John B. Goodenough

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John Bannister Goodenough

John Bannister Goodenough (born July 25, 1922 in Jena ) is an American physicist and materials scientist . He is a professor at the University of Texas at Austin . He made important contributions to the development of modern lithium-ion batteries . In particular, he was involved in the discovery of the most important cathode materials . In 2019, at the age of 97, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry together with M. Stanley Whittingham and Akira Yoshino . At the time of the award ceremony on December 10, 2019, he was the oldest person to be awarded a Nobel Prize.

Life

Goodenough was born as the son of the American historian and later professor in Yale Erwin Ramsdell Goodenough (1893-1965) in Jena and studied at Yale University with a bachelor's degree in mathematics in 1943 and at the University of Chicago , where he in 1951 received his masters degree in physics and PhD in physics in 1952. 1951–1952 he worked as a development engineer at Westinghouse Electric Corporation . After graduation, he was at the Lincoln Laboratory of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where he did fundamental work on the development of Random Access Memory (RAM). From 1976 to 1986 he was a professor and headed inorganic chemistry at the University of Oxford in England. There he discovered the suitability of lithium cobalt oxide as a material for the positive pole of rechargeable batteries. Since 1986 he has been a professor at the University of Texas at Austin . There he and a doctoral student discovered lithium iron phosphate as a possible cathode material. Goodenough was also involved in the discovery of another class of material suitable for accumulators, manganese spinel . In 2017, at the age of 94, he and Maria Helena Braga, NS Grundish and AJ Murchison presented a concept for a new battery in the magazine Energy & Environmental Science . This is based on glass as the electrolyte and replaces lithium with the much cheaper, more available and environmentally friendly sodium . The battery can store more energy thanks to its higher density and is safer and cheaper than conventional lithium-ion batteries.

He also dealt with high temperature superconductors .

Work and honors

Goodenough has published more than 800 academic papers, 85 book chapters and reviews, and eight books, including two groundbreaking ones. He has received many honors for his achievements, including the Von Hippel Award in 1989 , the Japan Prize for Environmentally Conscious Materials in 2001 , the Enrico Fermi Prize in 2009, and the election as a foreign member of the Royal Society in 2010. He is the recipient of the National Medal of Science 2011 and member of the National Academy of Sciences since 2012 . In 2014 he received the Charles Stark Draper Prize. In 2017 he received the Welch Award in Chemistry , endowed with USD 500,000 , and the Benjamin Franklin Medal of the Franklin Institute in 2018 . In 2018 he received an honorary doctorate from the Friedrich Schiller University in Jena . For 2019, Goodenough was awarded the Copley Medal by the Royal Society.

Thomson Reuters has listed him as a favorite for a Nobel Prize in Chemistry since 2015 . In 2019, Goodenough was a winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

In 2011 he became a Fellow of the Electrochemistry Society and in 2016 of the National Academy of Inventors .

literature

  • Goodenough, John Bannister. In: Kevin Desmond: Innovators in Battery Technology: Profiles of 95 Influential Electrochemists , McFarland, 2016, ISBN 978-0-7864-9933-5 , pp. 84-88

Fonts

  • Magnetism and the Chemical Bond, Interscience-Wiley, New York 1963
  • Les oxydes des métaux de transition, Gauthier-Villars, Paris, 1973
  • with Kevin Huang: Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology: Principles, Performance and Operations, Woodhead Publishing Limited / CRC Press 2009
  • as editor: Localized to Itinerant Electronic Transition in Perovskite Oxides, Springer 2001

Web links

  • John Goodenough. Homepage. University of Texas at Austin, accessed June 2, 2020 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ K. Mizushima, PC Jones, PJ Wiseman, JB Goodenough: LixCoO2 (0 <x <−1): A new cathode material for batteries of high energy density. In: Materials Research Bulletin. Volume 15, Issue 6, June 1980, pages 783-789, doi: 10.1016 / 0025-5408 (80) 90012-4
  2. ↑ AK Padhi, KS Nanjundaswamy, JB Goodenough: Phospho-Olivines as Positive Electrode Materials for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries. In: Journal of the Electrochemical Society , Vol. 144, No. 4, 1997, pp. 1188-1194, doi: 10.1149 / 1.1837571 .
  3. ↑ MM Thackeray, WIF David, PG Bruce, JB Goodenough: Lithium insertion into manganese spinels. In: Materials Research Bulletin. Volume 18, No. 4, 1983, pp. 461-472, doi: 10.1016 / 0025-5408 (83) 90138-1 .
  4. ↑ MH Braga, NS Grundish, AJ Murchison and JB Goodenough alternative strategy for a safe rechargeable battery. In: Energy Environmental Science 2017,10, pp. 331–336.
  5. ↑ Professor John Bannister Goodenough ForMemRS . ( Memento of the original from November 26, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Royal Society  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / royalsociety.org
  6. ↑ Mitch Jacoby: Goodenough wins 2017 Welch Award - September 18, 2017 Issue - Vol. 95 Issue 37 - Chemical & Engineering News. In: cen.acs.org. September 18, 2017. Retrieved September 14, 2017 .
  7. ↑ Axel Burchardt: Co-inventor of the lithium-ion battery receives an award. Friedrich Schiller University Jena, press release of March 22, 2018 from Informationsdienst Wissenschaft (idw-online.de), accessed on March 22, 2018.
  8. ↑ The 2015 Thomson Reuters Citation Laureates ( Memento from February 17, 2018 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Goodenough, John B.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Goodenough, John Bannister
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American physicist and materials scientist
DATE OF BIRTH July 25, 1922
PLACE OF BIRTH Jena