Large Rostock City School
The Large City School Rostock was a humanistic grammar school that existed in Rostock from 1580 to 2005 for the time being, with an interruption during the GDR era. It went up today in the Rostock inner-city high school on Goetheplatz after merging with the Goethe high school .
Surname
The term “ large city school ” sets it apart from the “small” city schools, in which elementary knowledge and a little Latin were taught in the 16th century. These existed at the four parish churches in Rostock and as private angle schools . The large city school should prepare specifically for studying at Rostock University and impart the necessary knowledge in the ancient languages. The name has only officially existed since 1828, before the following names were common: schola inferior (in contrast to the schola superior at the university), schola Senatus or schola publica. The large city school in Wismar bears the same name .
history
With the Reformation came a new interest in the "holy languages" Latin , Greek and Hebrew in order to be able to read the Bible in the original. Martin Luther demanded this from Christian schools, the "praeceptor Germaniae" Philipp Melanchthon provided the concept for the Protestant humanist school of scholars . In 1534, on the initiative of the Rostock City Syndicate, Dr. Johann Oldendorp , the council united the four community schools and built a Latin school in the building of the Dominican Order , the St. The first rector was Johannes Bronkhorst . After his departure in 1546, the first foundation quickly fell into disrepair, and the old community schools were back in operation.
To improve the quality of the Rostock University, which had decayed due to the Reformation, the council made new attempts at founding a school, which in 1579 led to the goal. The old monastery building was used again, as the first rector the professor of poetics Nathan Chyträus was won for 100 thalers a year as well as an official apartment. On February 1, 1580 the school began in four classes (Quarta to Prima) with another five teachers. Before starting at the age of six or seven, there was still a class for elementary instruction, the advancement to the next class took place according to progress. A Latin (published until 1694) and a Greek school grammar, an introductory reading with Latin dialogues and a Latin- Low German dictionary (“Nomenclator latino-saxonicus” with 19 editions until 1659) were created. Greek lessons began with the New Testament. The sacred music, which enriched the divine service in the four parish churches, was also cultivated. Religious instruction on Saturdays and holidays was based on the “catechesis” of brother David Chyträus . Because of his approach to Calvinism , Nathan Chyträus moved from Rostock to the Bremen School of Academics in 1593 . His study regulations remained authoritative for 250 years.
In the French period after 1807, the school operations almost completely dissolved. After that, a recovery slowly set in, which was visible in the new school regulations of 1828. The new humanist reforms were introduced in Rostock with a few concessions to a citizens' school founded at the same time (a secondary school , also because of the educational wishes of the commercially active parents). In 1867 the school moved into the building on Rosengarten on Wallstrasse, which is still preserved today . In 1876, a secondary school (later Sieben-Linden-Schule) was separated from the grammar school. In 1911 1,026 students were studying with 58 teachers. An upper secondary school (Blücherschule) and a girls' train (1909, from 1930 as its own lyceum on Goetheplatz) were added.
After 1945, two parallel grammar schools were housed in the building on Wallstrasse due to a lack of space. Director Neumann had to resign in 1948 for political reasons. Until the school reform in the GDR in 1959, it was still possible to take the Abitur at the Great City School, then the name for the new POS " Clara Zetkin " in the building was dropped . After the peaceful revolution , the Great City School was rebuilt as a modern high school in 1991 and operated until the merger in 2005. The ancient language tradition was also resumed.
Well-known teachers
- Nathan Chyträus , founding rector 1579–1593
- Paul Tarnow , rector 1593–1604
- Johannes Posselius (the younger) , rector 1605–1615
- Johann Huswedel , deputy principal 1615–1627
- Georg Niehenck , rector 1669–1684, theologian
- Peter Becker , Rector 1701–1714, mathematician and theologian
- Hermann Jacob Lasius , rector 1771–1788, philologist
- Gustav Christoph Sarpe , university professor of Greek and director 1815–1830
- Christian Wilbrandt , teacher 1828–1837 and first professor of German studies in Rostock, 1848 revolutionary
- Johann Enoch Wilhelm Brummerstädt (1803–1878), teacher 1830–1877, 1848/49 member of the Mecklenburg Assembly of Representatives
- Ludwig Bachmann , director 1832–1865, classical philologist and Byzantinist
- Karl Holsten , theologian, teacher from 1852 to 1870
- Paul Tischbein , drawing teacher from 1861 to 1869
- Oscar Döring , teacher 1868–1871 and first president of the Academy of Sciences of Argentina
- Karl Ernst Hermann Krause , director 1865–1893, Low German linguist
- Felix Lindner , English studies teacher from 1873 to 1906
- Eduard Wrobel , director 1899–1924, mathematician
- Felix Stillfried , Low German writer and poet
- Friedrich Drenckhahn , maths didactic, rector of the PH Kiel and Flensburg
- Thuro Balzer , painter, sports and drawing teacher
- Gustav Kühn , painter, sports and drawing teacher
- Richard Moeller , Teacher 1912-1933 and politicians of the DDP , released in 1933, in Soviet custody in 1945 NKVD camps Neubrandenburg Fünfeichen died
- Walther Neumann , director 1924–1948, historian
- Paul Gengnagel , teacher of music, Latin and Greek. For several years director of the Rostock Bach Choir. Honorary doctorate from the University of Rostock
Known students
- Hermann Friedrich Becker (1766–1852), forest inspector in the Rostock Heath
- Christian Behm (1831–1893), lawyer, member of the Reichstag
- Gustav Wilhelm Berringer (1880–1953), architect, created the building on Goetheplatz
- Ludwig Berringer (1851–1913), building contractor and court architect
- Helmuth von Blücher (1805–1862), chemist and pharmacist
- Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher (1742–1819), Prussian field marshal
- Karl Boldt (1884–1968), printer and publisher
- John Brinckman (1814-1870), Low German poet
- Friedrich Franz Wilhelm Brunswig (1804–1837), veterinarian
- Albert Clement (1849–1928), businessman and Rostock mayor
- Ernst Dopp (1858–1929), classical philologist
- Jacob Fabricius (1576–1652), medic, astronomer and poet
- Claus Gerloff (* 1939), politician (SPD)
- Adolf Giese (1906–1969), lawyer and senior church council president in Schwerin.
- Otto Heinrich Greve (1908–1968), SPD politician and one of the fathers of the Basic Law
- Wilhelm David Habermann (1669–1715), professor of medicine at the University of Rostock
- Albrecht Kossel (1853–1927), physician, Nobel Prize 1910
- Johannes Krabbe (1839–1901), Evangelical Lutheran clergyman and author
- Ludwig Krause (1863–1924), archivist and local history researcher
- Emil Lemcke (1870–1946), lawyer and senior church council president in Schwerin
- Hans Linck (1863–1945), lawyer and member of the German Reichstag
- Harry Ludewig (1874–1950), administrative lawyer and civil servant
- Magnus Maßmann (1835–1915), lawyer, mayor of the Hanseatic city of Rostock
- Christian Meier (* 1929), ancient historian
- Hans Joachim Meyer (* 1936), Minister of Science and Catholic lay functionary
- Richard Moeller (1890–1945), educator, administrative officer and politician (DDP)
- Paul Moennich (1855–1943), physicist, painter and photographer
- Leo Müffelmann (1881–1934), association official, Freemason
- Johann Jacob Mussäus (1789–1839), Evangelical Lutheran clergyman and folklorist
- Eduard Napp (1804–1882), educator, 1848/49 member of the Mecklenburg Assembly of Representatives, went into exile in the USA
- Karl August Nerger (1875–1947), naval officer
- Johann Paschen (1852–1927), lawyer, mayor of the Hanseatic city of Rostock
- Friedrich Pfenningsdorf (1870–1945), Mayor of Kröpelin, Member of the Mecklenburg State Parliament
- Gert Preiser (* 1928), medical historian
- Johann Quistorp (the elder) (1584–1648), Rostock theologian and university rector
- Friedrich Reinke (1862–1919), anatomist, pathologist and university professor
- Herbert Samuel (1907–1992), lawyer and founder of the Max-Samuel-Haus
- Karl Scheel (1866–1936), physicist and founder of the school prize for the best physics high school diploma
- Johann Peter Schmidt (1708–1790), lawyer, university professor, rector of the University of Rostock and minister
- Werner Sporleder (1876–1943), administrative lawyer
- Ernst Stiller (1844–1907), member of the Reichstag
- Adolph Tackert (1831-1911), forest manager
- Friedrich Tiburtius (1784–1836), educator
- Karl Trotsche (1862–1920), farmer and writer
- Hans Walsmann (1877–1939), lawyer and university professor
- Georg Gerhard Wendt (1921–1987), human geneticist and eugenicist
- Carl Michael Wiechmann (1828–1881), landowner, farmer and local researcher
- Helge Bei der Wieden (1934–2012), historian and grammar school teacher, co-founder of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology when it was re-established
- Adolf Wilbrandt (1837–1911), writer
- Conrad Wilbrandt (1832–1921), farmer, member of the German Reichstag
- Friedrich Carl Witte (1864–1938), chemist, manufacturer and politician
- Siegfried Witte (1897–1961), CDU politician
- Richard Wossidlo (1859–1939), folklorist
- Joachim Friedrich Zoch (1750–1833), lawyer, mayor of the Hanseatic city of Rostock
literature
- Henrik Bispinck: educated citizens in democracy and dictatorship. Teachers at secondary schools in Mecklenburg 1918 to 1961 (= sources and representations on contemporary history. Vol. 79). Oldenbourg, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-486-59804-9 (also: Leipzig, University, dissertation, 2008).
- Hans Heinrich Kolz: On the history of the large city school and its subsidiary foundations Realgymnasium Oberrealschule, college. Large city school, Rostock 1992.
- Walther Neumann (Ed.): The large city school in Rostock in 3 1/2 centuries. Large city school, Rostock 1930.
- Olaf Wildt (Ed.): 425 years of the Large City School Rostock. Festschrift for the school anniversary 2005. (1580-2005). Ingo Koch Verlag, Rostock 2005, ISBN 3-937179-90-9 .
Individual evidence
Web links
- Literature about the large city school Rostock in the state bibliography MV
- Inner-city high school in Rostock
- To commemorate the three hundredth anniversary of the Rostock city school: February 1st, 1880
Coordinates: 54 ° 5 '12 " N , 12 ° 8' 11.2" E