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{{short description|French actress}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
[[File:Darling Légitimus.jpg|thumbnail|Darling Légitimus]]
{{Infobox person
'''Darling Légitimus''' (born Mathilda (Marie-Berthilde) Paruta on 21 November 1907 at [[Le Carbet]], died 7 December 1999 at [[Kremlin-Bicetre]]) was a Caribbean-born French actress. She was the mother of [[Gesip Légitimus]] (1930–2000) artist and television producer, [[Theo Légitimus]], and Grand mother to actor, [[Pascal Légitimus]] comedian in the "Inconnus" troupe, [[Diana Légitimus]] artist, [[Samuel Légitimus]], actor, and [[David Légitimus]], French singers and [[Billie Richardson]], also a musician and psychotherapist.
| name = Darling Légitimus
| image =
| caption =
| birth_name = Mathilda Marie Berthilde Paruta
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1907|11|21}}
| birth_place = [[Le Carbet]], Martinique, France
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1999|12|07|1907|11|21}}
| death_place = [[Le Kremlin-Bicêtre]], [[Île-de-France]], France
| resting_place = [[Père Lachaise Cemetery]]
| other_names = Mathilde Paruta
| occupation = Actor
| years_active =
| relatives = [[Pascal Légitimus]] (grandson)
}}

'''Mathilda Marie Berthilde Paruta''' (21 November 1907 – 7 December 1999), better known as '''Darling Légitimus''', was a French actress. In 1983, she received the [[Volpi Cup for Best Actress]] for her performance in the film ''[[Sugar Cane Alley]]''.


== Biography ==
== Biography ==
⚫
Born on 21 November 1907 at Le Carbet in [[Martinique]], she spent her early years in [[Caracas]], Venezuela. Mathilda Paruta arrived in Paris, France, aged 16, wanting to become a dancer. She met Victor-Etienne Légitimus, son of the government [[Deputy (legislator)|deputy]], [[Hegesippe Jean Légitimus]], and went on to become his lifelong companion and bear him five children.


⚫
Known for a long time as Miss Darling, she later chose to go by the name of Darling Legitimus. She performed as a dancer in ''[[La Revue Nègre]]'' (1925) with [[Josephine Baker]],<ref name="Slobin">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VQw5Ci7sbasC&dq=darling+legitimus+%22revue+negre%22&pg=PA305 |title=Global Soundtracks: Worlds of Film Music |date=September 29, 2008 |editor-last=Slobin |editor-first=Mark |editor-link=Mark Slobin |publisher=Wesleyan University Press |location=Middletown, Connecticutt |page=305 |isbn=978-0-8195-6881-6 |oclc=213765688 |access-date=April 17, 2022}}</ref> and posed for [[Picasso]] as well as for sculptor [[Paul Belmondo (sculptor)|Paul Belmondo]], father of [[Jean-Paul Belmondo]], the actor.
⚫
Born on 21 November 1907 at Le Carbet in [[Martinique]], she spent her early years in [[Caracas]], [[Venezuela]]. Mathilda Paruta arrived in Paris, France, at age of 16, wanting to become a dancer. She met Victor-Etienne Légitimus, son of the government [[Deputy (legislator)|deputy]], [[Hegesippe Jean Légitimus]], and went on to become his lifelong companion and bear him five children.

⚫
Known for a long time as Miss Darling, she later chose to go by the name of Darling Legitimus. She performed as a dancer in ''[[La Revue Nègre]]'' (1925) with [[Josephine Baker]],<ref>[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=VQw5Ci7sbasC&pg=PA305&lpg=PA305&dq=darling+legitimus+%22revue+negre%22&source=bl&ots=R3_DddfznL&sig=wIEnnEcCC7XndEoHupLNsMGv1CY&hl=en&sa=X&ei=emqnUPHnJOaY1AWL64Aw&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=darling%20legitimus%20%22revue%20negre%22&f=false Mark Slobin (ed.), ''Global Soundtracks: Worlds of Film Music'', Wesleyan University Press, 2008, p. 305.]</ref> and posed for [[Picasso]] as well as for [[sculptor]] [[Paul Belmondo (sculptor)|Paul Belmondo]], father of [[Jean-Paul Belmondo]], the actor.


During the 1930s, Darling wrote, composed and sang numerous Caribbean songs such as [[Biguine]] and [[Mazurka]]. She often performed alongside known musicians of the era, including "Pe En Kin Sosso" and his band.
During the 1930s, Darling wrote, composed and sang numerous Caribbean songs such as [[Biguine]] and [[Mazurka]]. She often performed alongside known musicians of the era, including "Pe En Kin Sosso" and his band.
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== Death ==
== Death ==

She died on 7 December 1999 at [[Kremlin-Bicetre]] in the [[Val de Marne]] near Paris, in France, without any more acting roles after ''Sugar Cane Alley'' in spite of hopes of her nomination and rewards.
She died on 7 December 1999 at [[Kremlin-Bicetre]] in the [[Val de Marne]] near Paris, in France, without any more acting roles after ''Sugar Cane Alley'' in spite of hopes of her nomination and rewards.


== Public tribute ==
== Public tribute ==
The writer, [[Calixthe Beyala]]<ref name="lejournal">[http://delirium.lejournal.free.fr/interview_calixte_beyala.htm DELIRIUM Interview Calixte Beyala<!-- Title generated by bot -->]</ref> and Caribbean actor [[Luc Saint-Eloy]],<ref name="afrocine">[http://www.afrocine.com/blackcast/fiches/saint_eloy.asp Afrocine - Le cinéma dans toutes ses couleurs<!-- Title generated by bot -->]</ref> representatives of "Liberté" collective came up on stage at the [[César Awards|César]] ceremony in 2000, to claim one of the largest presence on French television screens and to pay her a public tribute, since the organizers had "forgotten" to name Darling as one of the previous year's great losses.
The writer, [[Calixthe Beyala]]<ref name="lejournal">{{Cite web |url=http://delirium.lejournal.free.fr/interview_calixte_beyala.htm |title=DELIRIUM Interview Calixte Beyala<!-- Title generated by bot --> |access-date=26 December 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070326162408/http://delirium.lejournal.free.fr/interview_calixte_beyala.htm |archive-date=26 March 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and Caribbean actor [[Luc Saint-Eloy]],<ref name="afrocine">{{Cite web |url=http://www.afrocine.com/blackcast/fiches/saint_eloy.asp |title=Afrocine – Le cinéma dans toutes ses couleurs<!-- Title generated by bot --> |access-date=26 December 2009 |archive-date=20 November 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081120194841/http://www.afrocine.com/blackcast/fiches/saint_eloy.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> representatives of "Liberté" collective came up on stage at the [[César Awards|César]] ceremony in 2000, to claim one of the largest presence on French television screens and to pay her a public tribute, since the organizers had "forgotten" to name Darling as one of the previous year's great losses.


== Filmography ==
== Filmography ==

=== Cinema ===
=== Cinema ===
{{Div col}}

* 1933 : ''[[Bouboule 1er, roi nègre]]'' - [[Léon Mathot]]
*1934: ''[[Bouboule 1er, roi nègre]]'' (by [[Léon Mathot]])
* 1937 : ''[[Les Perles de la couronne]]'' - [[Sacha Guitry]] and [[Christian Jaque]]
*1937: ''[[The Pearls of the Crown]]'' (by [[Sacha Guitry]] and [[Christian Jaque]]) - (uncredited)
* 1946 : ''[[Un ami viendra ce soir]]'' - [[Raymond Bernard]]
*1946: ''[[Un ami viendra ce soir]]'' (by [[Raymond Bernard]]) - (uncredited)
* 1947 : ''Le Bateau à soupe'' - [[Maurice Gleize]]
*1946: ''Le Bateau à soupe'' (by [[Maurice Gleize]]) - (uncredited)
* 1947 : ''Les Trois cousines'' - [[Jacques Daniel-Norman]]
*1947: ''Les Trois cousines'' (by [[Jacques Daniel-Norman]])
* 1950 : ''[[Casimir (film)|Casimir]]'' - [[Richard Pottier]]
*1950: ''[[Casimir (film)|Casimir]]'' (by [[Richard Pottier]]) - Caroline
* 1952 : ''Le Chemin de Damas'' - [[Max Glass]]
*1952: ''Le Chemin de Damas'' (by [[Max Glass]])
* 1953 : ''[[Le Salaire de la peur]]'' ([[Wages Of Fear]])- [[Henri-Georges Clouzot]]
*1953: ''[[The Wages of Fear|Le Salaire de la peur]]'' (by [[Henri-Georges Clouzot]])
* 1953 : ''Tourbillon'' (film) - [[Alfred Rode]]
*1953: ''Tourbillon'' (by [[Alfred Rode]])
* 1954 : ''[[Flesh and the Woman]]'' - [[Robert Siodmak]]
*1954: ''[[Flesh and the Woman]]'' (by [[Robert Siodmak]])
* 1955 : ''[[Napoléon]]'' - [[Sacha Guitry]] and [[Eugène Lourié]] : the nanny
*1955: ''[[Napoléon]]'' (by [[Sacha Guitry]] and [[Eugène Lourié]]) - La nourrice (uncredited)
* 1955 : ''[[Le Port du désir]]'' - [[Edmond T. Gréville]]
*1955: ''[[Le Port du désir]]'' (by [[Edmond T. Gréville]]) - La mère de Baba (uncredited)
* 1955 : ''[[A Missionary]]'' - [[Maurice Cloche]]
*1955: ''[[A Missionary]]'' (by [[Maurice Cloche]])
* 1957 : ''[[Les Sorcières de Salem]]'' ([[The Crucible]])- [[Raymond Rouleau]]
*1957: ''[[The Crucible|Les Sorcières de Salem]]'' (by [[Raymond Rouleau]]) - Tituba
* 1960 : ''Comment qu'elle est'' - [[Bernard Borderie]]
*1960: ''[[Women Are Like That (1960 film)|Women Are Like That]]'' (by [[Bernard Borderie]]) - Palmyre
* 1962 : ''[[La Poupée]]'' - [[Jacques Baratier]]
*1962: ''[[La Poupée]]'' (by [[Jacques Baratier]]) - (uncredited)
* 1963 : ''Le Feu follet'' - [[Louis Malle]]
*1963: ''Le Feu follet'' (by [[Louis Malle]]) - (uncredited)
* 1971 : ''[[Le Cri du cormoran le soir au-dessus des jonques]]'' - [[Michel Audiard]]
*1971: ''[[Boulevard du Rhum]]'' (by [[Robert Enrico]]) - La noire qui fredonne (uncredited)
*1971: ''[[Le Cri du cormoran le soir au-dessus des jonques]]'' (by [[Michel Audiard]])
* 1971 : ''Églantine'' - Jean-Claude Brialy : Lolo
*1972: ''Églantine'' (by Jean-Claude Brialy) - Lolo
* 1971 : ''[[Boulevard du Rhum|Boulevard du rhum]]'' - [[Robert Enrico]]
* 1972 : ''[[Le Dernier Tango à Paris]]'' ([[Last Tango in Paris]] ) de [[Bernardo Bertolucci]] : concierge
*1972: ''[[Last Tango in Paris|Le Dernier Tango à Paris]]'' (by [[Bernardo Bertolucci]]) - La concierge
* 1973 : ''[[La dernière bourrée à Paris]]'' - [[Raoul André]]
*1973: ''[[La dernière bourrée à Paris]]'' (by [[Raoul André]])
* 1976 :'' Les vécés étaient fermés de l'intérieur'' - [[Patrice Leconte]]
*1976: ''Les vécés étaient fermés de l'intérieur'' (by [[Patrice Leconte]]) - Rose
* 1979 : ''O Madiana'' - [[Constant Gros-Dubois]] : Mme Jonas
*1979: ''O Madiana'' (by [[Constant Gros-Dubois]]) - Mme Jonas
* 1980 : ''La Bande du Rex'' -108-13 / [[Jean-Henri Meunier]]
*1980: ''La Bande du Rex'' −108-13 (by [[Jean-Henri Meunier]]) - Nounou
* 1980 : ''5% de risques'' - [[Jean Pourtalé]]
*1980: ''5% de risques'' (by [[Jean Pourtalé]])
* 1983 : ''Rue Cases-Nègres'' (''[[Sugar Cane Alley]]'') - [[Euzhan Palcy]] : M'Man Tine
*1983: ''[[Sugar Cane Alley|Rue Cases-Nègres]]'' (by [[Euzhan Palcy]]) - M'Man Tine (final film role)
{{div col end}}


=== Television ===
=== Television ===


* La Case de l'oncle Tom ([[Uncle Tom's Cabin]]), written by [[Harriet Beecher Stowe]](1963) .... Dinah
* ''La Case de l'oncle Tom'' ([[Uncle Tom's Cabin]]), written by [[Harriet Beecher Stowe]](1963) .... Dinah
* Les Verts Pâturages ([[The Green Pastures]]), written by [[Marc Connelly]] Christmas 1964*
* ''Les Verts Pâturages'' ([[The Green Pastures]]), written by [[Marc Connelly]] Christmas 1964*
* La Redevance du fantôme (1966), adapted from a [[Henry James]] novel by [[Jean Gruault]] and realised by [[Robert Enrico]].... Belinda
* ''La Redevance du fantôme'' (1966), adapted from a [[Henry James]] novel by [[Jean Gruault]] and realised by [[Robert Enrico]].... Belinda
* Noëlle aux quatre vents, (1965 to 1969) realised by [[Henri Colpi]]. TV
* ''Noëlle aux quatre vents'', (1965 to 1969) realised by [[Henri Colpi]]. TV
* Face aux Lancaster (1971) realised by [[Adonis A. Kyrou|Adonis Kyrou]] TV
* ''Face aux Lancaster'' (1971) realised by [[Adonis A. Kyrou|Adonis Kyrou]] TV
* François Gaillard : La Vie des autres - France, by [[Jacques Ertaud]] (1971) TV .... Datifa (segment Pierre)
* ''François Gaillard : La Vie des autres'' – France, by [[Jacques Ertaud]] (1971) TV .... Datifa (segment Pierre)


=== Theater ===
=== Theater ===
* ''[[Les Sorcières de Salem]]'' by [[Raymond Rouleau]], adapted by [[Jean-Paul Sartre]] from [[Arthur Miller]]'s novel [[The Crucible]], in the [[Théâtre Sarah Bernhardt|Sarah Bernhardt Theater]]
* ''[[Les Sorcières de Salem]]'' by [[Raymond Rouleau]], adapted by [[Jean-Paul Sartre]] from [[Arthur Miller]]'s novel [[The Crucible]], in the [[Théâtre Sarah Bernhardt|Sarah Bernhardt Theater]]
* ''{{ill|fr|La Tragédie du Roi Christophe}}'': created 4 August 1964, presented at the [[Salzburg Festival]], and in France the next year, at the [[Odéon]] theater in Paris, by the Dramatic Art Company: Europa Studio. It was a success in [[Berlin]], [[Brussels]], and the [[Venice Biennale]]; in the 1966 Festival Mondial des Arts Nègres ([[World Festival of Black Arts]]) in [[Dakar]], where the {{ill|fr|Théâtre national Daniel-Sorano}} was built for the occasion;<ref>{{cite web|title=Dakar 1966 – 1er Festival Mondial des Arts Nègres|url=http://continuo.wordpress.com/2009/11/25/dakar-1966-1er-festival-mondial-des-arts-negres/|work=Continuo's weblog {{!}} Reassessed aural delicacies|author="Continuo"}}</ref> for [[Expo 67]], the Montreal World's Fair;<ref>{{cite web|title=Day 039 — Monday, 5 June 1967|url=http://www.expo67.org/dbd_039_670605|work=Expo 67 — Day by Day|publisher=Fondation Expo 67|author=Yves Jasmin|date=2013-04-27|quote=A third premiere, ''La Tragédie du roi Christophe'' by Aimé Césaire is performed in the Port Royal by the Paris-trained Toucan Noir group from Africa.}}</ref> in [[Yugoslavia]], and in the [[Piccolo Teatro (Milan)|Piccolo Teatro]] of Milan.
* ''{{Interlanguage link multi|La Tragédie du Roi Christophe|fr}}'': created 4 August 1964, presented at the [[Salzburg Festival]], and in France the next year, at the [[Odéon]] theater in Paris, by the Dramatic Art Company: Europa Studio. It was a success in [[Berlin]], Brussels, and the [[Venice Biennale]]; in the 1966 Festival Mondial des Arts Nègres ([[World Festival of Black Arts]]) in [[Dakar]], where the {{Interlanguage link multi|Théâtre national Daniel-Sorano|fr}} was built for the occasion;<ref>{{cite web|title=Dakar 1966 – 1er Festival Mondial des Arts Nègres|url=http://continuo.wordpress.com/2009/11/25/dakar-1966-1er-festival-mondial-des-arts-negres/|work=Continuo's weblog {{!}} Reassessed aural delicacies|author=Continuo}}</ref> for [[Expo 67]], the Montreal World's Fair;<ref>{{cite web|title=Day 039 – Monday, 5 June 1967 |url=http://www.expo67.org/dbd_039_670605 |work=Expo 67 – Day by Day |publisher=Fondation Expo 67 |author=Yves Jasmin |date=27 April 2013 |quote=A third premiere, ''La Tragédie du roi Christophe'' by Aimé Césaire is performed in the Port Royal by the Paris-trained Toucan Noir group from Africa. |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222042857/http://www.expo67.org/dbd_039_670605 |archivedate=22 February 2014 }}</ref> in [[Yugoslavia]], and in the [[Piccolo Teatro (Milan)|Piccolo Teatro]] of Milan.
* ''[[Une Saison au Congo]]'', created on 4 October 1967 in Théâtre de l'Est Parisien by the [[Jean-Marie Serreau]]-Perinetti company.
* ''[[Une saison au Congo]]'', created on 4 October 1967 in Théâtre de l'Est Parisien by the [[Jean-Marie Serreau]]-Perinetti company.
* ''[[Équateur Funambule]]'', juillet 1975, in the municipal theater of [[Fort-de-France]] in [[Martinique]].
* ''[[Équateur Funambule]]'', juillet 1975, in the municipal theater of [[Fort-de-France]] in Martinique.
* ''[[À la rencontre du petit matin]]'', March 1976, filmed in [[Guadeloupe]] and in Martinique. November 1976, the "[[Nouveau Carré]]" [[Sylvia Montfort]]. May 1976, "Ciné royal" in Boulogne-Billancourt. February 1977,in Vesinet (near Paris). December 1990, Biennale of Dakar (Senegal) 1st part of "Aventure ambiguë" filmed in [[Senegal]] for Memory of South.
* ''[[À la rencontre du petit matin]]'', March 1976, filmed in [[Guadeloupe]] and in Martinique. November 1976, the "[[Nouveau Carré]]" [[Sylvia Montfort]]. May 1976, "Ciné royal" in Boulogne-Billancourt. February 1977,in Vesinet (near Paris). December 1990, Biennale of Dakar (Senegal) 1st part of "Aventure ambiguë" filmed in [[Senegal]] for Memory of South.
* ''[[Gouverneur de la rosée]]'' written in 1944, by [[Jacques Roumain]], paru en 1944, adapted for the "Théâtre Noir" (Black Theater), Paris, 1975.
* ''[[Gouverneur de la rosée]]'' written in 1944, by [[Jacques Roumain]], paru en 1944, adapted for the "Théâtre Noir" (Black Theater), Paris, 1975.
* ''Vous ne l'emporterez pas avec vous'' ([[You Can't Take It with You (play)|You Can't Take It with You]]) (1978) by [[Moss Hart]] and [[George S. Kaufman]], produced and directed by [[Jean-Luc Moreau]] by [[Pierre Sabbagh]] (Au théâtre ce soir) ... Rébad
* ''Vous ne l'emporterez pas avec vous'' ([[You Can't Take It with You (play)|You Can't Take It with You]]) (1978) by [[Moss Hart]] and [[George S. Kaufman]], produced and directed by [[Jean-Luc Moreau]] by [[Pierre Sabbagh]] (Au théâtre ce soir) ... Rébad
* ''Le Diable aux collants verts''
* ''Le Diable aux collants verts''


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[[Category:1907 births]]
[[Category:1907 births]]
[[Category:1999 deaths]]
[[Category:1999 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Martinique]]
[[Category:Martiniquais actresses]]
[[Category:French people of Martiniquais descent]]
[[Category:French people of Martiniquais descent]]
[[Category:20th-century French actresses]]
[[Category:20th-century French actresses]]
[[Category:Volpi Cup winners]]
[[Category:Volpi Cup for Best Actress winners]]
[[Category:Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery]]
[[Category:Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery]]
[[Category:People from the French West Indies]]

Latest revision as of 18:29, 17 April 2024

Darling Légitimus
Born
Mathilda Marie Berthilde Paruta

(1907-11-21)21 November 1907
Le Carbet, Martinique, France
Died7 December 1999(1999-12-07) (aged 92)
Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Île-de-France, France
Resting placePère Lachaise Cemetery
Other namesMathilde Paruta
OccupationActor
RelativesPascal Légitimus (grandson)

Mathilda Marie Berthilde Paruta (21 November 1907 – 7 December 1999), better known as Darling Légitimus, was a French actress. In 1983, she received the Volpi Cup for Best Actress for her performance in the film Sugar Cane Alley.

Biography[edit]

Born on 21 November 1907 at Le Carbet in Martinique, she spent her early years in Caracas, Venezuela. Mathilda Paruta arrived in Paris, France, aged 16, wanting to become a dancer. She met Victor-Etienne Légitimus, son of the government deputy, Hegesippe Jean Légitimus, and went on to become his lifelong companion and bear him five children.

Known for a long time as Miss Darling, she later chose to go by the name of Darling Legitimus. She performed as a dancer in La Revue Nègre (1925) with Josephine Baker,[1] and posed for Picasso as well as for sculptor Paul Belmondo, father of Jean-Paul Belmondo, the actor.

During the 1930s, Darling wrote, composed and sang numerous Caribbean songs such as Biguine and Mazurka. She often performed alongside known musicians of the era, including "Pe En Kin Sosso" and his band.

She also performed in plays by Jean Genet (Les Nègres) and Aimé Césaire. She was directed on the big screen by Raymond Rouleau in Les Sorcieres de Salem (The Crucible) alongside Simone Signoret and Yves Montand, and Le Salaire de la Peur (Wages of Fear) by Henri Georges Clouzot, with Sacha Guitry, Jean-Claude Brialy and Bernardo Bertolucci.

In 1983, at the age of 76, she won the Volpi Cup for the best female interpretation of "The Mostra of Venise", also for her role in La Rue Cases-Nègres (Sugar Cane Alley), directed by her compatriot Euzhan Palcy. During her long life, she was acquainted with a great number of famous actors, among them Arletty, Fernandel, Marlon Brando and Pierre Brasseur. She also took part in numerous ORTF (Office de Radio-diffusion de la Television Française) productions, of which a telefilm by Jean-Christophe Averty, Les verts Paturages (The Green Pastures, written by Marc Connelly), was produced.

Death[edit]

She died on 7 December 1999 at Kremlin-Bicetre in the Val de Marne near Paris, in France, without any more acting roles after Sugar Cane Alley in spite of hopes of her nomination and rewards.

Public tribute[edit]

The writer, Calixthe Beyala[2] and Caribbean actor Luc Saint-Eloy,[3] representatives of "Liberté" collective came up on stage at the César ceremony in 2000, to claim one of the largest presence on French television screens and to pay her a public tribute, since the organizers had "forgotten" to name Darling as one of the previous year's great losses.

Filmography[edit]

Cinema[edit]

Television[edit]

Theater[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Slobin, Mark, ed. (29 September 2008). Global Soundtracks: Worlds of Film Music. Middletown, Connecticutt: Wesleyan University Press. p. 305. ISBN 978-0-8195-6881-6. OCLC 213765688. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  2. ^ "DELIRIUM Interview Calixte Beyala". Archived from the original on 26 March 2007. Retrieved 26 December 2009.
  3. ^ "Afrocine – Le cinéma dans toutes ses couleurs". Archived from the original on 20 November 2008. Retrieved 26 December 2009.
  4. ^ Continuo. "Dakar 1966 – 1er Festival Mondial des Arts Nègres". Continuo's weblog | Reassessed aural delicacies.
  5. ^ Yves Jasmin (27 April 2013). "Day 039 – Monday, 5 June 1967". Expo 67 – Day by Day. Fondation Expo 67. Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. A third premiere, La Tragédie du roi Christophe by Aimé Césaire is performed in the Port Royal by the Paris-trained Toucan Noir group from Africa.
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