Bazna

Bazna ( German Baaßen or Baassen , Transylvanian-Saxon Baußen , Hungarian Bázna or Felsőbajom ) is a municipality in the Sibiu district in the Transylvania region in Romania .

Geographical location

Location of the Bazna municipality in Sibiu County

The municipality of Bazna is located in the Kokel Valley (Podișul Târnavelor) in the Transylvanian Basin . In the north of the Sibiu district, the place Bazna is located about 15 kilometers northwest of the city of Mediaș (Mediasch) and about 70 kilometers north of the district capital Sibiu ( Hermannstadt ). Bazna can be reached from Mediaș via Drum național 14 , which here crosses the Târnava Mare (Great Kokel) - a source river of the Târnava (Kokel) .

The spa town of Bazna (Bad Baaßen) is located at the foot of the Dealul Înalt mountain ( 599 m ) two kilometers south of the community center.

history

King Stefan V (ruled as King of Hungary 1270-1272) gave the place to the son of Count Bozouch. Baaßen was first mentioned in a document in 1302. In 1359 it was named as a free municipality of the Königsboden as belonging to the Mediascher See . The German colonists first settled on the hill at the rear, later the place developed in the front valley.

In the center of the village they built a fortified church . In 1672 the "burning water of Bazna" was reported for the first time. In this legend it is said that a shepherd made a fire near a spring and that the water was also ignited. In 1752, the chemist George Bette from Sibiu examined the salt springs for the first time . In 1808 the government sent a group of chemists and physicists from Vienna to Baaßen to study the healing properties of the salt and the climate there. The first spa was established in 1843 when four residents of Mediasch founded a company there. It was taken over in 1905 by the Protestant community, which expanded the facilities.

In the course of time the settlement developed into a health resort, as early as 1845 there were 637 bathers. The mineral springs contain chlorine , iodine and bromine . The most famous product is the so-called Baaßen salt. The holiday areas are located at the foot of the hills near the oak and beech forests.

population

The population of the municipality of Bazna developed as follows:

census		Ethnic composition
year	population	Romanians	Hungary	German	other
1850	3,557	1,884	15th	1383	275
1941	5,456	2,600	160	2,009	687
1977	5,365	3,300	149	1,278	638
2002	3,911	2,576	136	26th	1,173
2011	3,792	2,425	86	29	1,252 (Roma 1,079)

Since 1850, the highest number of inhabitants and at the same time that of Romanians and Romanian Germans in 1941 were registered in the area of today's municipality. The highest number of Magyars (274) was recorded in 1910 and Roma (1170) in 2002.

Attractions

The Protestant fortified church in Baaßen , built in the 14th century, and part of the community center are under monument protection.
The fortified church in Boian (Bonnesdorf) , built in the 14th century and rebuilt in 1825, is a listed building.
The fortified church in Velț (Wölz) , built at the end of the 14th century, rebuilt in 1881, today a ruin and the Protestant rectory built in the 18th century, are listed as historical monuments.