Kenmore (Washington)
| City of Kenmore | |||
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| Location in Washington | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| Foundation : | August 31, 1998 ( incorporated , i.e. recognized as a local authority ) | ||
| State : | United States | ||
| State : | Washington | ||
| County : | King County | ||
| Coordinates : | 47 ° 45 ′ N , 122 ° 15 ′ W | ||
| Time zone : | Pacific ( UTC − 8 / −7 ) | ||
| Residents : | 22,030 (as of 2015) | ||
| Population density : | 1,382.9 inhabitants per km 2 | ||
| Area : | 16.21 km 2 (approx. 6 mi 2 ) of which 15.93 km 2 (approx. 6 mi 2 ) is land |
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| Height : | 9 m | ||
| Postal code : | 98028 | ||
| Area code : | +1 425 | ||
| FIPS : | 53-35170 | ||
| GNIS ID : | [2] 1512345 | ||
| Website : | City of Kenmore | ||
| Mayor : | David Baker | ||
 Location of Kenmore in King County |
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Kenmore (sometimes Kenmore by the Lake is called) a city ( city ) in King County in the State of Washington , which on the northern shore of Lake Washington is located. As a mixture of dormitory town , country retreat and inland industrial harbor , the town's outstanding features include Kenmore Air Harbor, the country’s largest commercial airport designed only for seaplanes , Bastyr University , several lakeside parks and marinas and easy access to the Burke-Gilman Trail and the King County's bike path network. Places related to local history include the former St. Edward Seminary - now Saint Edward State Park - and Log Boom Park. Kenmores official emblem flower is the dahlia , the national bird of the city is the Blue Heron and the official Evergreen Plant of Rhododendron . As of the 2010 United States Census , Kenmore had 20,460 residents.
history
Founded in 1901, Kenmore's third-hand name comes from the Scottish village of Kenmore ; the city's founder named it after his hometown Kenmore (Ontario) . McMasters and his wife arrived in Puget Sound from Canada about 1889 with the intention of establishing themselves in the clapboard industry. They opened a shingle factory on the north shore of Lake Washington on property they leased from Watson C. Squire . A school system and post office were in place in Kenmore by 1903, but it was not officially recognized as a city until August 31, 1998.
Country life: lumberjacks, gardeners, nudists and the drunk
Aside from the cargo traffic that the Seattle, Lake Shore, and Eastern Railway operated through the area since at least 1887, the city was mostly accessible by boat in its early days; from 1906 there were ferries to Seattle , Bothell and Woodinville . The city later received a train stop. The first better road link to Seattle and Bothell - Red Brick Road - opened between 1913 and 1914; the first bus drove immediately after the laying of the stones (English "brick"). In the end, Kenmore became the freshness of the land for weekend gardeners, where the local landowners sold cleared "garden parcels" to those Seattle residents who had cars and green fingers. Kenmore was attractive to at least two short-term nudist camps in the 1920s.
However, the influence of prohibition was much more drastic . Kenmore quickly became known for its fine country food in Seattle, but was even better known for its fine country drinking when a well-established illegal alcohol industry tried to meet the needs of the jazz-era Seattle nightlife . Though relatively close to actual Seattle - thanks to Washington State Route 522 ("Bothell Way"), one of the few better roads leading north from downtown - Kenmore was far enough away that tax officials in most cases could see it to induce ignorance.
The Blind Pig , an inn at Shuter's Landing on Lake Washington, was probably the most famous of Kenmore's speakeasys . On the lake side, the illegal booze could quickly be sunk into the lake, which could easily be necessary. Few people were fooled, as the name “Blind Pig” was almost synonymous with “speakeasy”. But regardless of its popularity, the "Pig" was not the most disreputable pub in town. Regular violence and brawls in the Inglewood Tavern brought the establishment a new name: "Bucket of Blood" (English: "Bucket full of blood").
This archipelago of dining and entertainment - more than 30 different restaurants, dance floors, bars, and clubs in an area of three blocks - remained an important part of Kenmore's identity through the 1940s.
Voucherville, the Cold War and a new upswing
When the Great Depression struck, Kenmore became the home of some workers who followed the "Back-to-the-land movement" initiated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt . They were paid by the Works Progress Administration and settled in the northwest, an area known as "Voucherville"; the settlement was named after the vouchers that the WPA paid out instead of money.
After the end of World War II , Nike Hercules missiles were deployed in Kenmore as part of the Cold War defense. Armed with nuclear warheads, these surface-to-air missiles were designed to protect Seattle and the surrounding area from attacks by Soviet bombers should war break out. They were withdrawn in 1974.
The post-war era changed the city center noticeably. The Kenmore Air Harbor , one of the world's largest airports, which are designed exclusively for seaplanes, was not widely opened the old Blind Pig; Kenmore Air itself has a fleet of seaplanes that flies to various destinations on waters in "Cascadia" . At the same time, Kenmore became an early target of suburbanization in the post-war era because of its close proximity to Seattle - only two miles from today's city limits. The first lots in the Uplake neighborhood were sold in 1954. The development of residential areas in Kenmore continued over the next few decades, mostly typically in the form of the suburban models of the post-war period; industrial and commercial development soon followed, and within a few decades most of Kenmore's old restaurants and bars had disappeared and replaced with shopping centers, industrial buildings and apartment buildings. Part of this development, however, has its own history: The Jewel Box Building in Downtown Kenmore is an artifact from the World's Fair in Seattle; it was moved from downtown Seattle to Kenmore after the expo ended in October 1962.
The city opened its first college in 1996 with the relocation of Bastyr University from Seattle to the site of the former St. Edward Seminary .
Incorporation and downtown revitalization
The residents of Kenmore have repeatedly considered recognition as a city (English "incorporation") since it was founded; one of the related votes failed in 1954. The idea became popular again in the 1990s, but partly in response to the Washington State Growth Management Act of 1990, a law that gave the legislature the ability to define protected areas, growth regions and others. The formation of a committee of inquiry soon afterwards resulted in a successful public vote in 1995, and the city was officially recognized as such on August 31, 1998, 97 years after it was originally established.
After the Incorporation, the new government decided on a local set of zone codes and an inner city development plan to revitalize and reconstruct the traditional core zones of the city. An essential part of this plan involved intensive use of the land then owned by the city in the Northwest Quadrant mentioned in the plan . A public tender for architects and investors in December 2005 should produce development plans for this area. In April 2006 the city council decided to negotiate primarily with Kenmore Partners LLC . Design plans were presented to the city the following summer, containing a conceptual overview; these plans were made available to the public at the same time.
The oldest streets of Kenmore, now mostly known by the numbering system assigned by the county, originally had more traditional names such as Cat's Whiskers Road (61st Avenue NE), Squire Boulevard (later Red Brick Road , today Bothell Way / Washington State Route 522) and Remington Drive (NE 181st Street). These traditional names were re-established as secondary names in the city center in 2007.
geography
Kenmore is at 47 ° 45 ′ 10 " N , 122 ° 14 ′ 50" W ; the boundaries encompass the entire north shore and a substantial portion of the northeast shore of Lake Washington . The terrain is typical of the lowlands on Puget Sound and consists of large areas of gently rolling hills of glacial marl, occasionally interrupted by flat areas, typically near bodies of water. The largest river is the Sammamish River , which connects Lake Sammamish with Lake Washington and divides the city into a northern and a southern half. There are also some swamps and marshes along Swamp Creek in the northeast of the city from north to south .
According to the United States Census Bureau , the city covers a total of 16.21 square kilometers, of which 15.93 km² are land and the remainder is water.
Surroundings
| Brier | Brier / Bothell | Bothell |
| Lake Forest Park |
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Bothell |
| Lake Washington | Kirkland | Kirkland |
climate
The climate of Kenmore is basically similar to that of nearby Seattle and is defined by its longitude, its proximity to the Pacific and Puget Sound and belonging to the “Puget Sound Convergence Zone”, a weather phenomenon in which heavy rainfall can occur in a narrow strip . It is commonly referred to as the maritime west coast climate , with cold, wet winters and mild, dry summers, although the location is more northerly than Toronto and Montreal .
District
Kenmore has several boroughs:
- Arrowhead to the south: The first house - a small summer cabin - was built in 1888 on the west (or lake) side. The oldest surviving building dates from 1929.
- Inglewood in the south was first parceled out in 1953 and went through large-scale suburban development by 1962.
- Lower Moorlands to the East: The first house was built here in 1904. Significant development in the area after World War II also included the 1927 Charles and Elvera Thomsen House.
- Upper Moorlands in the east: The first development took place in 1938–1939, but remained truly rural, as there was no adequate water supply until the suburban development in the mid-1950s.
- Central (or Downtown) Kenmore encircles Washington State Route 522 / Bothell Way and was the original core of the city. Today the core of industry and trade can be found here.
- Northlake Terrace, an early residential area just north of downtown, is now a mixed-use residential and commercial area. Much of the eastern area of this neighborhood is part of the new Downtown Plan .
- Linwood Heights in the northwest was first built as part of the back-to-the-land movement during the Great Depression. The settlement was maliciously called "Voucherville" at the time. It has since been renovated and is now one of the large suburban residential areas. Parts of the settlement were incorporated into Lake Forest Park in 1995 in anticipation of the Incorporation of Kenmore.
- Kenlake Vista to the north is a post-war suburban residential area.
- Uplake Terrace in the northwest was one of the few areas of Kenmore that was completely devoid of residents before World War II. Construction began in 1953.
- Kenmore Terrace
- Northshore Summit
Since 2000, a significant number of investors in the north of the city have converted former pastureland into high quality residential area. The general character of these districts has been permanently changed. They went from neglected and semi-rural areas to affluent suburbs. This development also affected the neighboring Bothell and led to the emergence of numerous commercial buildings.
Demographics
| Population development | |||
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| Census | Residents | ± in% | |
| 1980 | 7281 | - | |
| 1990 | 8917 | 22.5% | |
| 2000 | 18,678 | 109.5% | |
| 2010 | 20,460 | 9.5% | |
| 2016 estimate | 22,357 | 9.3% | |
| US Decennial Census 2015 Estimate |
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The median income per household was US $ 90,588 in 2015, for families it was US $ 102,374. Men had a median income of US $ 76,688 compared to US $ 58,281 for women. The city's per capita income was US $ 40,192. About 5.5% of families and 8.6% of the total population lived below the poverty line , including 10.4% of those under 18 and 7.5% of those over 65.
2010 Census
As of the 2010 census , Kenmore had 20,460 residents, 7,984 households and 5,487 families. The population density was 1284.5 / km². There were 8,569 housing units at an average density of 538 / km².
The population consisted of 79.9% White , 1.6% African American , 0.5% Indian , 10.5% Asian , 0.3% Pacific Islander , 2.5% from other "races" and 4.5% from two or more "races" . Hispanics or Latinos of "any race" made up 7% of the population.
Of the 7,984 households, 33.5% had children under the age of 18, 55.3% were run by married couples living together , 9.1% by single mothers and 4.3% by single fathers; 31.3% were non-families. 23.4% of the households were singles and 7.9% were single people over 65 years of age. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.01.
The median age in the city was 39.5 years. 22.8% of the population were under 18, 7.5% between 18 and 24, 28.2% between 25 and 44, 29.6% between 45 and 64 and 11.9% 65 years or older. 49.6% of the population were men and 50.4% women.
Census 2000
As of the 2000 census , Kenmore had 18,678 residents, 7,307 households, and 4,961 families. The population density was 1168.8 / km². There were 7,562 housing units at a mean density of 473.2 / km².
The population consisted of 86.7% White , 1.39% African American , 0.37% Indian , 7.16% Asian , 0.18% Pacific Islander , 1.24% from other "races" and 2.96% from two or more "races" . Hispanics or Latinos of "any race" made up 3.51% of the population.
Of the 7,307 households, 33.5% had children under the age of 18, 56.1% were run by married couples living together and 8.2% by single mothers; 32.1% were non-families. 24.1% of the households were singles and 6.9% were single people over 65 years of age. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.03.
The median age in the city was 38 years. 24.5% of the population were under 18, 7.5% between 18 and 24, 31.9% between 25 and 44, 25.8% between 45 and 64 and 10.3% 65 years or older. For every 100 women there were 98.7 men, for those over 18 years of age it was 96.7 men for every 100 women.
economy
While today a large part of the city is a dormitory for workers in the nearby cities of Seattle, Bothell and Redmond, Kenmore maintains an important independent economic core around the production of durable goods (building materials, concrete, asphalt) and specialty trade (building construction, civil engineering and highways ).
Kenmore is also the location of the last industrial port on Lake Washington, which is at the mouth of the Sammamish River . Larger local companies near the port are the Rinker Group branch in Kenmore, Kenmore Ready-Mix (cement and asphalt, a division of Glacier Northwest ), the Pacific Topsoils (topsoils and building materials for landscaping), Michael Homchick Stoneworks (stone production and - processing), plywood supply (wood, plywood and materials for interior construction, wholesale and retail; headquarters of the company) and several others. As the seat of the James G. Murphy Company , one of the ten largest commercial auction houses in the United States, the city is also an auction center .
Important companies in the non-durable goods sector include Kenmore Air , a major seaplane airline with its headquarters; the Alaska General Seafoods has its headquarters and a production facility and the Bastyr University , a college of naturopathy .
education
Kenmore is part of the Northshore School District and the local high school is Inglemoor High School . This is known for its IB program. The non-profit Saint Edward Environmental Learning Center offers quarterly public environmental education courses in partnership with Washington State Parks and Saint Edward State Park. He also runs the ALEAFA Model Public High School . The Kenmore Library Association , a volunteer organization affiliated with the local library, designs and sponsors the library programs.
Kenmore is the seat of Bastyr University , a private college of naturopathy founded in 1978 and accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities (NWCCU). The city is located between the campuses of the University of Washington in Seattle (main campus) and Bothell and Cascadia College there . Paved bike paths and express bus connections are available in the city to all three locations. The city also has a direct bus service to Shoreline Community College (SCC), and much of the city is within walking distance of the SCC's Center for Business and Continuing Education in Lake Forest Park.
Legislature and Politics
Kenmore has a city council with a city manager ruled by a seven-member city council ; each city council member is elected for four years. City council elections take place every two years, with three or four of the councils standing for election. All positions are non-party and are determined in a block vote , in which the entire city population votes. The city council passes ordinances, determines the political principles and elects a mayor and his deputy from among its ranks for a period of two years. The Council meets on the second and fourth Mondays of each month, and there are public hearings on the first and third Mondays.
The day-to-day business of the city is managed by a city manager appointed by the city council. The City Charter also provides for the setting of a firm chief before full time. The main committees specified in the statutes are the Landmarks and Heritage Commission , the planning commission and the advisory body of the library.
The original City of Kenmore Fire Department was merged with that of the nearby Lake Forest Park to form the Northshore Fire Department.
police
Kenmore has contracted the King County Sheriff's Office for the police services. The deputies assigned to Kenmore wear uniforms and drive company vehicles with the city's logo. There are currently nine patrol officers, a traffic officer, a city store officer and a senior officer who work full-time for the city.
Venue Ordinance
When the city was incorporated in 1998, one of the first actions of the city council in 1999 was the passage of an ordinance to put into effect a moratorium on small casinos ("cardrooms"). Cardrooms are mini-casinos with card games like blackjack that allow wagers of up to one hundred dollars. There was only one cardroom in Kenmore - the 11th Frame Restaurant and Lounge on Kenmore Lanes. The 11th Frame has been in operation since the 1970s and, along with other Kenmore Lanes businesses, generates the highest tax revenue in Kenmore.
In March 2003, the city council banned new cardrooms, but left the 11th frame out. In October of the same year the entrepreneur and shopkeeper Len Griesel took it to court. In November the city council revoked the ban and put the previous moratorium into effect.
In September 2004 the matter was presented to the Kenmore electorate as Motion 1, "Proposal to Ban Cardrooms." Motion 1 read, "Should the City of Kenmore ban such 'social card games' from the city?" The motion was denied, but the city council did not lift the moratorium.
In December 2004, Judge Judge Terry Lukens of the King County Superior Court overturned the moratorium on the lawsuit brought by Len Griesel and gave the city council until June 2005 to allow or prohibit all gambling. In June 2005, the city council did not get enough votes to enforce a cardroom ban. Despite the fact that new cardrooms could have opened, Len Griesel did not apply for a license.
The 2005 city council elections were partly aimed at whether the city should ban the cradrooms. Several candidates made their positions clear that banning cradrooms would be key to a successful revitalization of downtown Kenmore.
Immediately after the December 2005 election, the city council decided to ban the cardrooms. At the time, the 11th Frame was bringing the city to trial in federal court. In August 2006, the lawsuit was dismissed on the grounds that gambling was not a legal right. The 11th frame was appealed, which the Ninth Circuit Court (the ninth appellate court) ruled in favor of the city on May 28, 2008. The cardrooms on Kenmore Lanes were closed on June 30, 2009 following an agreement between Frank Evans, city lawyers, and the State Gambling Commission.
Culture
City events and festivals
The most important annual city events are:
- The Kenmore Summer Concert Series , held at the former St. Edward Seminary , now Saint Edward State Park
- The Kenmore Art Show , a competitive exhibit sponsored by Arts of Kenmore .
- The Kenmore Spring Egg Hunt , a celebrated Easter egg hunt
- The Fourth of July Fireworks , a fireworks display that has been taking place in Log Boom Park since 2006
media
Kenmore is served by Media in Seattle , but city or neighborhood events are primarily covered by Bothell / Kenmore Reporters , an online weekly newspaper published by Sound Publishing . Once a month a kind of gazette is printed as a two- or four-page annex to a newspaper. The city also sends a quarterly eight-page newspaper to all residents of all major issues covering city government activities, status reports on development projects, budget reports and a schedule of city events.
Family Circle Magazine , which has been published monthly since 1923, voted Kenmore one of the "10 Best Cities for Families" in its August 2009 issue. The Seattle Magazine chose Kenmore also the best city in the greater Seattle area in 2008/2009.
Parks
Not all parks within the city limits are run by the city government; the Burke-Gilman Trail is a King County park, and St. Edward State Park is owned by the Washington State Parks and Recreation Commission . The parks are:
- Burke-Gilman Trail - a park of King County, which together with the Sammamish River Trail to Marymoor Park , just outside of downtown Redmond about the inner cities of Woodinville, Bothell, Kenmore and Lake Forest Park with the Gas Works Park in Seattle and places further west connects. Several other trails and bike paths branch off this "trail backbone".
- Inglewood Wetlands - two separate protected riverside areas at the mouth of the Sammamish River
- Linwood Park - a small 3 acres (1.21 hectare) park in northwestern Kenmore with lawns, playground and picnic areas
- Moorlands Park - a five acre park with baseball and basketball fields in southeast Kenmore
- Rhododendron Park (formerly Kenmore Park) - a 13 acres (5.26 ha) park with hundreds (partly rare) varieties of rhododendron
- Saint Edward State Park - the largest park in Kenmore with 365 acres (147.71 hectares); it contains more than half a mile (800 m) of unspoilt shores of Lake Washington, the historic Saint Edward Seminary and sports hall, and the Carole Ann Forest Memorial Pool, a year-round swimming pool (closed indefinitely) that is open to swimming teams in the Inglemoor High School Viking and the Seattle Synchro , the Seattle synchronized swimmer team that was "home port"; also a playground that was named second best in Washington State by KING5 TV in 2009 .
- Swamp Creek Park - along the Sammamish River, consists of the city's own farmland that has been undeveloped
- Tracy Owen Station in Log Boom Park - Kenmore's smaller park on Lake Washington, contains 16 acres (6.47 hectares) of lakefront and a large running area that extends into the lake
- Wallace Swamp Creek Park - 17 acres (6.88 hectares), surrounding Swamp Creek in northeast Kenmore, which has several hiking trails
See also
Other sources
- Priscilla Droge, et al., Kenmore by the Lake: A Community History , Kenmore Heritage Society, Kenmore, Washington, 2003
- Alan J. Stein, et al., John McMaster names the Village of Kenmore on January 10, 1901 , HistoryLink.org, Seattle, Washington, 2001
- PI Staff, Rich in history: Homemade beer, 'Voucherville,' stills and nudists , Seattle Post-Intelligencer , Seattle, Washington, 2006
Web links
- City of Kenmore - Official Website (English)
- Kenmore Heritage Society (English)
- Article about founding and naming Kenmore on HistoryLink
- Link catalog on Kenmore (Washington) at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Population Estimates . United States Census Bureau . Archived from the original on October 19, 2016. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 19, 2016.
- ↑ Kenmore in the United States Geological Survey's Geographic Names Information System
- ↑ Kenmore, Kenmore Air Harbor . Washington State Department of Transportation.
- ↑ Kenmore Post Office opens on November 12, 1903 . HistoryLink.org . Essay 583. Retrieved March 24, 2007.
- ↑ Kenmore votes to incorporate on September 16, 1997. HistoryLink.org . Essay 4092. Retrieved March 24, 2007.
- ↑ Seattle tests a super siren during the Cold War on February 27, 1952. HistoryLink.org . Essay 3688. Retrieved April 2, 2007.
- ↑ Kenmore Heritage Society Timeline , Kenmore Heritage Society. Retrieved April 15, 2007.
- ^ Revitalizing Downtown Kenmore. Kenmore Partners, LLC. Retrieved March 24, 2007.
- ^ Street Signs. Kenmore Heritage Society Spring 2007 Newsletter. Retrieved April 2, 2007.
- ↑ US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990 . United States Census Bureau . February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
- ↑ US Gazetteer files 2010 . United States Census Bureau . Archived from the original on July 14, 2012. Retrieved on December 19, 2012.
- ^ Heather MacIntosh, King County Landmarks: Charles and Elvera Thomsen House (1927), Kenmore. The HistoryLink essay in 2360 from 1 January 2000, accessed on 24 March 2007 identifies this as a King County Landmark. The King County and Local Landmarks List ( page no longer available , searching web archives but) of King County (undated, last modified on 26 February 2003, accessed on May 8, 2009), a document of the government of the County, the house referred as a City of Kenmore Landmark, not a County Landmark.
- ↑ Uplake Neighborhood Association Historical Photos ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Uplake Neighborhood Association, from an aerial photo taken December 1953. Retrieved July 28, 2008.
- ^ Population and Housing Unit Estimates . Retrieved June 9, 2017.
- ↑ United States Census Bureau : Census of Population and Housing . Archived from the original on May 12, 2015. Retrieved July 31, 2013.
- ↑ American FactFinder . United States Census Bureau . Retrieved November 20, 2017.
- ↑ http://www.djc.com/news/co/11131878.html "Murphy sells more than backhoes and bulldozers," Seattle Daily Journal of Commerce, March 20, 2002
- ↑ Company Contact Info ( Memento of the original from December 26, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Kenmore Air. Retrieved July 18, 2010.
- ↑ a b Bain, Lara, City Council to decide future of Kenmore's only cardroom. Seattle Times June 18, 2005
- ^ Proposition No. 1: Proposed Ban of Card Rooms. King County Local Voters Pamphlet September 4, 2004
- ^ Proposition 1 Election Results. King County Election Results September 14, 2004
- ↑ Bain, Lara, Tenants pause before opening casinos. Seattle Times, June 29, 2005
- ^ Whitely, P., Kenmore City Council contests deal with cardroom. Seattle Times, September 7, 2005
- ↑ Whitely, P., Federal judge says lone cardroom has to go. Seattle Times, August 5, 2006.
- ↑ Hicks, Joshua, Court upholds Kenmore ban on card rooms. ( Memento of the original from June 20, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Bothell Reporter, June 11, 2008
- ^ Corrigan, T., It's not in the cards: Kenmore spot to close. ( Memento of the original from July 6, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. "Kenmore Reporter," June 29, 2009
- ↑ Kenmore nabs No. 1 ranking from Seattle Magazine. ( Memento of the original from July 17, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Kenmore reporter . August 13, 2009. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
