Lamprecht von Brunn
Lamprecht von Brunn ( French Lambert de Buren ; * around 1320/1330 in Alsace; † July 17, 1399 in Forchheim ) was Prince-Bishop of the Bamberg Monastery from 1374 to 1398/1399 . Lamprecht was bishop of Brixen, Speyer, Strasbourg and Bamberg. As a bishop, diplomat, financier and advisor to the emperor, he is considered an influential person in German politics.
Life
Lamprecht von Brunn in the family context
Lamprecht von Brunn comes from the north of Alsace . There is still no more detailed information about the lower nobility of the von Brunn family , the ancestral seat was probably near Niederbronn-les-Bains . Lamprecht is also referred to in the literature as Lambert, Lampert or Lambrecht and occasionally with the nickname Kaldenacht . He owed his career less to his family's standing than to his personal efforts and skills. In Speyer and Bamberg he provided various relatives with important posts, including his nephew, the later Bishop of Würzburg Johann II. Von Brunn .
Career
Since 1354 Lamprecht was abbot of the Gengenbach Monastery in the Black Forest , which belonged to the Bamberg Monastery . 1363-1364 Lamprecht was also Bishop of Brixen , 1364-1371 he was Bishop of Speyer and 1371-1374 Bishop of Strasbourg . Only when he took office in Bamberg did he resign from his position as Abbot of Gengenbach. In Speyer he first had to come to an agreement with the originally elected cathedral dean Eberhard von Randeck before he could take office in 1365.
Bamberg time
At the time of the appointment of Lamprecht von Brunn as Prince-Bishop of Bamberg, Gregor XI. Pope and Charles IV Emperor. Lamprecht was a close advisor to Charles IV and later Chancellor of his son King Wenceslas the Lazy .
Lamprecht distinguished himself from his neighbors through a sustainable peace policy. Securing the peace was a common goal. There were alliances not only with the Bishopric of Würzburg and the Burgraviate of Nuremberg , but also with the Wettins in Meißen and Thuringia , the Counts of Schwarzburg and with the Duke Albrecht of Austria to secure the possessions in Carinthia .
The only Carthusian monastery was founded in Nuremberg in 1381 . In 1395 he also founded the Elisabethen Hospital in Scheßlitz and donated his library to him. There is evidence of significant construction activity at Forchheim Castle. The Gothic wall paintings from around 1390/99 that have been preserved in the castle are of great art historical importance and testify to the prince-bishop's cultural horizon.
In 1390 Lamprecht ended a protracted inheritance dispute with the Counts of Truhendingen over the Giechburg and acquired property roughly the size of the eastern district of Bamberg . In addition to further territorial acquisitions by Langheim Abbey , this was the last significant expansion of the Bamberg Monastery .
He introduced new taxes, namely the beer pfennig, which for centuries was still called the Lambertiner.
In January 1399 he resigned his office and died a few months later.
coat of arms
The prince-bishop's coat of arms is usually quartered . According to Hans Ammerich, for the time as Bishop of Speyer, the fields of the coat of arms alternate between the family coat of arms of those of Brunn and the coat of arms of the diocese of Speyer, a silver cross on a blue background. Two variants are known for the family coat of arms: The first shows a red fish hook (?) On silver. The second is a crossbar on silver. There are two lilies in the upper half and one red lily in the lower half .
The coats of arms of the cities of Scheßlitz and Höchstadt an der Aisch are reminiscent of Lamprecht as Bamberg's prince-bishop.
Coat of arms of the city of Scheßlitz
Coat of arms of the city of Höchstadt an der Aisch
literature
- Hans Ammerich : The diocese of Speyer and its history. Volume 2: From the Staufer period (1125) to the beginning of the 16th century. Sadifa Media, Kehl am Rhein 1999, ISBN 3-927095-44-3 , pp. 26-27.
- Franz Xaver von Wegele : Lambert von Brunn . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 17, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1883, pp. 541-547.
- Alfred Wendehorst : Lamprecht von Brunn. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-428-00194-X , p. 463 f. ( Digitized version ).
Individual evidence
Web links
- Biography of Lamprecht at 1000 years of the Bamberg diocese
- Lamprecht in the history of Bamberg
- Lamprecht von Brunn in the Saarland biographies
predecessor | Office | successor |
---|---|---|
Matthew on the streets |
Bishop of Brixen 1363–1364 |
Johann Ribi von Lenzburg |
Gerhard von Ehrenberg |
Bishop of Speyer 1364-1371 |
Adolf I of Nassau |
Johann III. from Luxemburg-Ligny |
Bishop of Strasbourg 1371-1374 |
Friedrich II of Blankenheim |
Ludwig of Meissen |
Prince-Bishop of Bamberg 1374–1398 |
Albrecht von Wertheim |
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Lamprecht von Brunn |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Lambrecht; Lambert; Lampert by Brun; Lampert from Brunn |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Bishop of Bamberg, Brixen, Speyer and Strasbourg |
DATE OF BIRTH | around 1320 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Alsace |
DATE OF DEATH | July 17, 1399 |
Place of death | Forchheim |