Amazonas (Brazil)
| Estado do Amazonas Amazonas |
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| Coordinates | 4 ° S , 65 ° W | ||
 Location of the state of Amazonas in Brazil
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| founding | 1889 (as a state, 1850–1889 Amazonas province) | ||
| Basic data | |||
| Country | Brazil | ||
| State | Amazon | ||
| Capital | Manaus | ||
| ISO 3166-2 | BR-AM | ||
| Região intermediária | 4 (since 2017) | ||
| Região imediata | 11 (since 2017) | ||
| structure | 62 Munizipe | ||
| Waters | Amazon , Rio Negro , Amazon basin | ||
| climate | equatorial, Am, Af | ||
| surface | 1,559,146.9 km² | ||
| Residents | 3,483,985 (2010, last census) | ||
| density | 2.2 Ew. / km² | ||
| estimate | 4,144,597 Ew. (July 1, 2019) | ||
| Time zone | UTC −04, UTC − 5 | ||
| Website | www.amazonas.am.gov.br (Brazilian Portuguese) | ||
| politics | |||
| governor |
Wilson Lima ( PSC ) (since January 1, 2019) Vice-Governor: Carlos Almeida ( PRTB ) (since January 1, 2019) Senators: 3 MPs: 8 State MPs : 24 |
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| economy | |||
| GDP | 86,560 billion R $ 21,979 R $ per capita (2015) |
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| HDI | 0.674 (medium) (2010) | ||
Amazonas , officially Portuguese Estado do Amazonas , is the largest of the 26 states in Brazil . It is located in the northwest of the country and belongs to the Região Norte (northern region). With more than two million inhabitants, almost half of the state's population lives in the capital Manaus .
Toponymy
The territory is named after the river of the same name, Rio Amazonas , also known as Rio de las Amazonas since the 16th century .
Geography and population
It encompasses the western Amazon basin in northwestern Brazil and consists largely of tropical rainforest . The geographical location is determined by the following maximum degrees of latitude and longitude:
- Geographic latitude −2 ° 14'29 "to −9 ° 49'10" (north-south)
- Geographical longitude −56 ° 06'00 "to −73 ° 47'40" (east-west)
The state borders on the neighboring states of Peru , Colombia and Venezuela as well as on the Brazilian states of Roraima , Pará , Mato Grosso , Rondônia and Acre . It is divided into 62 parishes, the municipal cities (in Portuguese municípios ).
Its area is almost 1.56 million km² , the population per square kilometer was 2.23 in 2010. The 2010 census by the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) recorded 3,483,985 inhabitants. As of July 1, 2019, the IBGE estimated the population to be 4,144,597.
Population development
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1991 census | 2.103.243 |
| 2000 census | 2,812,557 |
| 2010 census | 3,483,985 |
| 2019 estimate | 4,144,597 |
Cities
The largest city in the state and the Região Norte is Manaus with an estimated 2,182,763 inhabitants (2019). According to the 2010 census, four fifths of the Amazon's population live in cities and one fifth in rural areas. Other major cities in the state besides Manaus are Parintins with an estimated 114,273 inhabitants (2019), Itacoatiara with an estimated 101,337 inhabitants (2019), Manacapuru with an estimated 97,377 inhabitants (2019), Coari with an estimated 85,097 inhabitants (2019) and Tefé with an estimated 59,849 inhabitants ( 2019).
Indigenous population
According to the IBGE, 65 indigenous groups live in the Amazon. The 2010 census determined a total of 168,680 people who are counted among the indigenous population, making the highest number of Brazilian indigenous people living in the Amazon.
Rivers
The river Amazonas in the state of Amazonas is called Rio Solimões on its longest stretch to the capital Manaus . The largest other rivers are:
- Rio Içá (Río Putumayo)
- Rio Juruá
- Rio Japurá
- Rio Purus
- Rio Negro
- Rio Madeira
- Rio Uaupés
The majority of the Amazon rivers are navigable all year round.
mountains
The highest points in Brazil are in the Amazon; so the Pico da Neblina with 3,014 meters and the Pico 31 de Março with 2,992 meters.
history
The Spaniard Francisco de Orellana is considered to be the discoverer of the area that today makes up the state of Amazonas. The discovery was part of the Gonzalo Pizarro expedition and took place from 1541 to 1542. The region fell into oblivion again until two friars drove the Amazon again and aroused interest in taking possession of it again. Another expedition started in 1637 under Pedro Teixeira . In the same year Philip IV of Spain created the capitania do Cabo do Norte through a royal statute . In 1669 the Forte de São João da Barra do Rio Negro was founded, from which the capital of the Amazon was to develop over the centuries: Manaus.
In 1850 the province of Amazonas was founded in the Empire of Brazil by spinning off the province of Grão-Pará and Manaus was raised to the capital. The province existed until 1889, when the Republic of Brazil was founded in 1889 it became the state of Amazonas.
politics
Since April 4, 2014, José Melo de Oliveira of the Partido do Movimento Democrático Brasileiro (PMDB) took over the office of governor ( Portuguese governador ) and replaced the civil engineer Omar Aziz , who had been in office since March 31, 2010 . Aziz had succeeded Eduardo Braga , under whom he was twice, in the electoral term from 2002 and from 2006, vice governor. In the election of October 3, 2010, Aziz was confirmed in office with 63.9% of the votes.
In the elections in Brazil in 2018 , the Partido Social Cristão (PSC) party, who is considered to be right-wing religious and right-wing populist , Wilson Miranda Lima , nickname Wilson Lima, was elected governor of the state of Amazonas with 58.5% or 1,033,954 of the valid votes.
The legislature is exercised by 24 elected MPs in the Legislative Assembly of Amazon . The state sends 8 federal deputies to the Chamber of Deputies and three federal senators to the federal senate of the national congress .
Culture
Amazonas has had an Academia Amazonense de Letras since 1918 . One of the biggest festivals is the Folclórico de Parintins festival, which takes place annually on the last weekend in June .
In the Amazon federal state , the dialect Amazofonia or Nortista is spoken.
See also
- Department of Amazonas (Colombia)
Web links
- Amazonas Government Website (Brazilian Portuguese)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d IBGE : Amazonas - Panorama .
- ↑ Brazil: States and Major Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather, and Web Information. Retrieved December 22, 2017 .
- ↑ IBGE: Manaus - Panorama . Retrieved September 1, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ a b c d N. N .: Dados on the website of the Amazonas government.
- ↑ IBGE: Parintins - Panorama . Retrieved September 1, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ IBGE: Itacoatiara - Panorama. Retrieved September 1, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ IBGE: Manacapuru - Panorama. Retrieved September 1, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ IBGE: Coari - Panorama. Retrieved September 1, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ IBGE: Tefé - Panorama. Retrieved September 1, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ^ N. N .: História , on the official website of the state government.
- ↑ Governador Omar Aziz ( Memento from September 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Wilson Lima 20 (Governador). In: eleicoes2018.com. Eleições 2018, accessed January 12, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ Eleições 2018 | Wilson Lima Governador 20. In: estadao.com.br. Estadão , accessed January 12, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ^ Ana Paula de Araújo: Dialetos brasileiros. In: infoescola.com. InfoEscola, accessed May 4, 2020 (Brazilian Portuguese).
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