jewish (= 4.73%) and 3 Catholic (= 0.57%) residents
• 1961: 886 Protestant (= 74.52%), 293 Catholic (= 24.64%) residents

Historical forms of names

In the historical documents, the place is documented under changing place names over the centuries : the name Langestad was used in 1223 , 44 years later (1267) the form Langenstad appears . Langestad was used around 1346 , but already 13 years later (1359) Langestat . Then around 1414 a Langstad , followed 30 years later by a Langestadt (1444). A Langstait is mentioned around 1450 .

politics

Local advisory board

For Langstadt there is a local district (areas of the former municipality of Langstadt) with a local advisory board and local councilor according to the Hessian municipal code . The local advisory board consists of seven members. Since the local elections in 2016, he has had one member of the SPD , four members of the CDU and one member of Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen . The mayor is Günther Eckert (CDU).

coat of arms

On June 15, 1967, the municipality of Langstadt in what was then the district of Dieburg was given a coat of arms with the following blazon : In a split shield split at the top, in the first field a soaring black lion in silver with a red border, in the second field three red rafters in gold and in the third Field, the lower half of the coat of arms, a stylized silver cauldron in blue.

Old Langstadt coat of arms

Historically, the coat of arms is explained as follows. One of the patron saints of the first chapel, St. Vitus , a martyr, was immersed in a cauldron of boiling oil. This cauldron was also on the old court seal of Langstadt (Landsiedelgericht). In the Hessian Wappenbuch from 1956 you can find a three-legged, yellow cauldron with two handles on the coat of arms. The district sign, which is carved on the Langstadt side of the boundary stones, shows an open figure eight. This eight could represent the cauldron and the two rays on the right and left could mean the fire against which St. Veith offers protection. The district mark was adopted in the coat of arms. The three red rafters on the yellow field in the upper right quarter come from the coat of arms of the County of Hanau . The family coat of arms of the Lichtenberg rule , an upright striding black lion on a silver background with a red frame, occupies the left quarter.

Culture and sights

societies

  • The gymnastics and sports club Langstadt 1909 e. V. offers the departments football, gymnastics and carnival as well as a table tennis department. The table tennis department achieved the greatest success in the club's history in the 2017/2018 season. The 1st women's team made it to the 1st Bundesliga and is the top-class women's team in Hesse.
  • The local group of the NaBu has existed in Langstadt since 1958 and oversees many projects in the region, including the Wingertsberg nature reserve .
  • The choral society Liederkranz e. V. Langstadt was founded in 1869 as a male choir and in 2008 has a male choir with 40 singers and a children's choir with 30 members.
  • In 2006, the evangelical women's aid celebrated its 80th anniversary.
  • The Langstadt volunteer fire brigade organizes project weeks for the pupils together with the Markwald School. In 2008 the 75th anniversary of the volunteer fire brigade was celebrated.
  • Club SC Kentucky has been enriching the local community with its activities since 1988.
  • Since 1995 the Veloclub-Langstadt has also offered the possibility of leisure activities in the region.
  • The "Langstadt-aktuell.de" initiative provides current local information and dates as well as details on Langstadt's history.
  • The Diana shooting club , the fishing club , a church choir and the Protestant trombone choir are also active in Langstadt .

Regular events

Ortsnecknames

In the context of “ joking relationships ”, so-called Ortnecknames are assigned to places and districts . The people of Langstadt have the rather unusual name here: Doudeplätscher or in High German Totenschläger (not killers). The name refers to an event long ago, when Langstadt did not have its own cemetery and the dead were brought to Altdorf (the so-called “Leichtweg” existed until the land consolidation). One of these transports involved someone who had died in poverty, so the transport of the body was not paid for. In addition, the car swayed so badly on the bad road that the coffin fell and jumped open. Now the bad-tempered carters from Langstadt had to reload the corpse and lock the coffin. This was done in a makeshift manner by hammering in the nails with stones found along the way. This incident was observed from a distance by the residents of other villages and, knowing the deceased and the situation, was misunderstood as repayment of all the work on the corpse.

In echoes of the Ortsneck name, the company "Schmitt & Deußer GmbH" in Kleestädter Str. 3, which existed until 2014 and is based in Langstadt, should be pointed out. The local name “Sargfabrik” aptly described the function of this large joinery and the type of its products.

Buildings

The neo-Gothic church in Langstadt: View of the entrance portal
  • The village was fortified as a fortified village during the Thirty Years War . A circular floor plan with appropriately closing buildings was used. In addition, there was a moat (the Haaggraben) and a wall around the village. The buildings (barn backs) were provided with as few openings as possible or only with slot-shaped windows facing the ditch.
  • Neo-Gothic Evangelical Church , built 1878–1880.
  • The synagogue at Friedhofstrasse 1 + 2 was built in 1820 and destroyed on November 9, 1938 during the November pogroms . In 1964 the remaining remains were torn down. There is a small plaque.
  • As part of the village renewal program , the village green (the main street) and many old half-timbered houses were restored.
  • Around the year 1400 there was a Schlierbach castle between Schlierbach and Langstadt, but the location is now in the Langstadt district.

Natural areas

The Wingertsberg landscape protection area was designated on July 7, 1987 and has a size of 20.58 hectares. The purpose of the protection status is the preservation and promotion of traditional orchards and the stern passed Raine because of their particular significance for the landscape and for the habitat and species protection . Extensively used orchards are home to numerous animal and plant species and thus belong to the most diverse Central European cultural landscapes .

The field names "Der Wingertsberg " and "Vor den Weinbergen" indicate that viticulture used to be practiced here . Until 1890 the Wingertsberg was still planted with vines . But the phylloxera that was introduced to Europe around 1850 also reached the Wingertsberg and caused great damage. The small wine-growing area was finally given up in 1907 and the planting of fruit trees began. As everywhere in Germany, interest in orchard growing waned more and more towards the end of the 1940s. Many trees were cleared, and only a certain, if gappy, population remained on the Wingertsberg. In 1951, 4,339 fruit trees were found in the Langstadt district . In 1965 there were only 2,007 and when mapping in 1983/84 only 771 fruit trees could be found in the field markings. However, this already includes the first new plantings by NABU Langstadt and the Hessian Society for Ornithology and Nature Conservation . In the meantime, a significant number of new trees have been planted; mainly apple varieties, especially old and proven varieties , but also pear , cherry , plum , walnut , service tree , medlar and mulberry .

Of the remarkable species that are native to the Wingert , the beetle beetles include the golden beetle , the rhinoceros beetle and the bull beetle . Large fox , golden eight , small mother-of-pearl and swallowtail are representatives of the butterflies there. Square ants and peg-headed ants as well as the wooden bees , the field crickets , the wine chickens and the wallpaper spider find shelter there. Mountain and pond newt and fire salamander , as well as the blindworm and sand lizard, roam the undergrowth there. The resident birds include the common redstart , red-backed killer , gray , green and small woodpecker , as well as wryneck , little owl and partridge .

As is common in the area, the subsoil of the Wingert consists of red granite and hornblende slate . There is only a very small quarry in the district , an outcrop in the Hornblende slate in the Wingert.

and display information about the image
Panorama behind the street mill between Langstadt and Schlierbach : in the picture on the left the landscape area "Wingertsberg von Langstadt" on the hilltop north of the street mill, and one of the presumed places of the former castle Schlierbach , in the picture right in the middle the group of trees, which is surrounded by silted up moat and east of the street mill and is also a presumed location of the castle.

The Markwald borders the primary school, sports field and multi-purpose hall directly in the southeast .

Economy and Infrastructure

Transport links

Langstadt was connected to the railway in 1870 with the construction of the Odenwaldbahn . Today the line RE / RB 64 of the Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund connects Langstadt with Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof , via Offenbach (Main) Hauptbahnhof and Hanau Hauptbahnhof , with Groß-Umstadt ( Wiebelsbach ) and on to Erbach im Odenwald .

The regional bus service with the K65 line runs from Babenhausen and Hergershausen via Langstadt to Schaafheim .

On the main cycle route 14, Langstadt is crossed on the way from Harpertshausen to Schaafheim in an east-west direction. Babenhausen, Kleestadt and Harpertshausen can be reached via well-developed cycle paths parallel to the country road, in Harpertshausen there is a connection to the Hessen cycle path R4. Schaafheim is connected via a partially not fully developed forest path.

The federal highway 26 is easily accessible via Harpertshausen and Babenhausen.

Public facilities

  • Markwald School , elementary school 1. – 4. class
  • Catholic Church of St. Nepomuk (architecture of the 1960s, consecrated on December 3, 1967)

Personalities

literature

  • Barbara Demandt: The medieval church organization in Hesse south of the Main = Writings of the Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies 29 (1966), p. 141.
  • Max Herchenröder : The art monuments of the district of Dieburg . 1940, pp. 187f.
  • Wilhelm Müller: Hessian place name book . Volume 1: Starkenburg. 1937, pp. 418f.
  • Hans Georg Ruppel (edit.): Historical place directory for the area of ​​the former Grand Duchy and People's State of Hesse with evidence of district and court affiliation from 1820 until the changes in the course of the municipal regional reform = Darmstädter Archivschriften 2. 1976, p. 134.
  • Dagmar Söder: Cultural monuments in Hessen. Offenbach district = monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. 1987, p. 99ff.
  • Literature about Langstadt in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Wikisource: (Currently the source of the text is not sufficiently documented, so the text can only be read there in the user namespace.)  - Sources and full texts
Commons : Langstadt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Langstadt, municipality of Babenhausen. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 16, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ a b Facts and Figures. In: website. City of Babenhausen, archived from the original ; accessed in February 2019 .
  3. ↑ Darmstädter Echo, Friday, September 14, 2018, p. 22.
  4. ↑ a b Festschrift 125 Years of the Evangelical Church in Langstadt. (PDF; 7 MB) Evangelical Church Council Langstadt, accessed in October 2019 .
  5. ^ Uta Löwenstein: County Hanau . In: Knights, Counts and Princes - Secular Dominions in the Hessian Area approx. 900-1806 = Handbook of Hessian History 3 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 63. Marburg 2014. ISBN 978-3-942225-17-5 , p. 196 -230 (205).
  6. ^ Willi Alter (Ed.): Pfalzatlas . Text volume I. Speyer: Palatinate Society for the Promotion of Science 1964, p. 426: Oberamt Umstadt: Text ( memento from October 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), Oberamt Umstadt: Karte ( Memento from October 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ).
  7. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 136 ( online at google books ).
  8. ↑ Karl-Heinz Meier barley, Karl Reinhard Hinkel: Hesse. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation . Ed .: Hessian Minister of the Interior. Bernecker, Melsungen 1977, DNB  770396321 , OCLC 180532844 , p. 223 .
  9. ↑ a b main statute. (PDF 338 kB) § 7. In: Website. City of Babenhausen, accessed October 2019 .
  10. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  11. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  12. ^ Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of the residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 52 ( online at google books ).
  13. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. In: 2011 census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  14. ↑ Langstadt local advisory board. In: website. Babenhausen, accessed October 2019 .
  15. ↑ Approval of a coat of arms of the municipality of Langstadt (item 654) from June 15, 1964 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1967 No. 27 , p. 779 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.9 MB ]).
  16. ↑ Langstadt coat of arms. Heraldry of the World, accessed October 2019 .
  17. ↑ NaBu local group Langstadt. In: website. Accessed October 2019 .
  18. ^ Wingertsberg Langstadt. In: website. NaBu local group Langstadt, accessed in October 2019 .
  19. ^ Gesangverein Liederkranz eV Langstadt. In: website. Accessed October 2019 .
  20. ↑ Aid for women. In: website. Evangelical parish Langstadt-Schlierbach, accessed in October 2019 .
  21. ↑ Langstadt volunteer fire brigade. In: website. Accessed October 2019 .
  22. ^ Club SC Kentucky. In: website. Accessed October 2019 .
  23. ^ Diana shooting club. In: website. SV "Diana" Langstadt 1959 eV, accessed in October 2019 .
  24. ^ ASV Langstadt 1969 eV In: Web presence. Accessed October 2019 .
  25. ^ Church choir. In: website. Evangelical parish Langstadt-Schlierbach, accessed in October 2019 .
  26. ↑ Trombone Choir Posaunenchor Langstadt eV In: Website. Accessed October 2019 .
  27. ↑ Darmstädter Echo , Tuesday, September 22, 2015, p. 21
  28. ^ Jewish community Langstadt. In: www.alemannia-judaica.de. Accessed October 2016 .
  29. ↑ Freizeitkarte Darmstadt / Dieburg, City Administration of Darmstadt, 1st edition