Ahlbecker Seegrund

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View from the west of the Ahlbeck lake bottom

The Ahlbecker Seegrund , also known as Ahlbecker Fenn , is the largest growing limestone swinging bog in Germany and the rest of the Ahlbeck lake that was drained in the 18th and 19th centuries .

Position and extent

The former lake is located in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district in the eastern part of the Ueckermünder Heide near the Polish border. The Ahlbecker Seegrund is located in the municipal areas of Ahlbeck and Hintersee . From the village of Ahlbeck, the lake bottom extends about 6 kilometers in a south-easterly direction. The width is between 1.4 and 2.2 kilometers.

history

The Ahlbeck lake was created during the Vistula ice age from a remaining tongue of the Oder glacier. A survey from the beginning of the 18th century in the course of the Swedish land survey of Western Pomerania showed a water area of ​​22.45 km². This value was corrected to 18.5 km² after measurements in the 20th century.

In the middle of the 18th century, the Prussian King Friedrich II encouraged the settlement of colonists in sparsely populated areas and the associated reclamation of useful land through reclamation and cultivation of wetlands. In 1742, the war and domain councilor Christoph Ludwig Winckelmann drafted the plans for the settlement of 30 colonist families who were supposed to carry out the drainage of the Ahlbeck lake. The project was approved by the government in Berlin in 1743. Winckelmann was responsible for coordinating the work and concluded a hereditary interest contract with the Pomeranian War and Domain Chamber in Stettin .

Work began in 1742 with the expansion of the Ahlbeke, the natural runoff from the Ahlbeck lake to the Eggesiner lake . The planned drainage via Rieth into the Neuwarper See failed due to the resistance of the Rieth lord of Broecker.

Winckelmann had the colonist villages of Vorsee built near Ahlbeck, Gegensee and Zopfenbeck. In addition, the Vorwerke Ludwigshof in the north of the Ahlbecker See, where Winckelmann settled, and Christinenhof on the Great Faulen See were built. The area of ​​the drained lake was designated as a digested sludge area in 1786 .

At the beginning of the 19th century, the project of a trench to Neuwarper See was resumed, as a new owner in Rieth gave his approval. Problems with the canal works, which led to collapses, earned the new drainage ditch the name "Teufelsgraben". A third and largely complete drainage of the Ahlbeck lake took place in 1879. The lake soil was used as fertilizer by the local farmers because of its high proportion of lime. However, intensified use for ammonia production was not profitable.

Ludwigshofer See in the Ahlbeck lake bottom

At the beginning of the 20th century, the rise of the water level led to the emergence of the small Ludwigshofer See from a dredging hole, which had been used for sea sludge extraction and the formation of the swamp bog . From 1906, the Randower Bahn's small railway ran north of the lake bed from Stöven to Neuwarp .

In 1987 the Ahlbecker Seegrund was declared a nature reserve. This 1166 hectare area has been part of the Am Stettiner Haff Nature Park since 2005 . In the NSG Ahlbecker Seegrund there are various orchids as well as reed and sedge species as well as numerous species of large butterflies and ground beetles . The lake bed is also an important resting area for migratory birds.

literature

  • Wolfgang Dahle: The new citizens of the Fenn. The Ahlbeck lake near Ueckermünde was drained about 250 years ago. In: Heimatkurier . Supplement to the Nordkurier . October 20, 2008, p. 27

Web links

Commons : Ahlbecker Seegrund  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 53 ° 39 ′ 0 ″  N , 14 ° 13 ′ 4 ″  E