Lübeck Airport
Lübeck-Blankensee Airport |
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|---|---|
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| Characteristics | |
| ICAO code | EDHL |
| IATA code | LBC |
| Coordinates | |
| Height above MSL | 16 m (52 ft ) |
| Transport links | |
| Distance from the city center | 8 km south of Lübeck |
| Street |
 
|
| train | Lübeck Airport RE 83 stop |
| Local transport | City bus ( SL ) line 6 |
| Basic data | |
| opening | 1917 |
| operator | Stöcker Flughafen GmbH & Co. KG |
| Terminals | 1 |
| Passengers | 127,000 (2015) |
| Flight movements |
6,588 (2015) |
| Employees | approx. 70 (August 2020) |
| Start-and runway | |
| 07/25 | 2102 m × 60 m asphalt |
| website | |
| https://www.flughafen-luebeck.de/ | |
The traffic Lübeck Airport is a regional airport in Schleswig-Holstein .
Location and transport links
The airport is located eight kilometers south of the city of Lubeck . He can be reached
- by car: via federal highway 1 → federal highway 20 (exit Lübeck-Süd)
- By train: With the regional express RE83 in the direction of Lüneburg to the Lübeck airport stop ; Hourly connections to Lübeck Hbf, Kiel Hbf, Büchen and Lüneburg (approx. 300 meters to the terminal)
- with the bus , from the central bus station prior to the main station with the city traffic Lübeck (SL) bus 6 to the airport
Airport facility
The runway is 2102 meters long. The airport has ICAO category seven fire protection, high-performance lighting and is equipped in landing direction 25 for instrument approaches according to all-weather flight operation level ILS CAT I and in landing direction 07 according to CAT II.
An airport fire department is, as required for airports of this size, at the airport ready.
history
Beginnings
During the First World War , construction of the airfield began in 1916, and in 1917 it was completed and put into operation. The royal Prussian "Aviation School Lübeck" started its flight operations. After the end of the war, the airfield was demilitarized , halls and buildings were gradually demolished until the 1920s. The airfield was only used sporadically, from 1926 the Lübeck Aviation Association held annual flight days until 1929.
After 1933 and initiated upgrade the Wehrmacht Blankensee again became an air base of the Air Force ; extensive barracks were built as early as 1935. In 1936, when the square was largely completed, the II./St.G. 162 (traditional name Immelmann ) installed here and in 1937 in I./St.G. 167 renamed. In 1938 the Stuka Group moved to Graz , Austria, while renaming it I./St.G. 168. At the same time, I./KG 257 moved from Zerbst to Blankensee; in May 1939 it became I./KG 26 Löwengeschwader . After the outbreak of war in 1939, I./KG 26 moved to the front, and from 1940 the squadron trained junior crews in IV./KG 26 in Blankensee. In May 1940 the Luftwaffe used Blankensee for the so-called " Operation Weser Exercise ", the invasion of Denmark and Norway.
The shipyard in Blankensee was from 1940/1941 a repair facility for the Heinkel aircraft factory in Rostock. From 1944 onwards, Blankensee was used most intensively in its history: night fighter units ( III./NJG 5 , 10./NJG 11), combat and hunting units ( II./KG 3 , III./KG 40 , III./KG 76 , III./KG 200 ; 10./NJG 11), partly equipped with the world's first jet fighters ( Ar 234 and Me 262), gradually moved here. In the summer of 1944 the runway was concreted at around 1800 m; Forced laborers had to help with the construction. These were housed in their own camps on the air base premises and in Wulfsdorf. The last flights started on May 2, 1945, the day on which British troops marched into Lübeck.
After the Second World War
After the end of the war, the British Air Force of Occupation used the Lübeck-Blankensee airport, initially designated by the Allies as Airfield B.158 ; Lübeck was in the British zone of occupation . At the beginning there were still flying units, such as the 124th Wing (squadron), which was disbanded at the end of April 1946. As early as the end of 1945, RAF Lübeck was a station for weapons training courses for squadrons from the United Kingdom. British air sovereignty continued until German reunification in 1990. In 1948, after the beginning of the Soviet Berlin blockade , 30 DC-3 "Dakota" of the Royal Air Force were stationed. During the Berlin blockade, they flew up to 100 missions a day as part of the airlift, bringing coal to Berlin and refugees to the West. In addition to Lübeck-Blankensee, the Berlin Airlift u. a. from Hamburg, Frankfurt and Wunstorf made possible. The advantage of the Lübeck airfield: it had a direct rail connection since the construction of the railway line to Lüneburg in the 1850s. The cargo of the wagons could be reloaded almost directly onto aircraft. The tracks running inside the airport were dismantled around 1960. The loading ramp and the former cargo building can still be seen today. On March 24, 1949, a Dakota crashed while approaching in what was then the Soviet zone, near the town of Selmsdorf . Three crew members and seven passengers were killed. Remnants of this machine were found in a wooded area in the 1990s. A memorial stone placed on the right in front of the check-in hall commemorates the operations of the Royal Australian Air Force during the Berlin blockade . It shows the Berlin bear and a plaque with German and English inscriptions.
At the beginning of the 1950s, the Allies allowed glider flights from Lübeck Airport. The Lübeck Aero Club was the operator of the airfield, owned by the Federal Property Administration . From May 5, 1955, civil powered flights were also allowed. The Lübeck Aviation Association , founded in 1908, was reactivated and has been running its own flight school for more than 50 years. In cooperation with the glider pilots of the Aeroclub, flight days and open days have been organized since 1956.
Since the Cold War era , targeting aircraft of various types and generations had been stationed in Blankensee for about fifty years. As part of NATO membership, the Bundeswehr needed target display aircraft for air defense exercises, FlAk and Rak. It began in the mid-1950s with single-seat Mk IX type Spitfire aircraft, former British fighter planes operated by the Belgian company COGEA and by Pilots with a Belgian pilot license were flown. These Belgian Spitfires were replaced at the end of the 1950s by the German - civil - approved two-seater Hawker Sea Fury FB 20, operated by the German Aviation Consulting Service (DLB). Officially, the owner was the Federal Property Administration, de facto the Air Force. Some of the “Belgian” Spitfire pilots now flew with a German license for the DLB. At the beginning of March 1964, after a raid on the head office in Wiesbaden and in the air yard at Cologne / Bonn Airport, the public prosecutor was charged with fraud in the millions. The entire Lübeck DLB staff was taken over by the Rhein-West-Flug company from Mönchengladbach; flight operations continued seamlessly. What became of the criminal and "civil" trials against the DLB has not been handed down in terms of sources. In 1975/1976 the now outdated and long “flown out” Sea Furies were exchanged for brand new American Rockwell OV-10 Bronco . The Federal Republic of Germany was the official owner of the Broncos. They had Air Force livery, but civilian plates. These machines were flown by civilian crews from various contractors. The Broncos were supplemented by four IAI Westwind II jets from 1980 and replaced in 1989 by a squadron of brand new Swiss Pilatus PC-9s . The aircraft took off from Lübeck to target anti-aircraft firing ranges and naval units in restricted military areas in the North and Baltic Seas. Because the Lübeck airport was right on the inner-German border , only unarmed aircraft could be used from Lübeck due to the four-power statute. Landing approaches from the east sometimes had to be made from a left turn due to the GDR border for fast aircraft. In about fifty years of targeting, at least 100,000, probably more likely 200,000 operations were carried out from Lübeck. Today the target actors operate from Kiel , Hohn near Rendsburg and Wittmund , East Friesland. The ex-Lübeck PC-9, which have been based in Kiel-Holtenau for several years now, continue to fly under a service contract for the German armed forces or air force, the so-called "low, slow target display", while a squadron of Learjets operated by the EADS subsidiary GFD, - formerly in the ADAC's own "Aerodienst" group, - supplies the high target representation for the Bundeswehr, i.e. NATO.
On May 31, 1987, a Cessna Citation 501 of the charter company "Travel Air" coming from Cologne / Bonn Airport crashed in Blankensee with the Schleswig-Holstein Prime Minister Uwe Barschel on board. After a failed approach in bad weather around 11 p.m., the aircraft in front of the runway broke and burned out. The jet had flown too low and thus collided with the NDB antenna mast. The point of impact was on the airport premises, a few meters east of the railway line, shortly before the start of runway 07 from the west. At the time of the accident there was neither an instrument landing system (ILS) nor its own radar monitoring or flight guidance in Lübeck. The Lübeck flight coordinators at that time - official title: State Commissioner for Aviation Supervision - had no authority on the tower. Both pilots were killed on impact, Barschel's bodyguard died shortly afterwards, and Barschel survived seriously injured.
After reunification
After reunification, the airport was used by charter airlines. In 1997 a new arrival terminal was built.
In 2000 Ryanair started with connections to London-Stansted . Due to its proximity to the A 1 / A 20, the airport quickly developed into the largest passenger airport in Schleswig-Holstein and the second airport in the region around Hamburg next to Hamburg's Fuhlsbüttel airport . Due to the connection to the "Ostseautobahn", Lübeck Airport is also important for the neighboring West Mecklenburg and northern Lower Saxony .
In 2005 the city of Lübeck sold the majority of the shares in the airport to the New Zealand company Infratil , which wanted to expand the airport. Ryanair announced that it will build a second German base with four Boeing 737s. With 42 take-offs and landings a day, Ryanair wanted to fly to thirteen additional destinations in Europe from 2006 onwards. A flight plan extension was called into question by a decision by the Schleswig Higher Administrative Court in July 2005 following a lawsuit by the environmental organizations NABU and BUND , including violations of EU law. Areas in the immediate vicinity have been reported to the European Union by the state government of Schleswig-Holstein as fauna and flora habitats .
In 2006 Infratil presented a new concept for the airport expansion. According to this, the runway should now be extended by 120 meters by including part of the aborted take-off section, and at the other end the runway should be widened to 90 meters, so that a kind of "turning hammer" is created that enables the aircraft to close faster turn around and leave the train faster. Infratil abandoned the old plan approval procedure, which failed in court in 2005. Lübeck-Blankensee Airport has never been given a plan, which was not necessary when it was built in the 1930s and 1940s. Instead, the airport relies on a fictitious plan approval under Section 71 LuftVG; However, this only applies to the construction and expansion measures that were carried out up to January 1, 1959.
With the release of the new federal highway 207n in December 2007, the airport received direct access from the A 20 via the new Lübeck-Süd / Flughafen exit, so that the travel time via the A 1 from Hamburg in particular is significantly reduced.
At the end of January 2008, the airport and the nature conservation associations announced that, as part of a mediation process, they had agreed to set up a foundation to protect the areas surrounding the airport. In addition, the airport modified the plan approval application to include a number of points that run counter to nature conservation. The taxiway through the nature reserve was no longer needed, and parking spaces near the nature reserve were relocated to less sensitive areas.
On February 6, 2008, the airport submitted the plan approval application with these modifications in the presence of a delegation from Lübeck associations and institutions. The new procedure included extending the runway to the west by 60 meters, moving threshold 07 by 120 meters to the west, extending it by 95 meters to the east with the construction of a turning hammer, an ILS CAT II for approaches to the east, a new terminal building and an apron for ten aircraft. The ministry promised that the application would be processed quickly within one year. At the end of October 2009, however, Infratil withdrew from its involvement at Lübeck Airport due to poor traffic figures. After returning the shares, the Hanseatic City of Lübeck was now the sole shareholder of Flughafen Lübeck GmbH . Against this background, the majority of Lübeck's citizens (SPD, Greens and LINKE) refused further financial support in their plenary meetings in October and November 2009 if a new investor did not buy the airport in January / February 2010. After more than 56,000 people for a public petition had signed, the citizens financial security decided end of January 2010 the airport by the end of October. The vote on the subsequent referendum on April 25, 2010 resulted in a majority of the citizens of Lübeck in favor of the continued existence of Lübeck Airport. This ensured continued operation as a commercial airport until the end of 2012 and created a larger time window for the search for further investors.
Economic development
Lübeck Airport only gained significant economic importance after the start of regular Ryanair connections in 2000; In the years before that, the number of passengers stayed well below 100,000 per year. At the same time, however, the losses at the airport began to increase significantly. The 2007/2008 financial year ended with a loss of 6.094 million euros. Officials justified the losses with the provision of capacities for currently a few departures per day. The German competitors - above all Air Berlin - suspected a hidden subsidy from Ryanair and filed a lawsuit against it. Although the judiciary found inconsistencies, Air Berlin, as a competitor, is not entitled to inspect secret contracts and to demand repayment of the subsidies. The European Commission has been examining since mid-2007 whether the discounts for Ryanair and the assumption of the losses by the city were illegal cross-subsidization .
In the summer months of 2009, passenger numbers rose again, apparently even against the trend in the region. On the basis of the figures for 2010, however, the airport's situation was judged to be more pessimistic. The ash cloud from Iceland was cited as one of the causes . In 2011 a deficit of 6.23 million euros was generated, the highest loss in the history of the airport. Should no new investor be found by the end of 2012, the airport could no longer be financially supported and for this reason it would be closed.
On November 29, 2012, the city's red-red-green coalition broke up when it became apparent that there would be no majority for the planned sale to the German-Egyptian Mohamad Rady Amar. He planned investments of around 20 million euros for the following years.
In June 2013 Lübeck Airport got a new logo.
In April 2014 it became known that Radymar had sold its shares in the operating company "3Y Logistic und Projektmanagement". The new management could not be reached by the Lübeck authorities. On April 23, 2014, the airport filed for bankruptcy . At the same time, the operating company filed for bankruptcy. After the bankruptcy opened, it was announced in July 2014 that the Hong Kong-based PuRen Group would take over the airport. The CDU politician Markus Matthießen was appointed managing director of the property company .
At the Paris Air Show in 2015 it became known that the pure group seven Comac C919 and seven Comac ARJ21 -700 of COMAC wanted to buy. In fact, neither the group had a license as an airline nor the aircraft had a license.
In the months of May, June and July 2015, the airport operator did not make its lease payments to the Hanseatic city. This gave the Hanseatic city the formal opportunity to terminate the lease with the operating company without notice.
On September 30, 2015, the operating company PuRen Germany GmbH filed an application to open insolvency proceedings.
On April 17, 2016, the last airline ( Wizz Air ) that offered scheduled flights from Lübeck Airport switched to Hamburg Airport .
The entrepreneur Winfried Stöcker , founder and head of the Lübeck company Euroimmun , has been the owner of the airport via a property company since June 2016 . The citizens of Lübeck approved the purchase agreement on June 30, 2016.
Supporters and opponents of the airport
Despite the comparatively small size and the low volume of traffic, around 1000 supporters and opponents of the airport are organized in various associations. An “airport advisory board”, which was set up in 1998 and reactivated in mid-2007, is intended to promote the exchange of views between the camps.
The “Check-In Lübeck” association sees itself as a lobby for airport users, whether private individuals or business travelers. The development association calls for the establishment of a domestic German line connection and supported the planning approval process for the expansion of the airport. Since 1999, marketing campaigns have been initiated, financed and carried out in cooperation with Flughafen GmbH and the Hanseatic City of Lübeck , such as welcome campaigns for arriving guests on new flight connections or location advertising in Gdansk and Stockholm. Both private individuals and regional companies belong to the association. This dissolved itself at its general meeting in September 2013 at the end of 2013.
The association “Pro-Airport-Lübeck” sees itself as a representation of the “critical” airport users. He advocates an expansion that takes into account the interests of nature and the residents, as he sees the economic necessity and the opportunities of expansion and the effects to be expected from it. The association is available to both the airlines and the airport as a constructive partner and intends to make constructive suggestions for correcting or avoiding any undesirable developments in the future planning in the interest of residents, passengers and the environment. The club also argues against the airport opponents.
The airport's opponents are essentially organized in the “Protection Association against Aircraft Noise Lübeck and Surroundings”. They try to reach their interests with regard to noise protection primarily through information events, information about Noise Day and active press work. The main focus of the work of the aircraft noise opponents is the town of Groß Grönau , some streets of which are directly in the approach lane. The main objective of the aircraft noise opponents is to prevent night flights and cargo flights with larger aircraft and to prevent exposure to pollution every two minutes. The arguments cited are losses in the value of the property, health problems and fundamental concerns about the profitability of the entire project.
There are also various local interest groups, such as the “No to airport expansion” alliance, which wants to prevent airport expansion at the expense of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck and municipal funds. The alliance works with the protection community against aircraft noise. While airport proponents assume that the airport will be expanded at an estimated cost of four million euros, those opposed to the airport see costs of around 60 million euros coming to the Hanseatic city of Lübeck. For this reason, the alliance wants to prevent an expansion with municipal funds from the budget of the highly indebted city of Lübeck. One fears a subsequent savings plan by the city, which could fall victim to social benefits or the money for baths and theaters.
Scheduled air traffic
After the end of scheduled air traffic in 2016, scheduled flights have been operating again since August 17, 2020. These are carried out by the airport's own Lübeck Air . There are two daily flights to Munich and one flight to Stuttgart and back. Due to the restrictions in air traffic caused by the COVID-19 pandemic , the start of scheduled flights had to be postponed from June to August 17, 2020.
Traffic figures
| year | Passenger volume | Flight movements |
|---|---|---|
| 2007 | 612.858 | 17,478 |
| 2008 | 544,339 | 17,281 |
| 2009 | 697,559 | 18,202 |
| 2010 | 537.835 | 18,529 |
| 2011 | 344.068 | 21,990 |
| 2012 | 359.974 | 23,245 |
| 2013 | 352,000 (commercial) | 8,048 (commercial) |
| 2014 | 169,000 (commercial) | 7,130 (commercial) |
| 2015 | 127,000 (commercial) | 6,588 (commercial) |
Airlines and Destinations
Tour operators will be operating charter flights to various holiday destinations from September 2020.
Lübeck Air
The airline Lübeck Air is a 100 percent subsidiary of the Lübeck airport. It has two aircraft of its own, a Dassault Falcon 7X private jet for charter and business flights and an ATR 72-500 aircraft . Both aircraft are operated and serviced by the Danish Air Alsie .
With the ATR72 Lübeck Air flies the routes from Lübeck to Munich and Stuttgart . The machine has 60 seats. This means that the seat spacing in the cabin is greater than with other airlines.
Incidents
- On March 22, 1949, a Douglas DC-3 / C-47B of the Royal Air Force ( aircraft registration KJ970) was flown into the ground three kilometers south-east during an instrument approach (Blind Approach Beacon System) to Lübeck Airport. All three crew members of the machine coming from Berlin-Gatow were killed.
- On May 31, 1987, shortly before the start of the election campaign for the state elections in 1987 , an airplane with Uwe Barschel and a security officer as the only passengers crashed while approaching the Blankensee. The pilot Michael Heise and the copilot Elisabeth Friske died on the spot, Barschel's security officer in the hospital a few days later. Barschel survived and was hospitalized with serious injuries. A few weeks later he was released and campaigned.
See also
literature
- Alexander Steenbeck: LBC - Lübeck-Blankensee. From the pilot station to the regional airport. The history of Lübeck Airport since 1916. Steintor-Verlag, Lübeck 2002, ISBN 3-9801506-7-4 .
- Alexander Steenbeck: The dark years. Lübeck-Blankensee Airport in the 1930s and 40s. Self-published, Lübeck 2009 (5th edition), ISBN 978-3-00-025748-3 .
- Alexander Steenbeck: The track of the lion. The way of the lion squadron through Europe. Self-published, 2nd edition, Lübeck 2013, ISBN 978-3-00-038734-0 .
- Alexander Steenbeck: 100 years of Blankensee. The ups and downs of Lübeck Airport. Self-published, Lübeck 2016, ISBN 978-3-00-053574-1 .
Web links
- Official website of Lübeck Airport
- Photo reports on the history of the airport. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; accessed on August 15, 2018 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )
- Photo reports Airportbus A20 of VHH / PVG: online timetable. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; accessed on August 15, 2018 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )
- Lübeck Aviation Association since 1908
- How raisin bombers helped the Berliners
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Fachserie 8 series 6.1. Federal Statistical Office, March 16, 2016, accessed on December 5, 2016 .
- ↑ flughafen-luebeck.de: JOB_Bodenverkehrsdienste.pdf , accessed on August 18, 2020
- ↑ Pilotenvereinigung Cockpit reprimands Lübeck Airport ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Lübecker Nachrichten, June 27, 2012
- ↑ according to Article 198 of the Treaty of Versailles
- ^ Bill Taylor: Royal Air Force Germany . Midland Publishing, Hinckley / England 2003, ISBN 1-85780-034-6 , pp. 24/202 f .
- ^ Harry Kleinschmidt: Aviation in Lübeck
- ^ Der Spiegel of March 11, 1964
- Jump up ↑ 1987 during the rescue of the then Prime Minister Uwe Barschel
- ^ Pleas in law by NABU and BUND against the airport ( Memento from May 14, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Protection community against aircraft noise in Lübeck - laws / judgments
- ^ Protection community against aircraft noise in Lübeck - economic data
- ↑ Kai Dordowski: Record loss for Blankensee Airport In: Lübecker Nachrichten of March 26, 2009, p. 1
- ↑ Blankensee: Legal failure for Air Berlin ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , in: Lübecker Nachrichten
- ^ State aid proceedings against German airports , in: Handelsblatt
- ↑ 43 percent more passengers at Lübeck Airport. shz.de, January 5, 2010, accessed on August 1, 2010 .
- ↑ Kai Dordowsky: Three months after the decision: Airport in limbo. (No longer available online.) Lübecker Nachrichten online, August 1, 2010, formerly in the original ; Retrieved August 1, 2010 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Martin Randelhoff: Total loss of the eighteen German regional airports in 2012: 152.31 million euros. Future Mobility, September 30, 2014, accessed September 30, 2017 .
- ^ Subsidies: The dying of regional airports. Retrieved October 29, 2012 .
- ^ Vortex around Lübeck Airport. , airliners.de of November 29, 2012, accessed on November 29, 2012
- ↑ New logo for Lübeck Airport
- ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt April 16, 2014 "Lübeck fears about the airport again"
- ^ After leadership chaos: Lübeck Airport insolvent. Focus Money Online, April 23, 2014, accessed September 30, 2017 .
- ^ Matthias Popien: Chinese investor buys Lübeck-Blankensee Airport. Hamburger Abendblatt, July 2, 2014, accessed on September 20, 2017 .
- ^ Josephine von Zastrow and Kai Dordowsky: Lübeck's citizenship approves airport deal with Chinese. Lübecker Nachrichten, July 10, 2014, accessed on September 20, 2017 .
- ↑ Ch-aviation : German start-up PuRen Airlines eyes C919s, ARJ21s (English), accessed on June 19, 2015
- ^ Josephine von Zastrow: City threatens airport operators with termination without notice. Lübecker Nachrichten online, July 15, 2015, accessed on July 15, 2015 .
- ^ Josephine von Zastrow: Lübeck Airport files for bankruptcy. Lübecker Nachrichten online, September 30, 2015, accessed on September 30, 2015 .
- ↑ The last airline is turning its back on Lübeck. In: n-tv.de. n-tv, March 17, 2016, accessed March 17, 2016 .
- ^ NDR: Lübeck Airport: New owner - new hope. In: www.ndr.de. Retrieved June 14, 2016 .
- ↑ jvz: sold Lubeck Airport . In: Lübecker Nachrichten of July 1, 2016, p. 6.
- ↑ Airport Advisory Board : Second meeting
- ↑ HL-Live - First meeting of the airport advisory board ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ With Lübeck Air scheduled flights are starting again from Lübeck. In: airliners.de. August 17, 2020, accessed August 18, 2020 .
- ↑ Lübeck Air postpones planned start. (PDF; 117 KB) In: Lübeck Airport. May 2, 2020, accessed May 28, 2020 .
- ↑ a b Association of German Airports (ADV) - monthly statistics 12/2010 ( Memento from July 6, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 130 kB)
- ↑ a b Flughafen Lübeck GmbH monthly statistics 2011 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 81 kB)
- ↑ a b Flughafen Lübeck GmbH M monthly statistics 2012 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 87 kB)
- ↑ a b Fachserie 8 series 6.1. Federal Statistical Office, November 10, 2014, accessed on December 5, 2016 .
- ↑ a b Fachserie 8 series 6.1. Federal Statistical Office, February 25, 2015, accessed on December 5, 2016 .
- ↑ Travel offers - Lübeck Airport DE. Stöcker Airport GmbH & CO. KG, accessed on July 22, 2020 .
- ↑ accident report DC-3 KJ970 , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on January 26 of 2019.
- ^ Lübecker Nachrichten : Airplane fire at Lübeck-Blankensee airfield , June 2, 1987
- ↑ May 31, 1987 - Uwe Barschel survived a plane crash: accident or assassination attempt? Record date, WDR, May 31, 2012
