Sickenhofen

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Sickenhofen
City of Babenhausen
Coordinates: 49 ° 56 ′ 59 "  N , 8 ° 55 ′ 45"  E
Height : 127 m above sea level NHN
Area : 5.35 km²
Residents : 1501  (June 30, 2018)
Population density : 281 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : January 1, 1977
Postal code : 64832
Area code : 06073
map
Location of the Babenhausen districts

Sickenhofen is one of the five districts of Babenhausen in the Darmstadt-Dieburg district in southern Hesse .

geography

The place is 127  m above sea level. NHN , 8 km northeast of Dieburg on the river Gersprenz in the Starkenburg region in front of the first foothills of the northern Odenwald . In the southeast of the village is the Sickenhöfer See (the name was changed on the occasion of the incorporation to Babenhausen in 1977), which is used for gravel mining. The Bundesstraße 26 and the Rhein-Main-Bahn run between the town and the lake in their section from Darmstadt Hauptbahnhof to Aschaffenburg Hauptbahnhof , but without a stop in Sickenhofen.

history

Prehistory and early history

In 1967 and 1968, the rib bones, molars and tusks of a woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) were found in the Sickenhöfer district . The mammoths died out at the end of the last ice age; ie the finds are at least 12,000 years old. Bones of red deer , woolly rhinoceros , horses and a shin bone of a bison (Bison priscus, has been extinct for around 12,000 years) and a thigh bone of a cave bear (Ursus spelaeus, has been extinct for around 25,000 years) were also discovered. Unfortunately, the details of the find are not known. H. it is unclear whether the finds come from the same era. Due to the large number of finds, the site could have been a popular gathering and hunting place.

In 1982 further bones were found in the form of horses, pigs, deer and a canid (dog or wolf). The horse bones showed bite marks from the canids. It was also found that the horse bones were clearly human food residues with traces of processing. In view of adverse circumstances, the finds could not be dated more precisely. It is very likely that they date from the Middle Stone Age to the New Stone Age (period in the Rhine-Main area around 8,000 to 1,900 BC) and thus represent one of the oldest evidence of human presence in Babenhausen and the surrounding area.

There are numerous finds from the urnfield culture (period around 1,300 - 800 BC). The most striking find was made in 1969 in the form of a clay disc. The small disc wheel with a diameter of 7.8 cm and a hub made of brown clay probably belonged to a small wagon made of clay or wood. But it could also have been a spinning vortex or weight to weigh down a fishing net ( net sinker ).

It can be assumed that the Sickenhöfer district was settled at least periodically in the following epochs, such as the Hallstatt , Latène , Roman and Migration Periods , although there are no known finds from Sickenhofen that are explicitly assigned to these epochs. However, old streets that ran through the district are verifiable , such as B. the Rennweg or roads from Roman times that connected Dieburg and the Roman fort in Stockstadt am Main .

Territorial history

The oldest mention of the village comes from the 10th century. In a Gospel manuscript of the Seligenstadt Abbey, which was created around 830 in Lorsch, an interest register was added towards the end of the 10th century in which Sickenhofen was mentioned. The handwritten entry reads: " de Sicgenhouon Liuthart 2 d ". This means: Liuthart, who lives in Sickenhofen, has to pay a fee of two denarii . At that time the Seligenstadt Abbey owned property in the village. The village owned a share in the Mark Babenhausen , was part of the Babenhausen office and belonged to the Altdorf regional and district court .

Originally, the Babenhausen office and the village of Sickenhofen were probably owned by the Hagen-Münzenberg family . Adelheid von Munzenberg , daughter of Ulrich I von Munzenberg , married Reinhard I von Hanau before 1245 (the exact year is not known) . Among other things, she brought the Babenhausen office with her, which had belonged to Hanau since then , and with it Sickenhofen. When the County of Hanau was divided in 1458, the place fell to the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg together with the Babenhausen office .

The von Groschlag family from Dieburg , important for the history of Sickenhofen , first appeared in Sickenhofen in 1291. In 1340 a great mayor is mentioned, which means that the Groschlage received the place as a fief from the lords and counts of Hanau by this year at the latest . In 1438 Heinrich Groschlag u. a. the villages of Sickenhofen and Hergershausen to the Count of Katzenelnbogen . The Groschlage released the inhabitants and all officials from their duties and ordered them to pay homage to the counts and to be obedient. The Katzenelnbogen family and their legal successors, the Landgraves of Hesse , exercised fiefdom for some time. In 1467 at the latest, Sickenhofen and Hergershausen returned to Groschlage as fiefs.

After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , 1736, landgrave Friedrich I of Hessen-Kassel inherited the county of Hanau-Münzenberg on the basis of an inheritance contract from 1643 . Due to the intestinal succession , the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg fell to the son of Johann Reinhard III's only daughter, Landgrave Ludwig IX. from Hessen-Darmstadt . Disputed between the two heirs was the affiliation of the Babenhausen office and its villages to Hanau-Münzenberg or Hanau-Lichtenberg. This almost led to a military conflict between the two Hessians. The dispute could only be ended with a settlement in 1771 after a long-standing legal dispute before the highest imperial courts , the so-called participation recess . Until the Groschlage died out ( Aperturfall ), sovereignty over Sickenhofen and Hergershausen was to be exercised jointly by both count houses. After the Groschlag died out in 1799, the two towns of Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt fell back as feudal lords. In 1807 the office of Babenhausen (belonging to Hessen-Kassel) came under French administration as a result of the Napoleonic Wars with the share in Sickenhofen and Hergershausen. By a state treaty with France in 1810, however, to the Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt .

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Sickenhofen in 1829:

»Sickenhofen (district of Seligenstadt) Lutheran parish village; is located on the Gersprenz 2 1 ⁄ 2  St. from Seligenstadt and 4 1 ⁄ 4 St. from Steinheim. The place consists of 73 houses and 446 inhabitants who are Lutheran except for 2 Catholics and 71 Jews. A church is under construction; the old church dates from the 14th century. Nearby on the left bank of the Gersprenz was the village of Langenbrücken, which still occurs in 1532. - Considering the territorial centerability, the place belonged to Babenhausen Castle, came with the castle to Hanau between 1258 - 1278 and from Hanau the Lords of Groschlag owned the place with Vogteilichkeit as a fief until 1802. In that year Sickenhofen came with Hergershausen jointly to the two Hess. Houses. In 1807 France took possession of the Hesse-Cassel portion, incorporated it into the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt, established in 1810, but was ceded by this government to the Grand Duchy of Hesse in the same year. The parish first appears in a document in 1360, and those of Groschlage were the patron saints. Before that, the place was a branch of Dieburg. "

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Sickenhofen was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Territorial reform

In the course of the regional reform in Hesse , Sickenhofen was incorporated into the city of Babenhausen on January 1, 1977 by force of state law . For Sickenhofen, as for the core town of Babenhausen and the other parts of the city, a local district with a local advisory board and mayor was set up according to the Hessian municipal code.

Historical place name

In historical documents, the place is documented under the following place names (the year it was mentioned in brackets): Cicgenhouon (11th century); Siggenhoven (1246); Sickinhoven (1297); Syckinhouen (1340); Sickenhobin (1346); Syckenhofen (1371); Sickenhoffen (1427); Sickenhoeffen (1431); Sickhofen (1527).

Population development

• 1829: 446 inhabitants, 73 houses
• 1867: 491 inhabitants, 96 houses
Sickenhofen: Population from 1829 to 2018
year     Residents
1829
  
 446
1834
  
 469
1840
  
 441
1846
  
 538
1852
  
 556
1858
  
 523
1864
  
 490
1871
  
 499
1875
  
 528
1885
  
 524
1895
  
 471
1905
  
 448
1910
  
 485
1925
  
 517
1939
  
 527
1946
  
 705
1950
  
 768
1956
  
 719
1961
  
 748
1967
  
 909
1970
  
 967
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
2000
  
 ?
2011
  
 1,482
2014
  
 1,388
2018
  
 1,501
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; Website Babenhausen: 2014 -2018; 2011 census

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 373 Lutheran (= 83.63%), 71 Jewish (= 15.92%) and 2 Catholic (= 0.45%) residents
• 1961: 627 Protestant (= 83.82%), 107 Catholic (= 14.30%) residents

economy

Around 1350 the mill in the village belonged to the von Wasen family of lower nobility . It still existed at the beginning of the 20th century.

religion

church

Until 1360 the local church was a branch church of the church in Dieburg . Since then there has been a parish with its own pastor. The patronage was with the apostles Philip , Jacobus and Simon Peter and a Saint Marcellinus. The church patronage lay with the Lords and Counts of Hanau and was given to the Groschlag von Dieburg as part of the fiefdom. The central church authority was the Archdeaconate of St. Peter and Alexander in Aschaffenburg , Landkapitel Montat .

In the 40s of the 16th century, Count Philipp IV of Hanau-Lichtenberg introduced the Lutheran Reformation in Sickenhofen . Today's Protestant church was built in 1829–31 under the master builder Georg Lerch .

Jewish community

From around 1600 to 1938 there was a Jewish community in the village with its own synagogue and a Jewish cemetery , on which there are still 139 tombstones today .

politics

There is a local district for Sickenhofen (areas of the former municipality of Sickenhofen) with a local advisory board and local councilor according to the Hessian municipal code . The local advisory board consists of seven members. Since the local elections in 2016, he has had two members of the SPD , four members of the CDU and one member of Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen . The mayor is Friedel Sahm (CDU).

Regular events

Nature and protected areas

Part of the “ Brackenbruch bei Hergershausen ” nature reserve , a floodplain area with bodies of water, wet meadows and near-natural forest areas, is located in the district of Sickenhofen .

Picture gallery

  • Seal fragment with the von Wasen coat of arms (1414)

  • Evangelical Church (2014)

  • Evangelical rectory (2014)

  • Former town hall and school (2014)

  • Half-timbered house (2014)

literature

  • Barbara Demandt: The medieval church organization in Hesse south of the Main = Writings of the Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies 29 (1966), p. 152f.
  • Siegfried Enders: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany - cultural monuments in Hesse - Darmstadt-Dieburg district . Braunschweig 1988, ISBN 3-528-06235-5 , pp. 105ff.
  • Tilo Fink: Entry into the history of the villages of Sickenhofen and Hergershausen . 2015, ISBN 978-3-934054-39-4
  • Max Herchenröder : The art monuments of the district of Dieburg . 1940, pp. 281f.
  • Wilhelm Müller: Hessian place name book . Volume 1: Starkenburg. 1937, p. 672ff.
  • Hans Georg Ruppel (edit.): Historical place directory for the area of ​​the former Grand Duchy and People's State of Hesse with evidence of district and court affiliation from 1820 to the changes in the course of the municipal territorial reform = Darmstädter Archivschriften 2. 1976, p. 192.
  • Search for Sickenhofen in the archive portal-D of the German Digital Library
  • Literature about Sickenhofen in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Commons : Sickenhofen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Sickenhofen, Darmstadt-Dieburg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 16, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ a b Facts and Figures. In: website. City of Babenhausen, archived from the original ; accessed in February 2019 .
  3. ^ Tilo Fink: Entry into the history of the villages of Sickenhofen and Hergershausen. P. 63
  4. ^ Tilo Fink: Entry into the history of the villages of Sickenhofen and Hergershausen. P. 63
  5. ^ Tilo Fink: Entry into the history of the villages of Sickenhofen and Hergershausen. P. 64
  6. ^ Tilo Fink: Entry into the history of the villages of Sickenhofen and Hergershausen. Pp. 66-68
  7. ^ Tilo Fink: Entry into the history of the villages of Sickenhofen and Hergershausen. P. 99
  8. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 222 ( online at google books ).
  9. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  10. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  11. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the districts of Darmstadt and Dieburg and the city of Darmstadt (GVBl. II 330–334) of June 26, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 22 , p. 318 , § 16 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1.5 MB ]).
  12. ↑ a b main statute. (PDF; 338 kB) § 7. In: Website. City of Babenhausen, accessed October 2019 .
  13. ^ Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of the residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 82 ( online at google books ).
  14. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. In: 2011 census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  15. ^ The Jewish community in Sickenhofen. In: www.alemannia-judaica.de. Accessed October 2019 .
  16. ^ Sickenhofen local council. In: website. City of Babenhausen, accessed October 2019 .
  17. ↑ Darmstädter Echo , Tuesday, August 23, 2016, p. 23
  18. ↑ Ordinance on the “Brackenbruch bei Hergershausen” nature reserve of October 25, 1999. PDF. State Gazette for the State of Hesse, issue no. 46/1999, p. 3424, no. 1138., accessed on July 14, 2020 .