Hybrid theory

	Chart placements ; (preliminary) ; Explanation of the data
	Albums
	Hybrid theory
	Singles
	One step closer
	Crawling
	Papercut
	In the end

chronology
Hybrid theory
Studio album by
Publication ; (s)	October 24, 2000
admission	March-June 2000
Label (s)	Warner Brothers Records
Format (s)	CD , LP
Genre (s)	Nu Metal , Alternative Metal , Crossover , Alternative Rock
Title (number)	12
running time	37:52
occupation	Singing (1-10, 12): Chester Bennington ; Rap (1, 3, 4, 6–10, 12), sampler , guitar (5, 12), keyboard , vocals (2, 5, 6, 12), piano (8): Mike Shinoda ; Guitar , bass (1-10, 12): Brad Delson ; Drums : Rob Bourdon ; DJ : Joseph Hahn ; Bass (1, 9, 10): Ian Hornbeck; Sequencer (3): The Dust Brothers ; Bass (2): Scott Koziol;
production	Don Gilmore
Studio (s)	NRG Recordings , North Hollywood (USA)
March 12, 2001	One step closer
May 28, 2001	Crawling
October 1, 2001	In the end
January 28, 2002	Papercut

Hybrid Theory ( English for about "mixing theory"), own notation: [Hybrid Theory] is the debut album of American nu-metal - band Linkin Park . It was first released on October 24, 2000 on Warner Brothers Records in the USA, in Europe it was released in February 2001. The name Hybrid Theory comes from the original name of the band.

Emergence

In 1997, at the time of the Nu-Metal wave around bands like Korn and Limp Bizkit , the band, then still active under the name Xero, recorded a demo tape of the same name . It included demos for the songs Runaway and Forgotten , among other things . After the band did not get a record deal, the then singer Mark Wakefield left the band. With Chester Bennington as a replacement, they started again under the band name Hybrid Theory . The first thing that was recorded in 1999 was a self-titled EP , of which around 1000 copies were pressed. In 2001 this was re-released for the Linkin Park Underground fan club . This was followed by the recording of an 8-track demo , which is now regarded as very rare, and which appeared in public for the first time in 2009 - ten years after its recording. With She Couldn't a hitherto unknown piece was included. For legal reasons, a version without She Couldn't was released later . In the same year the band recorded a nine-track demo. Most of the demo recordings were made available to fan club members in their original state on later LP underground CDs.

Hybrid Theory 8-track demo

Hybrid Theory played showcases in front of record managers and were turned down by several labels. At this time I also made contact with Zomba Music . The band was able to find its first worldwide fans via the emerging Internet, especially with MP3 portals.

Eventually, Hybrid Theory was signed to Warner Music after Jeff Blue, a manager at Zomba, joined Warner in 2000. Hybrid Theory began with more songwriting . However, many of the songs that made it on their debut album were reworked versions of their demos. The search for a producer turned out to be difficult at first until Don Gilmore could be won. When the album was already being promoted, legal problems arose: Since there was already another band with the same name and the British company Hybrid , the group had to change its name again. Bennington suggested the name Lincoln Park . In order to secure a .com domain, the spelling was changed to Linkin Park . The linkinpark.com website was registered on May 24, 2000. Between March and June the album was recorded at NRG Recordings in North Hollywood and released on October 24, 2000 in the USA. One Step Closer had previously been played on the radio and was released as the first single.

The release of the album was followed by an extensive tour in 2001. a. in Europe with the Deftones .

content

Track list

All songs can be found as remixes on the album Reanimation .

Standard Edition

#	title	length	comment	Songwriter
1	Papercut	3:05	Fourth and final single	Linkin Park
2	One step closer	2:36	First single	Linkin Park, Scott Koziol
3	With you	3:23		Linkin Park, The Dust Brothers
4th	Points of Authority	3:20		Linkin Park
5	Crawling	3:29	Second single	Linkin Park, Mark Wakefield
6th	Runaway	3:04		Linkin Park, Mark Wakefield
7th	By Myself	3:10		Linkin Park
8th	In the end	3:36	Third single	Linkin Park
9	A place for my head	3:05		Linkin Park, Mark Wakefield, Dave Farrell
10	Forgotten	3:14		Linkin Park, Mark Wakefield, Dave Farrell
11	Cure for the Itch	2:37	Instrumental	Linkin Park
12	Pushing me away	3:12		Linkin Park

iTunes bonus track version

#	title	length	comment	Songwriter
13	My December	4:19		Mike Shinoda
14th	High voltage	3:45	Original version on the Hybrid Theory EP contain	Mike Shinoda, Joe Hahn, Brad Delson
15th	Papercut (Recorded live at BBC 1 )	3:09	Live recording	Linkin Park

iTunes Deluxe Version

#	title	length	comment	Songwriter
13	My December	4:19		Mike Shinoda
14th	High voltage	3:45	Original version on the Hybrid Theory EP contain	Mike Shinoda, Joe Hahn, Brad Delson
15th	Points of Authority (Crystal Method Remix)	4:56	Remix	Linkin Park
16	Papercut (Live at Milton Keynes)	3:50	Live recording	Linkin Park

Cover

The cover was designed by Mike Shinoda based on an idea by Chester Bennington . It depicts a dark red soldier with dragonfly wings against a gray background.

Versions

In addition to the usual songs, the special edition of the album, which was only released in Japan , also features the two songs “My December” and “High Voltage” as well as the music video for “One Step Closer”. The same two songs can also be found on the iTunes edition of the album, but instead of the music video it includes a live recording of the song "Papercut".

An edition with a bonus disc is also available, which contains the two bonus tracks “My December” and “High Voltage” as well as live recordings of the songs “Papercut”, “Points of Authority” and “A Place for My Head”.

Since January 15, 2013, a remix of "Points of Authority" and the live recording of "Papercut" recorded for the CD / DVD Road to Revolution: Live at Milton Keynes have been on a newly mastered iTunes Deluxe version in addition to the two usual bonus tracks “Available.

Single releases

One month after the album was released, on November 28, 2000, the first single "One Step Closer" was released. The accompanying music video was shot in a disused subway station in Los Angeles . The song became the band's first big hit and enjoyed high rotation on radio and music television . The song is also the title song for the German film Das Experiment and can therefore be found on the soundtrack. Half a year later, on May 1st, 2001, the second single "Crawling" was released. The music video for the song reflects the basic theme of the lyrics, the abuse of a child .

The third single "Papercut" was released on September 25, 2001. The song deals with the mental illness paranoia , which the music video also expresses. The fourth and final official single from Hybrid Theory is called "In the End" and was released on November 20, 2001. The video was shot in the desert of California between appearances on the 2001 Ozzfest tour and shows the rapping Mike Shinoda.

reception

Professional reviews
reviews
source	rating
Allmusic
Rolling Stone
Artistdirect
Sputnik Music
Melody Maker
laut.de
plattentests.de
CDstarts.de

William Ruhlmann from the internet portal allmusic criticized the texts, which vary between fear and anger, as not entirely credible. Musically too, Linkin Park is more of a straggler in a style of music that has already reached its peak. Three out of five stars were given as a rating. On sputnikmusic.com, Tyler Fisher highlighted the "unbelievable accessibility" of Linkin Park's music, as well as the "extremely well-functioning" samples by DJ Joseph Hahn. It is a trend-setting mainstream album, but musically it is "a bit above average". He also awarded three out of five points as a rating. In contrast, according to Michael Rensen of German Rock Hard, the qualities of the album "only revealed themselves when they were more intensely occupied"; the band had Nu-Metal influences, but also their own style. Rensen praised the "exemplary coexistence of rap and rock vocals and the refrains underlaid by fat guitar walls and powerful keyboard carpets". He saw the lack of variety in the song structure as a point of criticism. He awarded eight out of ten points. Alexander Cordas from laut.de rated Hybrid Theory with five out of a possible five points. He describes the album as a “fat debut with sawing guitars and catchy songs,” which is convincing “across the board”. It has "a rich production and intelligent lyrics," and no song is a failure.

success

Hybrid Theory had sold over 18 million copies worldwide by 2009 and received ten-fold platinum or diamond status in the USA, making it the best-selling debut album of the new millennium. It is Linkin Park's best-selling album and was nominated for three Grammys in 2002. It is listed in the 1001 albums You Must Hear Before You Die ("1001 albums that you have to hear before you die").

The single In the End , at number two, is Linkin Park's most successful single on the US Billboard Hot 100 charts.

Annual charts (2001)

album

title	Chart placements
title	DE	AT	CH	UK	US
Hybrid theory	4th	6th	29	13	6th

Singles

title	Chart placements
title	DE	AT	CH	UK	US
Crawling	47	31	-	190	-
In the end	94	-	-	131	-

Annual charts (2002)

album

title	Chart placements
title	DE	AT	CH	UK	US
Hybrid theory	45	23	30th	85	5

Singles

title	Chart placements
title	DE	AT	CH	UK	US
In the end	-	-	-	-	7th

Awards

In 2002 the band received a Grammy Award in the “Best Hard Rock Performance” category for the song “Crawling” and won the German Echo music award in the “International Artist / Group of the Year” category. The music video for "In the End" won the 2002 MTV Video Music Award . The band was also honored by MTV at the MTV Europe Music Awards in the categories “Best Group” and “Best Hard Rock”.

The album went gold in the United States within two months and platinum within the first four months . In early 2005, Hybrid Theory was also awarded the Diamond Record for ten million albums sold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) . In the United Kingdom , the album was awarded five times platinum by the British Phonographic Industry for a total of more than 1,500,000 records sold. In Canada, the album achieved five times platinum status with a total of more than 500,000 records sold. The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) awarded the album in Germany with three platinum records for 900,000, in Austria with platinum for 30,000 and in Switzerland with platinum for at least 40,000 records sold.

country	gold	platinum	3 × platinum	4 × platinum	5 × platinum	6 × platinum	8 × platinum	10 × platinum ( diamond )	11 × platinum (diamond)
Germany awarded by IFPI	2001	2001	2019	-	-	-	-	-	-
Austria awarded by IFPI	4th July 2001	October 17, 2001	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Switzerland awarded by IFPI	-	2001	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
United Kingdom awarded by BPI	February 16, 2001	June 22, 2001	February 15, 2002	February 29, 2008	August 1, 2014	-	-	-	-
United States awarded by RIAA	December 1, 2000	January 10, 2001	August 24, 2001	October 24, 2001	December 6, 2001	January 8, 2002	April 30, 2002	January 7, 2005	15th August 2017
Canada awarded by CRIA	February 6, 2001	March 13, 2001	February 8, 2002	February 8, 2002	August 23, 2002	-	-	-	-

Trivia

In the music video of the single Papercut , the baby that adorns the cover of the Hybrid Theory EP and the Xero demo tape can be seen as a picture on the wall.

Web links

Hybrid Theory at Allmusic (English)
Hybrid theory at laut.de

Individual evidence

↑ Hybrid Theory EP lpassociation.com, accessed 23 February 2012

↑ hybridsoldier.de Hybrid Theory EP , accessed on February 23, 2012

↑ Linkin Park Live: Exclusive Hybrid Theory Demo (8 track CD) ( Memento from March 31, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) lplive.net

↑ 8 track demo hybridsoldier.de

↑ 9 track demo hybridsoldier.de, accessed on February 23, 2012

↑ ^a ^b Josh Tyrangiel: Linkin Park Steps Out . time.com, January 28, 2002; accessed January 28, 2010.

↑ band biography lpassociation.com, accessed 23 February 2012 found.

↑ band biography hybridsoldier.de February accessed 23 2012th

↑ General One Step Closer Promotional Video Info. (No longer available online.) Forfeitthegame.com, archived from the original on September 14, 2007 ; accessed on September 23, 2009 .

^ William Ruhlmann: Hybrid Theory Review . allmusic.com
↑ ^a ^b Review Hybrid Theory sputnikmusic.com
↑ Michael Rensen: Hybrid Theory Review . In: Rock Hard , No. 165
↑ Rating: laut.de
↑ Charts DE Charts AT Charts CH Charts UK Charts US
↑ Best of the 2000s: Billboard Albums billboard.com
↑ list of 1,001 albums rocklistmusic.co.uk accessed January 28, 2010.
↑ ^a ^b austriancharts.at
↑ ^a ^b hitparade.ch
↑ ^a ^b ukchartsplus.co.uk (PDF)
↑ ^a ^b billboard.biz
↑ ^a ^b austriancharts.at
↑ ^a ^b hitparade.ch
↑ ^a ^b ukchartsplus.co.uk (PDF)
↑ ^a ^b billboard.biz
↑ 44th Grammy Awards - 2002. Held February 27, 2002. Rock On The Net, accessed May 18, 2009 .
^ Echo 2002: An overview of the winners. In: Spiegel Online . March 8, 2002, accessed March 2, 2013 .
↑ Video Music Awards | Winners By Category. MTV , accessed on May 18, 2009 .
↑ All winners of the MTV Europe Music Awards 2002. Die Presse , November 15, 2002, accessed May 18, 2009 .
↑ ^a ^b GOLD & PLATINUM. Recording Industry Association of America, accessed May 18, 2009 .
↑ ^a ^b Certified Awards Search. British Phonographic Industry, accessed October 3, 2014 .
↑ ^a ^b Certification Results. Canadian Recording Industry Association, accessed May 18, 2009 .
↑ ^a ^b gold / platinum database. Federal Association of the Music Industry, accessed on January 22, 2019 .
↑ ^a ^b gold & platinum. IFPI Austria, accessed on May 18, 2009 .
^ ^A ^b Awards 2001. Swisscharts.com, accessed May 18, 2009 .

[1] Hybrid Theory EP lpassociation.com, accessed 23 February 2012

[2] ybridsoldier.de Hybrid Theory EP , accessed on February 23, 2012

[3] Linkin Park Live: Exclusive Hybrid Theory Demo (8 track CD) ( Memento from March 31, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) lplive.net

[4] 8 track demo hybridsoldier.de

[5] 9 track demo hybridsoldier.de, accessed on February 23, 2012

[time-6] Josh Tyrangiel: Linkin Park Steps Out . time.com, January 28, 2002; accessed January 28, 2010.

[7] raphy lpassociation.com, accessed 23 February 2012 found.

[lpbio-8] raphy hybridsoldier.de February accessed 23 2012th

[9] General One Step Closer Promotional Video Info. (No longer available online.) Forfeitthegame.com, archived from the original on September 14, 2007 ; accessed on September 23, 2009 .