Kranenburg (Lower Rhine)

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the municipality of Kranenburg
Kranenburg (Lower Rhine)
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Kranenburg highlighted

Coordinates: 51 ° 47 '  N , 6 ° 0'  E

Basic data
State : North Rhine-Westphalia
Administrative region : Dusseldorf
Circle : Kleve
Height : 21 m above sea level NHN
Area : 76.89 km 2
Residents: 10,719 (Dec 31, 2019)
Population density : 139 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 47559
Area code : 02826
License plate : KLE, GEL
Community key : 05 1 54 040
LOCODE : DE KNG
Community structure: 9 localities
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Klever Strasse 4
47559 Kranenburg
Website : www.kranenburg.de
Mayor : Günter Steins ( CDU )
Location of the municipality of Kranenburg in the Kleve district
Niederlande Krefeld Kreis Borken Kreis Viersen Kreis Wesel Bedburg-Hau Emmerich am Rhein Geldern Goch Issum Kalkar Kerken Kevelaer Kleve Kranenburg (Niederrhein) Rees Rheurdt Straelen Uedem Wachtendonk Weezemap
About this picture

The municipality Kranenburg (official spelling until June 9, 1936: Crane Castle) is located on the lower Lower Rhine in the northwest of North Rhine-Westphalia and is a kreisangehorige community of Kleve in the administrative district of Dusseldorf . It is located on the Dutch border near Nijmegen and is a member of the Euregio Rhine-Waal .

geography

Municipal area

The municipality of Kranenburg is divided into the following districts (according to population):

Large parts of the municipal area are uninhabited natural landscape, in the south the Reichswald , in the north the Rhine lowlands of the Düffel .

Neighboring municipalities / cities

The municipality of Kranenburg borders the city of Kleve in the east, the city of Goch in the southeast, the municipality Gennep ( Limburg province , NL ) in the southwest, and the municipality Berg en Dal (Gelderland province , NL ) in the west and north .

history

Kranenburg in 1563. View from the high altar of the Catholic parish church
City wall and mill tower

middle Ages

Kranenburg was founded in the 13th century by the Klever Counts . A Kranenburg castle is first documented in 1270; a church already existed during Dietrichs Luf von Kleve's lifetime († 1277). In 1294 the place had town charter. In the area, land was expanded through forest clearing , for example in Frasselt and Schottheide . The discovery of the “miraculous cross” in 1308 made Kranenburg an important place of pilgrimage.

In the 13th century, the Counts of Kleve pledged the castle, town and country of Kranenburg to Gerhard von Horn . Between his son and heir Dietrich von Horn and the Clever Counts, there were fights over the redemption of the pledging and the succession in the count's office. This dispute ended with an arbitration ruling by the Duchess Johanna von Brabant in 1370: The pledge was redeemed by Count Adolf I von Kleve , the transfer fee to be paid was 30,000 gold shields.

At that time the city of Kranenburg had its first fortification. At the turn of the 14th to the 15th century, a new castle and a stone fortification with two gates and an as yet unexplained number of towers were built, the southernmost as a town windmill. In the first half of the 15th century the city experienced a heyday, which found its expression in the construction of a large Gothic church . In 1436 the Zyfflicher Martinsstift was relocated to Kranenburg, in 1445/46 a convent of sisters was established as a branch of the Klever sister house from Mount Sion in the Kranenburger Mühlenstraße. In 1457 the contract was passed in Kranenburg, which ended the Münster collegiate feud .

Early modern age

Since the end of the Middle Ages, several city fires and flood disasters have deprived the town of its former prosperity. With the extinction of the Jülich-Kleve-Bergisches Duchy in 1609, Kranenburg and the Duchy of Kleve fell to Brandenburg-Prussia . The Great Elector awarded Kranenburg to his personal physician Arnold Fey in 1675 ; after his death in 1678 the place fell back to Brandenburg. Around 1650 a Reformed community was founded in Kranenburg, which was able to move into a small church in 1723. In 1789 a city fire destroyed the historic town hall. The dilapidated city gates were demolished around 1800.

19./20. century

During the French era, Kranenburg was the seat of the canton in the Département de la Roer and at times the northernmost point of the French state, but lost its status as a city. The Martinsstift and the Katharinenkonvent were secularized in 1802. After the Congress of Vienna , the municipalities of Kranenburg, Nütterden and Frasselt-Schottheide formed the mayor's office in Kranenburg. In 1936, Grafwegen, which had previously belonged to Kessel , was added to Kranenburg. Kranenburg remained strongly influenced by agriculture until the 20th century.

An American Boeing B-17 shot down over Kranenburg

In the war winter of 1944/45, the place was badly affected. On February 7, 1945, Western Allied troops began the battle in the Reichswald . Kranenburg was occupied by them on February 10th. At the end of March 1945 they built a bridgehead over the Rhine near Wesel ( Operation Plunder ).

After the Second World War, the Wyler and Zyfflich municipalities were added to the Kranenburg district. The municipality of Kranenburg in its current form was created on July 1, 1969 during the first municipal reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . The municipalities of Kranenburg (with Nütterden, Frasselt, Schottheide and Grafwegen), Wyler and Zyfflich of the Kranenburg office and the municipalities of Mehr and Niel of the cattle office were merged to form the new municipality of Kranenburg. On January 1, 1975, in the course of the second reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia, the old Kleve district was merged with the former Geldern district and parts of the Moers and Rees districts to form the new Greater Kleve district on the Lower Rhine. Many Dutch people also live in the border community of Kranenburg today.

Population development

The following information relates to what is now the area of ​​the municipality of Kranenburg.

Population development of Kranenburg from 1950 to 2017 according to the table below
  • 1950: 05,620 inhabitants
  • 1960: 06,222 inhabitants
  • 1970: 07,840 inhabitants
  • 1975: 07,860 inhabitants
  • 1980: 07,842 inhabitants
  • 1985: 07,882 inhabitants
  • 1990: 07,957 inhabitants
  • 1995: 08,526 inhabitants
  • 2000: 09,282 inhabitants
  • 2005: 09,845 inhabitants
  • 2010: 09,963 inhabitants
  • 2015: 10,648 inhabitants
  • 2017: 10,576 inhabitants

politics

Local election 2014
(in %)
 %
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
48.3
31.4
11.4
9.0
Gains and losses
compared to 2009
 % p
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
-3.7
+2.1
+2.3
-0.7
Allocation of seats from 2014
    
A total of 28 seats

Municipal council

Since the last local election on May 25, 2014, the CDU (48.3%, 13 seats), SPD (31.4%, 9 seats), Greens (11.4%, 3 seats) and FDP (9.0%) have been in the local council %, 3 seats). The turnout was 47.61%.

The next local election will take place in 2020.

mayor

Günter Steins (CDU) has been mayor of the Kranenburg community since 2009. In the last mayoral election on September 13, 2015, he was re-elected with 2,508 votes (66.0% of all votes), supported by the CDU and FDP. His opponent Tatjaana Kemper received 1,292 votes (SPD, 34.0%). The turnout was 44.91%, so a total of 3,875 votes were cast, of which 75 were invalid (1.9%).

The next mayoral election will take place in 2020.

The municipality of Kranenburg has been authorized to use a coat of arms, an official seal and a banner with a certificate from the District President in Düsseldorf dated July 28, 1972. The community also has a logo.

  • coat of arms

  • seal

  • banner

  • logo

Blazon : "In red a tinned golden (yellow) city wall with a golden (yellow) gate tower, on each of which a silver (white) crane, facing each other and one leg against the tower."

The coat of arms is " talking " and comes from an old town and aldermen seal of the former medieval town in Kranichenbruch (town charter from approx. 1290–1800).

Description of the seal: "Inscription above:" GEMEINDE KRANENBURG "- Inscription below:" KREIS KLEVE "- Seal image: In outline drawing without a shield, the coat of arms of the municipality."

Description of the banner: "Red-yellow in a ratio of 1: 1 striped lengthways with the municipal coat of arms without a shield in the red banner head."

Town twinning

Since 2001, Kranenburg and its neighboring Dutch communities Groesbeek and Ubbergen have had a partnership with the city of Körmend in Hungary .

Culture and sights

theatre

  • Look-Mal-Theater Kranenburg
  • Stage friends more e. V.

music

  • Musikverein Kranenburg e. V.
  • Musikzug of the Allgemeine Schützengesellschaft Nütterden e. V.
  • Musikverein 1923 Zyfflich e. V.

Buildings

Parish Church of St. Peter and Paul in Kranenburg (15th century)
St. Martin's Church in Zyfflich (11th century)
Kranenburger Bruch nature reserve
The Great Street during the redesign in 2006

Kranenburg

Zyfflich

Niel

More

Rattles

Nütterden

Wyler

natural reserve

In the Düffel near Kranenburg, the NABU Nature Conservation Station Niederrhein is committed, among other things, to the protection of arctic wild geese such as the greylag goose , which overwinter here in large numbers, and to the threatened meadow birds breeding here, such as the lapwing or the black-tailed godwit.

societies

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Air traffic

The closest airports are Niederrhein Airport in Weeze and Düsseldorf Airport .

Bus transport

In local public transport , the VRR express bus line SB58 runs between Emmerich and Nijmegen , the VRR line 55 between Kleve and Kranenburg, the VRR line 59 between Kleve and Kranenburg and the line 57 of the Dutch Hermes (Breng) between Kranenburg and Nijmegen.

The tariff of the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr (VRR) applies to all local public transport and the NRW tariff applies to all tariff areas .

Rail transport

SPNV existed until 1991 on the left Lower Rhine route from Kleve via Kranenburg to Nijmegen . Since spring 2008, draisine trips for up to 14 people between Kleve and Groesbeek have been possible on part of this section . The former Kranenburg train station now houses the “Caféhaus Niederrhein” and the “De Gelderse Poort Kranenburg visitor center”. This is an information point for the local council and the NABU .

Operation on the Kleve -Kranenburg-Wyler tram line, which opened in 1912, was discontinued in 1960.

Road traffic

In the trunk road area , Kranenburg is connected to federal highways 9 and 504 . After the redesign of "Große Straße" in 2006, the center of the village was redesigned as a traffic-calmed zone. The traffic between Kleve and Nijmegen is now routed around the town via a bypass road.

Europa-RadBahn

In summer 2019, the Europa-RadBahn, funded by the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU for short) and the Ministry of Transport of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia (VM NRW for short), was completed. The cycle track has a total length of 11 kilometers and connects the city of Kleve, the municipality of Kranenburg and the surrounding villages with Nijmegen in the Netherlands. The route is a road, exclusively for means of transport that are also permitted on a conventional cycle path that runs parallel to the rails of the draisine. Separate traffic lights with motion sensors were installed at the crossings. The total costs amount to 6.5 million euros, which are divided between the BMU with 4.3 million euros, the VM NRW with 921,000 euros and the municipalities of Kleve and Kranenburg themselves with 1.3 million euros.

media

Local press coverage is provided in the Rheinische Post and the Neue Ruhr Zeitung . The Klever Wochenblatt , the Niederrhein Nachrichten and the German-Dutch newspaper De Rozet are distributed free of charge .

Personalities

literature

  • Robert Scholten , Cranenburg and his pen , Kleve 1902.
  • Kirchbauverein Kranenburg (ed.), Kranenburg. An old sanctuary of the Lower Rhine , Kranenburg 1950.
  • Friedrich Gorissen , Kranenburg. A sanctuary of the Lower Rhine , Kranenburg 1953.
  • Association for homeland security (ed.), Kranenburg. A home book , Kranenburg 1984.
  • Association for homeland security (ed.), History in the tower. Catalog for the local history exhibition in the Mühlenturm Kranenburg , Kranenburg 2006.

Web links

Commons : Kranenburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Kranenburg in the Topographia Circuli Burgundici (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 .  ( Help on this )
  2. ↑ Statistics of the German Reich, Volume 450: Official municipality directory for the German Reich, Part I, Berlin 1939; Page 267
  3. ^ Heinrich Janssen : Pilgrimages on the Lower Rhine . In: Heinrich Janssen, Udo Grote (Hg :): Two millennia history of the church on the Lower Rhine . Dialogverlag, Münster 1998, ISBN 978-3-933144-02-7 , pp. 397-411, therein pp. 402-403: Kranenburger Kreuz .
  4. ↑ Theodor Joseph Lacomblet, in: Document book for the history of the Lower Rhine or the Archbishopric of Cöln , Certificate 706, 1853, Part 3, 1301–1400, p. [613] 601
  5. ↑ Kevelaerer Encyclopedia
  6. ↑ Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 80 .
  7. ↑ Population of all municipalities in North Rhine-Westphalia from December 31, 1962 at the end of each year according to the current territorial status
  8. ↑ Data and facts | Kranenburg community. In: www.kranenburg.de. Retrieved May 21, 2016 .
  9. ↑ a b Election results for the 2014 municipal elections, the Niederrhein municipal computing center
  10. ↑ Election results for local elections 2015 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Municipal data center Niederrhein @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / wahl.krzn.de
  11. ↑ Main statutes of the municipality of Kranenburg, § 2, online (PDF; 32 kB)
  12. ↑ Europa-RadBahn | City of Kleve. Retrieved January 15, 2020 .
  13. ↑ Hunger: 11 kilometer long "Europa-RadBahn" officially opened. June 9, 2019, accessed January 15, 2020 .
  14. ↑ Google Maps. Retrieved January 15, 2020 (de-US).