Georg Türke (artist)

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Robert Georg Türke (born November 27, 1884 in Cölln near Meißen, † January 30, 1972 in Meißen ) was a German sculptor , graphic artist and draftsman and medalist .

Life

childhood

Turk was born in Cölln near Meißen as the second of four siblings. His father Robert Ernst Türke was initially a butcher and later worked as an underglaze painter at the Royal Saxon Porcelain Manufactory . He attended the elementary school in Zscheila ; he spent the last three school years at the Pestalozzi elementary school in Meissen. He was already modeling with clay at this time. In 1898 he finished elementary school.

education and study

Georg Türke first attended the drawing and painting school in Meißen. In 1899 he attended the preparatory school of the Royal Saxon Trade School . In 1901 he was accepted into the modeling class of the trade school and studied with Hugo Spieler . At the same time, he completed a few semesters in architecture . In 1904 he moved to the Royal Saxon Art Academy and continued his studies with Karl Heinrich Epler in the upper class for sculptors . After his death in 1905 he was a student of Johannes Schilling . During this time he created his first important bust , which portrayed his mother Agnes.

As a student, he applied for competitions for small sculptures and small exhibitions within the framework of the art academy. At the end of 1906 Schilling retired and Selmar Werner became his new teacher. In the winter semester of 1907, Georg Wrba took over the sculpture class and Georg Türke became his master student. For the academy he designed new award medals , which the academic council awarded for outstanding achievements in large and small in gold , silver or bronze . The medals were minted by the Glaser & Sohn company in Dresden. Around 1910 he received the great silver medal of the art academy. In 1911 he finished his studies.

Career until 1945

In 1911 he began his independent work as a visual artist in Dresden, his studio was at Paul-Gerhardt-Straße 19 in Dresden-Striesen . In the same year he became a member of the Dresden Artists' Association and used their exhibitions to present his own works. He created numerous different architectural sculptures for the buildings of the architects Arthur J. Bohlig, Schilling & Graebner , Karl Kunze, Fred Otto , Wilhelm Kreis , Paul Beckert, W. Schubert and Hans Reissinger . At the end of 1914 his artistic work was interrupted when he was called up to war on the Western Front . In 1916 he suffered serious injuries to his spine in a shell fire . It was not until 1918 that he was released from the hospital and the army. The economic situation forced him to work temporarily in Poland . He later returned to Germany and became a military writer. After 1919 he started his artistic work again.

The city of Dresden enabled him to start over with the redesign of the Westendpark in Dresden-Plauen (now Fichtepark). For nine sculptors returning home from the war it was possible, thanks in part to the generous Bienert Foundation, to improve their existence. So these artists - Oskar Aurich , Arthur Ernst Berger , Paul Lindau , Franz Weschke , Georg Türke, Arthur Selbmann , Paul Polte and Rudolf Gerbert - created a sculpture meadow and open staircases decorated with vases from the plans of the building officer Karl Hirschmann .

During these difficult economic times, memorial plaques, memorials and memorial stones for those who died in the First World War were built in the communities. In 1923, Türke moved his studio to Ammonstrasse  9, an artist house belonging to the Art Academy with several studios. In 1930 he became a member of the Dresden Art Cooperative of the Business Association of Dresden Artists and the Saxon Art Association . In the same year he exhibited for the first time in the Glaspalast in Munich. There he regularly showed his artistic work until 1944. The Schiffahrt / Schifferei factory , a larger-than-life group of figures for the Dresden garden exhibition , was created in 1936 . The end of 1944 he was appointed sergeant for armed forces convened and was on duty in Dresden. During the bombing raids on Dresden on February 13, 1945, he lost all of the works of art in his studio, including his extensive collection of graphics .

Career after 1945

Having become homeless, he moved back to Meißen with his family and initially worked as a gardener. In 1946 he made a fresh start with his artistic work in a small studio at Zscheilaer Straße 13 in Meißen. After his employer's nursery was confiscated by the new rulers, he lost his main livelihood. Nevertheless, a memorial was erected at the Trinity Cemetery in Meißen with his help, which was inaugurated on May 1, 1946 in the presence of numerous Russian officers. In 1952 he made the sandstone figure Pandora as a copy in the Dresden Zwingerhütte for the Humboldt University in Berlin Unter den Linden 6 . In 1958 he designed the memorial for those persecuted by the Nazi regime for the city of Meissen . The memorial was made in the stone quarry of the Roter Granit company. The inauguration took place on June 22, 1958 at Käthe-Kollwitz-Park in Meißen. In 1968 he ended his artistic work for health reasons and gave up his studio. He died at the age of 88 on January 30, 1972 and was buried in the family grave of the Trinity cemetery in Meißen.

plant

Five figures on the administration building of the power station in Bodenbach (1923)

Türke created over 650 works of art in his 60-year period. His work can be found in Dresden, Meißen, Saxony , Germany, Poland, the Czech Republic , Slovakia and France , as well as in many museums and state and private collections. His works were made from wood , ceramics , terracotta , sandstone , marble and metal .

Turk created the following works, among others:

Awards and honors

literature

  • Turk, Georg . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 33 : Theodotos vacation . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1939, p. 474 .
  • Turk, Georg . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists of the XX. Century. tape 4 : Q-U . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1958, p. 481 .
  • Ernst-Günter Knüppel: Georg Türke: 1884–1972, academic sculptor - life and work. Saxon sculpture from Dresden and Meißen. 1st edition. Verlag der Kunst Dresden, Husum 2005, ISBN 3-86530-061-8 .
  • Paul Schumann: The great art exhibition Dresden 1908. In: The art for all. Vol. 23, 1907/08, 1908, pp. 529-540.
  • Exhibition catalog Dresden 1914 IV. Exhibition of the Dresden Artists' Association. May 1914. Emil Richter art exhibition , Prager Strasse.
  • Official catalog, Munich 1930, German Art Exhibition Munich 1930 in the Glaspalast. Organizer Munich Artists' Cooperative, Association of Munich Visual Artists, "Secession" e. V., Munich New Secession e. V., May 30 to early October 1930.
  • Catalog art exhibition Dresden 1936 . Sächsischer Kunstverein Brühlsche Terrasse and Städtische Kunsthalle Lennéstraße, Dresden 1936.
  • Catalog Great Dresden Art Exhibition 1943, painting plastic graphics from October 16 to December 31, in the Saxon Art Association Brühlsche Terrasse (listed as an artist).

Web links

Commons : Georg Türke  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ artist. Georg Turk. German Society for Medal Art, accessed on May 31, 2017 .
  2. ^ Artist biographies of the artist medalists and private mints. (PDF; 133 kB) p. 35 , archived from the original on March 5, 2014 ; accessed on September 27, 2015 .
  3. ↑ a b Jörg Schlechte: Meißen (Käthe-Kollwitz-Park), Saxony. In: Online project fallen memorials. Retrieved September 27, 2015 .
  4. ↑ School history: 1930s. Johann-Heinrich-Pestalozzi-Gymnasium Rodewisch, accessed on September 27, 2015 .
  5. ↑ Redesign of Königsufer: Between political “rallies” and garden design typical of the time. In: das-neue-dresden.de. Retrieved September 27, 2015 .
personal data
SURNAME Turk, Georg
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Turk, Robert Georg
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German sculptor
DATE OF BIRTH November 27, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Cölln (Meissen)
DATE OF DEATH January 30, 1972
Place of death Meissen