Landeck Castle (Baden)

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Landeck Castle
Landeck Castle - view from the west

Landeck Castle - view from the west

Alternative name (s): Schadelandeck
Creation time : around 1269
Castle type : Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status: ruin
Standing position : Nobles, counts
Construction: Quarry stone masonry
Place: Teningen- Landeck
Geographical location 48 ° 8 '57.5 "  N , 7 ° 50' 25.4"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 8 '57.5 "  N , 7 ° 50' 25.4"  E
Height: 285  m above sea level NN
Landeck Castle (Baden-Württemberg)
Landeck Castle

The Burg Landeck , even malicious Elan deck called, is the ruin of a Spur castle at 285  m above sea level. NN on a limestone rock in the village of the same name Landeck, a district of Teningen , north of the city of Emmendingen in the district of Emmendingen in Baden-Württemberg . The ruin is one of the few well-preserved ruins in the Breisgau .

history

The time of origin of the upper and lower castle can be dated to around 1269. In 1260 "Dietrich, the Vogt von Landecke", a follower of the Lords von Geroldseck , is mentioned in a document. In 1277 the castle came into the joint ownership of the brothers Heinrich and Walther von Geroldseck. In 1298 it was besieged by Count Egino II of Freiburg and the citizens of Freiburg , in 1300 it came from Heinrich von Geroldseck to the Freiburg citizen Johann Snewlin via the Order of St. John . There is a “little town” near the castle, which went down again before 1400. The castle chapel of St. Katharina was first mentioned in 1315 by the co-owner Heinrich von Rappoltstein . In 1354 Konrad Snewlin called himself " Schnewlin von Landeck " for the first time , from 1394 Hanmann Snewlin von Landeck lived in the castle with his cousin Heinrich von Wiesneck. In the same year Snewelin pledged half of the castle to him, namely the "lower castle" including the goat barn, bakery and the cellar under the chapel. In 1428 Hanmann's three sons shared the castle. In 1490 Anthony and Bastian Snewlin von Landeck litigated about the division of the castle, eight years later the indebted Landeck family had to take Margrave Christoph von Baden 's fiefdom . In 1511 Bastian Snewlin von Landeck sold half of the castle to his feudal lord, the Margrave of Baden . In 1525 the castle was destroyed by rebellious farmers and not rebuilt. Margrave Ernst von Baden bought the rest of the castle site with the village of Köndringen in 1538 .

description

Landeck Castle floor plan. The picture numbers in the sketch refer to the corresponding photos in the " Photos " section.

The castle complex was divided into an upper and a lower castle. The upper castle presents itself as a roughly longitudinally rectangular system, which is surrounded on all sides by a circular wall . The main building of the upper castle is a tall, tower-like palace , the most representative part of the castle. It had four floors with three chimneys and rich windows, especially on the north side, its front side (Fig. 2 and 7). Three sides of the palace are formed by the curtain wall, the south side faces the former courtyard. The upper one is separated from the lower castle by a section ditch that is now only shallow .

The roughly triangular lower castle is also dominated by a wide hall (20 × 10 meters) with late Romanesque and early Gothic double windows (Fig. 13). A castle chapel with a Gothic choir arch , windows with a ribbed vault and console figures is attached to its narrow northeastern side (Fig. 8).

Immediately to the west of the two parts of the castle, remains of masonry indicate a presumable outer bailey.

photos

  • Image 1: View of the north side and the east gable side of the Palas of the Upper Castle. The high curtain wall adjoins the gable side of the main building, with the lower castle chapel on the left in the background.

  • Image 2: The north side, the front side of the upper castle's hall, with a large relief arch over a cliff

  • Photo 3: Structure of the castle on a rock on the north side with a close-up of the relief arch

  • Fig. 4: Bridging and stabilization of a crack in the bedrock by another relief arch on the eastern gable side of the upper castle's palas

  • Image 5: Structure of the north-east corner of the upper castle's palace on the grown rock, the rock merges directly into the castle wall

  • Image 6: View of the eastern gable wall of the upper castle's palas with corner blocks. The high curtain wall follows on the left

  • Fig. 7: Interior view of the south side of the upper castle's palas. In the foreground on the left a part of the castle courtyard, on the right the eastern curtain wall

  • Photo 8: View of the lower castle chapel with the high Gothic choir arches and the rib vaulting visible in the background

  • Image 9: View of the interior and the north-west side with the horizontal beaded cornice of the Palas of the lower castle. In the background, the castle chapel, which protrudes slightly from the wall, adjoins the palas

  • Fig. 10: Interior view of the north-eastern narrow side with two chimneys and passage to the chapel, and the eastern, slightly curved eaves side of the palas of the lower castle

  • Image 11: Double window on the north-west side, the visible side of the Palas of the lower castle. The walls are made of red sandstone

  • Image 12: Interior view of the eastern, slightly curved eaves side of the Palas of the lower castle

  • Image 13: View of the north-west side, the visible side of the hall of the lower castle, with the horizontal beaded cornice and the windows. The castle chapel, which protrudes slightly from the wall, is immediately adjacent to the palas on the left

  • Image 14: View of the east side of the castle chapel, with the passage that leads under the chapel to the basement of the palas of the lower castle and is blocked here

  • Photo 15: View of the north and west side of the upper castle's palas

literature

  • Franz Xaver Kraus : The art monuments of the Grand Duchy of Baden , Volume 6, Tübingen 1904, pp. 184-189 ( digitized version of the Heidelberg University Library ).
  • Stefan King: Landeck castle ruins, Teningen municipality. East wall of the Palas of the Upper Castle. Results of building research. In: Erik Beck, Eva-Maria Butz, Martin Strotz, Alfons Zettler , Thomas Zotz (eds.): Burgen im Breisgau. Aspects of castle and rulership in a supra-regional comparison, (Archeology and History, Vol. 18), Ostfildern 2012, pp. 343–348.
  • Ralf Ritter, Karl-Bernhard Knappe: The Landeck. A castle of the Geroldsecker family. In: Geroldsecker Land 30 (1988), pp. 17-43.
  • Christian Stahmann: "Once a famous place of pilgrimage ...". On the history of the Wöpplinsberg and the Landeck castle chaplain in the 12th to 14th centuries. In: s'Eige show. Yearbook of the district of Emmendingen for culture and history 21 (2007), ISBN 3-926556-22-6 , pp. 57–90.
  • Max Miller , Gerhard Taddey (ed.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 6: Baden-Württemberg (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 276). 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-520-27602-X , p. 445.
  • Arthur Hauptmann: Castles then and now - castles and castle ruins in southern Baden and neighboring areas, Volume 2 . Verlag Südkurier, Konstanz 1987, ISBN 3-87799-075-4 , pp. 32-34.
  • Alfons Zettler, Thomas Zotz: The castles in medieval Breisgau, I. Northern part: Half volume LZ , (Archeology and History, Vol. 15), Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2006, ISBN 3-7995-7365-8 , p. 257– 271.

Web links

Commons : Burgruine Landeck  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Colmar Annals