Nona Gaprindashvili

Nona Gaprindaschwili, Bad Liebenzell 1995
Association	Georgia
Born	May 3, 1941 Zugdidi , Soviet Union
title	International Master of Women (1961) Grand Master of Women (1976) International Master (1962) Grand Master (1978)
world champion	1962 to 1978
Current  Elo rating	2270 (December 2019)
Best Elo rating	2495 (July 1987)
Tab at the FIDE (English)

Nona Gaprindashvili Senior World Champion 1995

Nona Gaprindashvili ( Georgia ნონა გაფრინდაშვილი , Russian Нона Терентьевна Гаприндашвили , transcribed Nona Gaprindashvili Terentjewna ; * 3. May 1941 in Zugdidi , Samegrelo , then Georgian SSR of the Soviet Union ) is a Georgian chess player . She started for the USSR until the independence of Georgia in 1991. She is the first woman to achieve the grandmaster title .

resume

When she was five years old, she learned to play chess from her older brothers. At 15 she became champion of Tbilisi and Georgia. At the age of 19, she won the tournament in Vrnjačka Banja in 1961 ; in the same year she obtained the title of International Master of Women (WIM).

She was world chess champion from 1962 to 1978 . She won her first title with a competitive win (+7 = 4 −0) against Jelisaveta Bykowa . Because of this success, she received the title of International Master from FIDE in 1962 . She defended her title in four competitions at the women's world championship, which was held in cycles of several years, three times against Alla Kuschnir ( 1965 with +7 = 3 -3, in 1969 with +6 = 5 -2 and 1972 with +5 = 7 -4 ), and finally in 1975 against Nana Alexandria with +8 = 1 −3. It wasn't until 1978 that she finally lost the title with +2 = 9 −4 against Maia Chiburdanidze .

The first woman, she won the 1978 Grandmaster title after her 1976 FIDE the title Grand Master of the women had given.

Gaprindashvili studied English at the Tbilisi State University . In 1975 she was a member of the Supreme Soviet of the Georgian SSR. They and Alexandria were so popular in Georgia that even perfumes were named after them with "Nana" and "Nona", which were sold in flacons in the shape of chess pieces. The Tbilisi chess club is also called NTN Tbilisi after the abbreviations for the first names of the two players and of ex-world champion Tigran Petrosjan .

In 1966 she received the Order of Lenin for her chess achievements . In 1990 she was made an honorary member of the world chess federation FIDE . From 1989 to 1996 Nona Gaprindashvili was President of the National Olympic Committee of Georgia , became Honorary President of the NOKG in 1996 and a member of the Tbilisi City Council in 2002.

Chess tournaments

Kazakhstan - Georgia, 10th round of the 1992 Chess Olympiad in Manila, on board 2 the game Nona Gaprindashvili - Elvira (Berend-) Sakhatova

• Nona Gaprindashvili won the B group of the Hastings chess tournament in 1963/64 (together with Ove Kinmark), the Lone Pine Open in 1977 (together with Juri Balaschow , Óscar Panno and Dragutin Šahović ), the tournament in Reggio nell'Emilia in 1982/83 and the B group of the Hoogovens tournament in Wijk aan Zee 1987 (together with Iván Faragó and Luc Winants ).
• In 1974 she won third place at the Dortmund Chess Days .
• She won the women's championship of the Soviet Union 5 times (1964, 1973, 1981 (together with Nana Iosseliani ), 1983 and 1985).
• She won the Georgia Women's Championship 4 times: 1956, 1959, 1960 and 1961.
• From 1979 to 1988 she successfully participated in the qualifying tournaments for the World Cup for women.
• In 1982 she won the interzonal tournament in Bad Kissingen .
• She won the Senior World Championships for women in 1995 in Bad Liebenzell , 2009 in Condino , 2014 in Katerini , 2015 in Acqui Terme , 2016 in Marienbad , 2018 in Bled and 2019 in Bucharest (2014 to 2016, 2018 and 2019 in the age group 65+) .
• In 2011 and 2014 to 2016 she won the Senior European Championship for women (2014 to 2016 in the age group 65+).

National team

Gaprindashvili took part in twelve women's chess Olympiads , 1963 , 1966 , 1969 , 1972 , 1974 , 1978 , 1980 , 1982 , 1984 , 1986 and 1990 with the Soviet Union, 1992 with Georgia. With the team she reached second place in 1990 and won in all other participations, in the individual evaluation she achieved the best result on the first board in 1963, 1966, 1969, 1972 and 1974, 1978 and 1980 on the second board and 1986 on the third board; In 1986 she also achieved the best rating of all participants. She won individual silver medals in 1982 and 1984 on the third board and in 1990 on the second board, and in 1984 she also achieved the third-best rating of all participants. She was used twice in the 1997 World Team Championship.

societies

In the Soviet club championship Gaprindashvili played on the girls' board in 1961, 1964, 1966 and 1968 on the Burewestnik women's board , with whom she won the championship in 1961 and 1968. In 1976, 1980 and 1982 she played on the women's board of the army selection . At the European Club Cup the women she took from 1996 to 1998 with Gosa Smederevska Palanka and won the competition 1997th

Game example

Gaprindashvili - Servaty

	a	b	c	d	e	f	G	H
8th									8th
7th									7th
6th									6th
5									5
4th									4th
3									3
2									2
1									1
	a	b	c	d	e	f	G	H

End position after 17.Qf6

Gaprindashvili played one of her best-known games in 1974 at the Dortmund Chess Festival against Rudolf Servaty. The motif of a double tower sacrifice, already known from the Immortal Game, is used here.

Gaprindashvili - Servaty 1-0

Dortmund, May 1974

Sicilian Defense , B39

1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 g6 5. c4 Bg7 6. Be3 Nf6 7. Nc3 Ng4 8. Qxg4 Nxd4 9. Qd1 e5 10. Nb5 0–0 11. Be2 Qh4 12. Nxd4 exd4 13. Lxd4 dxe4 14 Lxg7 Dxg2 15 Dd4 Dxh1 + 16. Kd2 Dxa1 17 Df6 1: 0 Black resigned because he faced the threat Bh6 besides DG7 matt does not have sufficient defense.

Private

Nona Gaprindaschwili, daughter of Terenti Gaprindaschwili and Vera geb. Grigolis, married Anzor Chichinadze in Tbilisi in December 1969.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Willy Iclicki: FIDE Golden book 1924-2002 . Euroadria, Slovenia, 2002, p. 90.
2. ↑ Willy Iclicki: FIDE Golden book 1924-2002. Euroadria, Slovenia, 2002, pp. 76 and 77. (The entire history of FIDE up to and including 2001, on the occasion of the 2002 Chess Olympiad, published with the support of FIDE President Kirsan Ilyumschinow )
3. ↑ Honorary Members of FIDE (English)
4. ↑ Dortmund Chess Days 1974 from May 3rd to 14th in Dortmund's Westfalenpark
5. ↑ Georgian Ch. Women's Winner ( Memento from September 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), Georgian Chess Federation
6. ↑ Barbara Hund : My way to success . Walter Rau Verlag, 1983, ISBN 3-7919-0216-4 , p. 143.
7. ↑ Gaprindashvili: "I am happy to have become a chess player" In: de.chessbase.com. January 2, 2019, accessed January 13, 2020.
8. ↑ Nona Gaprindashvili's results at the women's chess Olympiads on olimpbase.org (English)
9. ↑ Nona Gaprindaschwili's results at team world championships on olimpbase.org (English)
10. ↑ Nona Gaprindashvili's results at Soviet club championships on olimpbase.org (English)
11. ↑ Nona Gaprindaschwili's results at the European Women's Club Cups on olimpbase.org (English)
12. ↑ the game at chessgames.com. Retrieved April 9, 2015 . 
13. ↑ Elizabeth Sleeman: The International Who's Who of Women 2002, p. 197, Online (accessed April 20, 2015)
14. ↑ Europa-Rochade , May 1986, p. 28.

literature

• Tibor Károlyi: Nona Gaprindashvili . Chess Evolution, Niepolomice 2016, ISBN 978-83-944290-7-2 .

Web links

Commons : Nona Gaprindashvili  - collection of images

• Replayable chess games by Nona Gaprindaschwili on 365Chess.com (English)
• Adolvio Capece: Interview with Nona Gaprindashvili , Rijeka Chess Club, November 22, 2011 (English)