Jütchendorf
The former dead end and today's street village Jütchendorf is a district of Ludwigsfelde , a medium -sized town in the Brandenburg district of Teltow-Fläming . The village, which was independent until 1973, is about six kilometers southwest of the city center of Ludwigsfelde and about 16 kilometers southwest of Berlin . The place has 109 inhabitants (as of 2007) on a district area of 3.76 km².
Jütchendorf is located in the Nuthe-Nieplitz Nature Park on the Nuthe and on the eastern shore of Lake Gröben . In terms of nature, the village is part of the Nuthe-Nieplitz valley and in terms of culture it is part of the Teltow .
Jütchendorf today
Location and facilities
Jütchendorf is surrounded by the following places: in the south / south-west of Mietgendorf and Schiaß , in the north of Gröben , in the north-east of Siethen - all also districts of Ludwigsfelde - and in the south-east of the Trebbin district of Kleinbeuthen . The connecting road from Schiaß, which joins the connecting road between Gröben and Großbeuthen, runs through the village.
The village belongs to the Protestant community of Ahrensdorf / Gröben / Nudow / Siethen in the parish of Zossen in the district of Görlitz , Evangelical Church Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia . Since the place does not have its own church building , the Jütchendorfer accept the offers of the churches in Gröben or Siethen. Since there is no longer a school either, the children are brought to the 4th Ludwigsfeld primary school by school bus .
The building of the former school is used today as the village community center "Zur Alten Schule". On the roof there is a historic bell tower of the school, which was rebuilt in 2003 through donations from citizens and companies and equipped with a tower clock with a chime. The community center serves as a polling station , as a meeting point and for exhibitions. Once a month, for example, the Jütchendorfer Malkreis meets under the guidance of a Berlin painter who runs an art workshop in Berlin-Friedenau and moved to Jütchendorf in 1996. (As of 2007). There is also the volunteer fire brigade with a fire station , which was founded on November 19, 1932 and has now formed a local fire brigade for the Ludwigsfeld fire brigade.
Economy and village image
The economic life of the village is predominantly agricultural . The formerly important fishing in the Gröbener See and in the old Nuthe (in both bodies of water the catch was measured in hundredweight) and viticulture (see below) no longer play a role. At the tourist boom that since the German reunification captured parts of southern Berlin surrounding region, Jütchendorf has no significant share.
The houses are lined up on both sides of the street that runs parallel to Lake Gröben. Newer family houses and courtyards determine the architectural image of the village. Some courtyards from around 1900 have gatehouses that were formerly equipped with building rings. Flat roofs with gate and entrance door, which rest on the adjacent buildings, originally connected the houses and stables. The spread of agricultural machinery required new sheds and sheds to fill the gaps between the buildings. After the collectivization of agriculture in the GDR era, the decay and demolition of barns and stables that were no longer needed tore gaps in the building rings.
Administrative Development in Modern Times and Politics
In 1933 the Jütchendorf had 142, 1939 158 and 2007 109 inhabitants. In earlier times part of the Kleinbeuthen estate, Jütchendorf belonged to the Teltow district as an independent municipality until its dissolution in 1952 . Then the village came to the district of Zossen and in December 1993 to the newly formed district of Teltow-Fläming . On January 1, 1974, Jütchendorf was incorporated into Gröben. Jütchendorf has been part of the city of Ludwigsfelde since December 31, 1997.
The village council and the local mayor represent the interests of the village . In the local elections in 2003, Jütchendorf formed together with Schiaß and Mietgendorf the Ludwigsfeld electoral district 0022; The Jütchendorfer parish hall served as the polling station. Of 198 eligible voters , 103 (= 52%) took part, distributing their votes as follows (rounded): CDU 21%, SPD 30%, PDS 16%, FDP 10%, Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen 9%, DVU 0.35 % and farmers' association Teltow-Fläming 13%. %. Sandra Braun-Grüneberg from Jütchendorf was nominated by Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen as a direct candidate for constituency 23, Teltow-Fläming I, for the 2004 state election (did not make it to the state parliament).
etymology
Jütchendorf is first mentioned in documents in 1370 or in Charles IV's land register from 1375 as Jütkendorp . According to Reinhard E. Fischer , it was named after a man with the German personal name Godike. Christa and Johannes Jankowiak, on the other hand, lead the name back to the Slavic name Chodk or Godk (short form of Chocimir ) = Chodkendorp or Godkendorp . In the Brandenburg name book Gerhard Schlimpert writes : "The Slavic origin of the personal name is much more likely." A later source records the place as Jütckendorf and in 1775 the current name Jütchendorf can be found.
History to early modern times
Early settlement
The moist, fertile Nuthe lowlands already attracted settlers in prehistoric times , as finds of animal bones, pottery shards and hearth stones show. The list of monuments of the State of Brandenburg lists a number of sites in and near Jütchendorf, including a settlement from prehistory and early history , a settlement from the Stone Age , an individual find from the Neolithic , settlement sites from the Bronze Age and a burial ground and settlements from the Iron Age . There is also evidence of a settlement at the time of the Roman Empire . There is also a ground monument for a settlement from the Slavic Middle Ages . A German medieval settlement emerged with the development of the country in the course of the eastern colonization in the 12th and 13th. Century.
Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Times
Border to the west
The Jütchendorfer area has long been part of the border area to the east. The rivers Nuthe and Havel formed the border between the Slavic tribes of the Heveller in the Zauche and the Stodoranen in the Teltow, which played a decisive role in the founding of the Brandenburg region in 1157 by the Ascan Albrecht the Bear . The two tribes not only had to defend themselves against the overpowering feudal states from the west, but occasionally also found themselves in often armed conflict with each other and with other neighboring Slavic tribes. The Askanians, who first settled Brandenburg over the Zauche, secured the area with a chain of castles along the Nuthe, among other things. One of these castles was in neighboring Kleinbeuthen . Ruins of the later castle in place of the old castle are still there today.
Owning noble families von Gröben and von Schlabrendorf
The owners of the place were initially Heinrich von der Gröben and later the von Schlabrendorf family . Both families sat in the neighboring Gröben . The von Gröben family came to the country shortly after the founding of the Mark from Gribehne ( Saxony-Anhalt ) and founded Gröben in 1170. The family is said to have lost 20 members in the Battle of Tannenberg . She then left her home country Gröben and withdrew to properties east of the Vistula . The von Gröbens were followed by the von Schlabrendorfs, who shaped the development of the villages around Gröben and thus also Jütchendorf for centuries. In the middle of the 18th century, a member of the family was heir and court lord in Jütchendorf, as Theodor Fontane quotes from the records in the Gröben church book in his hikes through the Mark Brandenburg :
“1765, October 26th, at night around 12 o'clock, in Breslau the once high-born Mr. Gustav Albrecht von Schlabrendorf, Sr. KM in Prussia, is a well-appointed major general of the cavalry and head of a regiment of Cürassier, heir and court lord of Groeben, Jütchendorf and Waßmannsdorf, after having served the high house for 41 years and 11 months and having brought his age to 61 years, 10 months and 4 days, fell asleep blissfully in the Lord, and then on December 10th c. a. brought from Breslau to Gröben and buried there in the noble hereditary burial. "
In the middle of the 19th century, the ownership of the von Schlabrendorfs in the region ( Gröben ) ended.
The soldier king in Jütchendorf
A story, even if it should be just an anecdote , suggests that the Jütchendorfer in the first half of the 18th century were not necessarily among the most loyal citizens of the march. Around nine kilometers to the south-west, Stangenhagen was a Saxon exclave in the middle of Brandenburg until the Vienna Congress in 1815 , which attracted many deserters from the Brandenburg region . While passing through, the soldier king Friedrich Wilhelm I is said to have mingled with the guests of the inn in Jütchendorf, unrecognized, when they made fun of a royal wanted letter for a deserter. The village mayor read the letter, ironically translated the royal seal LS ( Locus Sigilli - Instead of the seal ) with let grind and expressed his hope that the poor devil might make it to Stangenhagen in Saxony. Enraged, the king should be recognized given and the LS with running quickly have translated: he left the village mayor until after Potsdam run and fix there. Should the deserter escape, the village mayor would serve in his place.
Natural space and natural history
While Jütchendorf is culturally part of the Teltow , the village belongs geologically to the Nuthe-Nieplitz lowland , which borders the Teltow plateau to the west and which is designated as a nature reserve. Near-natural quarry forests and flooded meadows dominate the landscape. The Nuthe and the almost silted arm of the Old Nuthe lead south directly past the village. The Nieplitz flows into the Nuthe around 800 meters to the northwest . Three small lakes are to the southeast of the village. The artificial lakes were created from pits that were dug in the 1910s and 1930s to extract gravel for the construction of the Berlin Avus and the Berlin Olympic Stadium . The natural area to Jütchendorf and its flora and fauna are influenced by the characteristics of the lowland Nuthe-Nieplitz . The Jütchendorfer Berg, a former vineyard, the Great Nuthe Moor and the historic Nuthe floods are noteworthy features of the Jütchendorfer natural area and its history.
Jütchendorfer Berg (vineyard)
To the northeast of the village center, the 62 meter high Jütchendorfer Berg rises around 26 meters above the level of the lowland. The mountain top is made of pine trees. At the western foot of the mountain there is a small fracture area with a pond, which was designated as a natural area monument in the GDR era. The old natural monument signs of the district of Zossen are still in the area.
A map from 1683 shows the mountain still as a vineyard and with a tripartite division, which assigns the cultivation area to one third each of Gröben, Siethen and Jütchendorf. The wine-growing region ended later than in the 18th century, when several consecutive very cold winter, the vines could freeze and imports of wine from southern latitudes made the cultures unprofitable. The Gröben church book notes for the year 1762: "[...] from 7th to 10th May it was so frozen that all the vineyards around here froze to death." The quality of the wine is likely to have corresponded to that of the neighboring Großbeuthen vineyard, the mainly ended up in the Zossener vinegar factory (there, in 1782, ten acres of vineyards produced only three barrels of 13 thalers each ).
Dead end village on the Great Nuthe Moor
Until 1782, when the lowland was traversed with amelioration ditches for drainage by order of Frederick the Great , the eastern surroundings of Jütchendorf formed a swampy wilderness of water, streams, bushes and reeds. The Great Nuthe Moor cut off the place, which at that time was still a dead end village , to the west. The neighboring village of Schiaß could not be reached directly and the Pharus map from 1903 only shows a dirt road between the two villages. The natural-spatial limit was also reflected in terms of rulership , because the Thümensche Winkel west of the river was ruled by the von Thümen family in the late Middle Ages and into the nineteenth century of modern times . The family had their headquarters in Stangenhagen, about nine kilometers southwest .
Floods
Up until modern times, the Nuthe was a much more powerful river than the river, which is now widely canalized, and has long been used for rafting . Nuthe and Nieplitz have been regulated and straightened again and again since 1776. Previously, flooding in the lowlands was a serious threat. Cattle drowned and crops rotted in the wet fields. The Gröben church book, for example, noted in the year 1755: "In that year, because of the abundance of water, no hay could be mowed here, and for this reason both harvests turned out badly." This distress caused by the river gave that River possibly the name, because Noth is derived from the old German Nuth (for other name derivatives, see Nuthe ). For information on the canalisation of the rivers and the improvement of the area, see the history of the river in the nature park .
Personalities
- Robert Bartko , professional cyclist, lives in Jütchendorf
literature
- Theodor Fontane: Walks through the Mark Brandenburg , Volume 4 (Spreeland) "Gröben and Siethen"
- Christa and Johannes Jankowiak: On the way to Nuthe and Nieplitz. Portrait of a Brandenburg landscape. On old tracks and new paths . Stapp Verlag, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-87776-061-9 (chapter Rechts der Nuthe , therein p. 55 f.)
- Carsten Rasmus, Bettina Klaehne: Hiking and nature guides in the Nuthe-Nieplitz Nature Park. Hikes, bike rides and walks. KlaRas-Verlag, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-933135-11-7
Web links
- Official district information on ludwigsfelde.de
- Blog article on the history of Jütchendorf
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kirchenkreis Zossen, map ( Memento from March 7, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) - click on Ahrensdorf
- ↑ Official Journal Ludwigsfelde (PDF)
- ↑ Homepage Marita Wiemer ( Memento from October 9, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Märkische Allgemeine , Zossener Rundschau, June 13, 2007
- ^ History of the Jütchendorf Volunteer Fire Brigade
- ^ Administrative history of the Teltow district
- ↑ a b Christa and Johannes Jankowiak: On the way to Nuthe ...
- ↑ Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1, 1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1997
- ↑ Homepage Ludwigsfelde, district Jütchendorf
- ↑ Brandenburg, Results of municipal elections 2003 ( Memento from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen, press release April 26, 2004 ( Memento from June 23, 2007 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer: The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin , Volume 13 of the Brandenburg Historical Studies on behalf of the Brandenburg Historical Commission. be.bra Wissenschaft, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-937233-30-X , p. 84
- ↑ Brandenburg name book , part 3 (Teltow). Weimar 1972, p. 100
- ↑ Official district information ludwigsfelde.de
- ↑ Soil monuments in the Teltow-Fläming district , as of December 31, 2008. ( Memento from May 28, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF) List of monuments of the State of Brandenburg, p. 4
- ↑ a b c Quoted from Theodor Fontane: Walks through the Mark Brandenburg , Volume 4 ( Spreeland ) "Gröben and Siethen" - Gröben and Siethen among the old Schlabrendorfs: From the Gröben church book
- ↑ Summarized according to the description in: Christa and Johannes Jankowiak: Unterwegs an Nuthe und ... , p. 55
- ↑ Jütchendorf lies at a height of 36.4 meters above sea level (PDF; 849 kB)
- ↑ Carsten Rasmus, Bettina Rasmus: Berliner Umland Süd . KlaRas-Verlag, Berlin 2002, p. 54, ISBN 3-933135-10-9
- ↑ Christa and Johannes Jankowiak: On the way to Nuthe and ... , p. 60
- ↑ Christa and Johannes Jankowiak: On the way to Nuthe and ... , p. 48
- ↑ Christa and Johannes Jankowiak: On the way to Nuthe and ... , p. 50
Coordinates: 52 ° 16 ' N , 13 ° 11' E
Districts: Ahrensdorf | Genshagen | Groben | Groß Schulzendorf | Jütchendorf | Kerzendorf | Lion's Break | Ludwigsfelde | Mietgendorf | Shot | Siethen | Wietstock
Residential places: Am Fischerkietz | At the forest | Struveshof | Vineyard